Rafael Leal-Arcas – författare

Electricity Decentralization in the European Union: Towards Zero Carbon and Energy Transition, Second Edition examines progress in decentralization across the European Union, with each chapter focusing on developments and innovations in a specific country. Sections provide an overview of the current role and state of smart grids, the conceptualization of energy transition, and specific cases across all EU states. Across the chapters, regulatory frameworks are assessed to identify to what extent it is conducive to decentralization, with specific outcomes of decentralization covered in detail, including deployment of smart grids and meters, demand response, electric vehicles, and storage.

The book highlights how specific EU member states are progressing towards deployment of these tools and technologies, along with the specific needs and regulatory barriers in each and recommendations for how regulation can be more encouraging. In addition, electricity interconnections in the EU are considered as a vital step towards decentralization in order to boost energy security and energy efficiency. Finally, the book includes a detailed examination of data protection concerns that arise from the advent of new technologies that collect personal information, such as smart grids, assessing current regulation on data protection and identifying areas for improvement, as well as innovative finance options for sustainable energy.

The ECT outlines a multilateral framework for cross-border cooperation in the energy sector based on the principles of open competitive markets and sustainable development. Expert contributors provide commentary and analysis on the five primary areas of the ECT: investment promotion and protection, trade, transit, environmental protection, and dispute settlement. The optional protocols are also addressed, including issues such as energy efficiency and the environment.

Key Features:

Refreshed and revised, this new edition will be an indispensable reference point for academics, students, lawyers, economists, and policymakers working in energy law and policy.

Accessible and thought-provoking, chapters offer a legal analysis of EU trade policy after the conclusion of the WTO Agreement and the Treaties of Rome, Amsterdam, Nice and Lisbon. Additional thought is given to the role of EU Member States and major EU institutions in international trade negotiations. This thoroughly revised second edition now includes a detailed examination of climate change from the point of view of international trade, arguing in support of EU trade deals in clean energy with Gulf Cooperation Council countries such as Saudi Arabia.

This insightful book is a crucial resource for academics, practitioners, and policymakers working on European and international trade law and policy, as well as international investment law, climate change, energy economics, and environmental law, governance and regulation.

Divided into four broad thematic areas, the book considers in turn the various elements of EU energy law and policy, namely its institutional, external, economic, social, legal, environmental, and technological aspects. New chapters in this second edition discuss the EU’s response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, India-EU relations, EU-Gulf cooperation, and the importance of energy trade agreements for the recognition of environmental refugees. Presenting cutting-edge research on the major energy policy challenge which the EU will face in the coming years, this Research Handbook expertly situates the field of energy law and policy in the broader context of international economic law and governance.

The Research Handbook on EU Energy Law and Policy: Second Edition will continue to be a vital reference for legal academics, students, and scholars in energy law and policy. It is also of practical interest to lawyers, economists, and policymakers working in related fields such as climate change, international trade, and sustainability management.

The insightful book contributes to developing the architecture for a post­2012 global climate agreement and, in doing so, seeks and proposes new approaches to climate change mitigation by linking it to the international trade system. The author suggests the adoption of a bottom-up approach to climate change negotiations by using the evolution of multilateral trade agreements as a model for reaching a global climate treaty. He discusses the innovative approach of inserting climate goals within regional trade agreements, given their proliferation - especially bilateral - in the international trading system. He explains the trade implications of climate change mitigation policies by analyzing a couple of areas where the international regimes for trade and climate change mitigation may potentially clash.

Climate Change and International Trade will strongly appeal to undergraduate and graduate students of international and European trade law, international and European environmental law as well as social science academics. NGOs, think tanks, practitioners, researchers, and international organizations will also find plenty of valuable information in this timely resource.

The Research Handbook covers the full breadth of topics and developments in the EU''s law and policy regarding energy, fully acknowledging the multifaceted nature of this vast arena. It is divided into four broad thematic areas of EU energy law and policy: 1) institutional aspects; 2) external aspects; 3) economic, social and legal aspects; and 4) environmental and technological aspects. Expert contributors also present a future research agenda in these four areas and identify emerging themes with substantial potential for further research in years to come.

Timely and engaging, the Research Handbook on EU Energy Law and Policy will be an indispensable reference point for academics, students, lawyers, economists, policymakers and think tanks in the field. It will also be of interest to those operating in other energy-related disciplines.

Contributors include: P. Aalto, M. Baumgart, G. Block, T. Bonenkamp, P. Crossley, S. de Jong, F. Dittrich, D. Elliott, Y. Farah, J. Feiler, S. Fischer, C. Grasso, L. Hancher, M. Hosli, B. Huarte Melgar, R. Kamphof, M. Kattirtzi, F. Kern, A. Konoplanik, K. Kulovesi, R. Leal-Arcas, F. Lesniewska, M. Makhoul, K. Menzel, S. Minas, A. Morelli, T. Pellerin-Carlin, S. Pouzitakis, F. Proedru, S. Raszewski, J. Rosenow, E. Saitova, F. Salerno, J. Schmitz, K. Segbers, J. Selleslaghs, K. Talus, P. Vajda, T. Van de Graaf, J. Wouters,

By binding governments to commitments that guarantee open markets, non-discrimination, and access to foreign investment, the ECT aims to strengthen the global rule of law on energy issues and, in doing so, reduce the risks associated with energy-related investment and trade.

Expert contributors provide commentary and analysis on the five primary areas of the ECT: investment promotion and protection, trade, transit, environmental protection, and dispute settlement. The optional protocols are also addressed, including issues such as energy efficiency and the environment.

Clearly and logically organized, this commentary is an invaluable reference tool for those wanting to better understand the intricacies of the Treaty and its binding commitments. The Commentary will be an essential resource for practitioners, academics, and policymakers across the field of energy law and policy.

Contributors include: V. Aleksic, G. Alvarez, C. Baltag, M. Baumgart, L. Borlini, A. Eckenroth, D. Geraets, S. Goldberg, C. Grasso, T. Hunter, A. Konoplyanik, R. Leal-Arcas, N. Lisney, D. Mejia-Lemos, B.H. Melgar, F. Montanaro, A. Morelli, A. Mudliar, M. Petri, L. Reins, O. Repousis, P. Serra, F.D. Simões, C.G. Stanescu, P. Vajda

Accessible and thought-provoking, chapters offer a legal analysis of EU trade policy after the Treaty of Rome, after the conclusion of the WTO Agreement, at the Treaty of Amsterdam, at the Treaty of Nice, and at the Treaty of Lisbon, taking into account the most recent constitutional developments by the Lisbon Treaty on division of competences between the EU and its Member States. Additional thought is given to the role of major EU institutions and their balance within EU trade law and policy, and the tension between efficiency and accountability in decision-making processes in EU trade policy is further considered.

Students and scholars working in the field of European and international trade law and policy, and international economic law and policy more generally, will find this a clear and useful resource. Practitioners seeking a clear and up-to-date insight into the area will also appreciate this important work.

This book aims to provide an interdisciplinary understanding of how green trade can be achieved. It will be relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in international trade and environmental economics.

This book examines the need for greater legal coherence within international trade negotiations between the European Union (EU) and external trade relations. An introspective analysis of EU trade law and policy is presented that highlights the complex issue of EU unity. A particular focus is given to the Doha Round and the General Agreement on Trade in Services, with empirical analysis placing the negotiations not just within the context of international trade law, but also within broader social and political contexts.

This book aims to provide an interdisciplinary understanding of the EU’s international trade negotiations. It will be relevant to researchers and policy-makers interested in international trade and EU law.