Rainer Beck - Böcker

A collection of sixteen coordinated reviews on the origins of large-scale magnetic fields in the Universe, this book discusses magnetic fields in all relevant astrophysical contexts, from the interstellar medium to the scales of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. Magnetic fields are described in their very diverse environments, from stellar winds to galactic haloes and astrophysical jets; together with the roles they play in forming the structures and shaping the dynamics of these objects. Both observational evidence and its theoretical interpretations are covered up to the largest scales in the Universe. The authors are all leading scientists in their fields, making this book an authoritative, up-to-date and enduring contribution to astrophysics. This volume is aimed at graduate students and researchers in astrophysics. Previously published in Space Science Reviews journal, Vol. 166/1-4 and Vol. 169/1-4, 2012.

A collection of sixteen coordinated reviews on the origins of large-scale magnetic fields in the Universe, this book discusses magnetic fields in all relevant astrophysical contexts, from the interstellar medium to the scales of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. Magnetic fields are described in their very diverse environments, from stellar winds to galactic haloes and astrophysical jets; together with the roles they play in forming the structures and shaping the dynamics of these objects. Both observational evidence and its theoretical interpretations are covered up to the largest scales in the Universe. The authors are all leading scientists in their fields, making this book an authoritative, up-to-date and enduring contribution to astrophysics. This volume is aimed at graduate students and researchers in astrophysics. Previously published in Space Science Reviews journal, Vol. 166/1-4 and Vol. 169/1-4, 2012.

While magnetic fields permeate the universe on all scales, the present book is dedicated to their investigation on the largest scales and affords a balanced account of both theoretical and observational aspects. Written as a set of advanced lectures and tutorial reviews that lead up to the forefront of research, this book offers both a modern source of reference for the experienced researchers as well as a high-level introductory text for postgraduate students and nonspecialist researchers working in related areas.

While magnetic fields permeate the universe on all scales, the present book is dedicated to their investigation on the largest scales and affords a balanced account of both theoretical and observational aspects. Written as a set of advanced lectures and tutorial reviews that lead up to the forefront of research, this book offers both a modern source of reference for the experienced researchers as well as a high-level introductory text for postgraduate students and nonspecialist researchers working in related areas.

Since the first edition of Contrast-Enhanced MRI of the Breast was published in 1990, further progress has been made in the field and interest in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an additional tool in the diagnosis of breast disease has increased. However, further questions have arisen concerning the best choice of technique, the most appropriate way to interpret MR images, and the role which MRI might play in the work-up of breast disease. In this edition we give an overview of the latest technical possibilities and present knowledge, which today is based on a much greater range of experience gained by various excellent research groups. It is our aim to help the interested reader in choosing an appropriate technique and in finding those applications which promise the greatest benefit for the patient. The particular advantages and limitations of MRI have been pointed out and the currently known capabilities and still existing limitations of other imaging modalities, including transcutaneous biopsy, discussed. Finally, a chapter concerning the use of MRI in the diagnosis of implant failure, a new situation, has been added. Acknowledgements. Since the first edition was published, much further work and research has been necessary. This would not have been possible without the continuous support of many colleagues, coworkers, and advisors.

The subject of interstellar magnetic fields is of increasing interest to both observational and theoretical astronomers. Consequently, it was opportune for both groups to convene and discuss the current state of research and future prospects. For this purpose, the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften e.V. generously provided its unique conference centre SchloB Ringberg. The scientific organising committee consisted of Profs. W. Hillebrandt (Max-Planck-Institut fUr Physik und Astrophysik, Munchen) and R. Wielebinski (Max-Planck-Institut fUr Radioastronomie, Bonn). The lo- cal organising committee comprised Gabriele Breuer (conference secretary) and the Editors. ' These proceedings summarise the lectures and short contributions pre- sented at the workshop. Although extremely productive, the discussions could not, unfortunately, be included. We thank the staff of the castle, and especially its administrator, Mr. Hormann, for providing the excellent environment conducive to smooth run- ning of the conference. We acknowledge the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft for its support in financing the workshop.Thanks are also due to all participants for their enthusiasm and (generally!) prompt submission of manuscripts. Last but not least, we thank Gabriele Breuer for her invaluable help before, dur- ing and after the days at SchloB Ringberg. She skillfully typed and retyped many of the manuscripts for these proceedings and unstintingly performed last minute corrections. We hope that some of the ideas presented here will stimulate further discussion and research in this area. R.Beck Bonn, December 1986 R. Grave v 1 Arp, H. 15 Kundt, W. 29 Furst, E. 2 Grave, R. 16 Aly, J.J.