S. Hernandez - Böcker

Deformable solids, that is to say, those which undergo changes in geometry when subjected to external loads or other types of solicitations, as well as other related topics are the focus of this book.Within the main field, this text deals with advanced linear elasticity and plasticity approaches and the behavioural study of more complex types of materials. This includes composites of more recent manufacture and others whose material characterisation has only recently been possible. It also describes how linear elastic behaviour extends to anisotropic materials in general and how deformations can result in small or large strain components. The information on plastic behaviour expands to include strain hardening of the materials.Amongst other new topics incorporated into this volume are studies of hyperelastic materials, which can represent elastomeric and some types of biological materials. A section of the book deals with viscoelastic materials, i.e. those who deform when subjected to long-term loads. The behaviour of viscoplasticity, as well as elasto-viscoplasticity, describes well other types of materials, including those present in many geotechnical sites.The objective of this volume is to present material that can be used for teaching continuum mechanics to students of mechanical, civil or aeronautical engineering. In order to understand the contents the reader only needs to know linear algebra and differential calculus.Examples have been included throughout the text and at the end of each chapter, exercises are presented which can be used to check on comprehension of the theoretical information presented.

Composed of papers presented at the 10th conference on Multiphase flow this book presents the latest research on the subject. The research included in this volume focuses on using synergies between experimental and computational techniques to gain a better understanding of all classes of multiphase and complex flow. The presented papers illustrate the close interaction between numerical modellers and researchers working to gradually resolve the many outstanding issues in our understanding of multiphase flow. Recently multiphase fluid dynamics have generated a great deal of attention, leading to many notable advances in experimental, analytical and numerical studies. Progress in numerical methods has permitted the solution of many practical problems, helping to improve our understanding of the physics involved. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology and the range of related problems of interest is vast, including astrophysics, biology, geophysics, atmospheric process, and many areas of engineering.The papers in the book cover a number of topics, including: Experimental measurements; Numerical methods; Multiphase flows and Flow in porous media.

Including papers from the 9th edition of the International Conference on Computational Methods and Experiments in Material and Contact Characterisation this volume presents the work of selected researchers on the subject. Material and contact characterisation is a rapidly advancing field and this volume contains the latest research. Of particular interest to industry and society is the knowledge of surface treatment and contact mechanics of these materials to determine the in-service behaviour of components subject to contact conditions. Modern society requires systems that operate at conditions that use resources effectively. In terms of components durability, the understanding of surface engineering wear frictional and lubrication dynamics has never been so important.Current research is focussed on modification technologies that can increase the surface durability of materials. The characteristics of the system reveal which surface engineering methods should be chosen and as a consequence it is essential to study the combination of surface treatment and contact mechanics.The accurate characterisation of the physical and chemical properties of materials requires the application of both experimental techniques and computer simulation methods in order to gain a correct analysis. A very wide range of materials, starting with metals through polymers and semiconductors to composites, necessitates a whole spectrum of characteristic experimental techniques and research methods.The papers in the book cover a number of topics, including: Experimental approaches; Recycled materials; Metallic materials; Mechanical properties; Mechanical and thermal properties; Composite materials; Materials for bioengineering applications; Performance based design materials and Numerical models.

Formed of papers presented at the 20th International Conference on Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, this volume provides a view of the latest work on the interaction between computational methods and experiments.The continuous improvement in computer efficiency, coupled with diminishing costs and the rapid development of numerical procedures have generated an ever-increasing expansion of computational simulations that permeate all fields of science and technology. As these procedures continue to grow in magnitude and complexity, it is essential to validate their results to be certain of their reliability. This can be achieved by performing dedicated and accurate experiments, which have undergone constant and enormous development. At the same time, current experimental techniques have become more complex and sophisticated so that they require the intensive use of computers, both for running experiments as well as acquiring and processing the resulting data.Some of the subject areas covered are: Fluid flow studies and experiments; Structural and stress analysis; Materials characterization; Electromagnetic problems; Structural integrity; Destructive and non-destructive testing; Heat transfer and thermal processes; Advances in computational methods; Automotive applications; Aerospace applications; Ocean engineering and marine structures; Fluid structure interaction; Bio-electromagnetics; Process simulations; Environmental monitoring, modelling and applications; Validation of computer modelling; Data and signal processing; Virtual testing and verification; Electromagnetic compatibility; Life cycle assessment.

Structural Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture XVIIThe importance of retaining the built cultural heritage cannot be overstated. Rapid development and inappropriate conservation techniques are threatening many heritage unique sites in different parts of the world.Selected papers presented at the 17th International Conference on Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture are included in this volume. They address a series of topics related to the historical aspects and the reuse of heritage buildings, as well as technical issues on the structural integrity of different types of buildings, such as those constructed with materials as varied as iron and steel, concrete, masonry, wood or earth.Restoration processes require the appropriate characterisation of those materials, the modes of construction and the structural behaviour of the building. This knowledge can be gained through a series of material characterisation techniques, preferably via non-destructive tests. Modern computer simulation can provide accurate results demonstrating the stress state of the building and possible failure mechanisms affecting its stability. Of particular importance are studies related to their dynamic and earthquake behaviour aiming to provide an assessment of the seismic vulnerability of heritage buildings.Contributions originate from scientists, architects, engineers and restoration experts from all over the world and deal with different aspects of heritage buildings, including how to formulate regulatory policies, to ensure effective ways of preserving the architectural heritage.Earthquake Resistant Engineering Structures XIIIPapers presented at the 13th International Conference on Earthquake Resistant Engineering Structures form this volume and cover basic and applied research in the various fields of earthquake engineering relevant to the design of structures.Major earthquakes and associated effects such as tsunamis continue to stress the need to carry out more research on those topics. The problems will intensify as population pressure results in buildings in regions of high seismic vulnerability. A better understanding of these phenomena is required to design earthquake resistant structures and to carry out risk assessments and vulnerability studies.The problem of protecting the built environment in earthquake-prone regions involves not only the optimal design and construction of new facilities but also the upgrading and rehabilitation of existing structures including heritage buildings. The type of highly specialized retrofitting employed to protect the built heritage is an important area of research.The included papers cover such topics as Seismic hazard and tsunamis; Building performance during earthquakes; Structural vulnerability; Seismic isolation and energy dissipation; Passive earthquake protection systems.

This book is dedicated to the study of an aeroelastic phenomenon of cable-supported long-span bridges known as flutter, and proposes very innovative design methodologies, such as sensitivity analysis and optimization techniques, already utilized successfully in automobile and aerospace industries. The topic of long-span suspension and cable-stayed bridges is currently of great importance. These types of bridge pose great technical difficulties due to their slenderness and often great dimension. Therefore, these bridges tend to have problems caused by natural forces such as wind loads, some of which we have witnessed in our history, and we are currently seeing a very high incidence of bridge construction to overcome geographical obstacles such as bays, straits, or great estuaries. Therefore, it seems very appropriate to write a book showing the current capability of analysis and design, when up until now, the information could only be found partially in technical articles. This book will be useful for bridge design engineers as well as researchers working in the field.This book only requires previous knowledge of structural finite element models and dynamics, and it is advisable to have some previous knowledge in bridge engineering.Nevertheless, this book is very self-contained in such a way that all the information necessary to understand the theoretical developments is presented without the need of additional bibliography.