The two volume set LNCS 6938 and LNCS 6939 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2011, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in September 2011. The 68 revised full papers and 46 poster papers presented together with 30 papers in the special tracks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 240 submissions. The papers of part I (LNCS 6938) are organized in computational bioimaging, computer graphics, motion and tracking, segmentation, visualization; mapping modeling and surface reconstruction, biomedical imaging, computer graphics, interactive visualization in novel and heterogeneous display environments, object detection and recognition. Part II (LNCS 6939) comprises topics such as immersive visualization, applications, object detection and recognition, virtual reality, and best practices in teaching visual computing.

The two volume set LNCS 6938 and LNCS 6939 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2011, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in September 2011. The 68 revised full papers and 46 poster papers presented together with 30 papers in the special tracks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 240 submissions. The papers of part I (LNCS 6938) are organized in computational bioimaging, computer graphics, motion and tracking, segmentation, visualization; mapping modeling and surface reconstruction, biomedical imaging, computer graphics, interactive visualization in novel and heterogeneous display environments, object detection and recognition. Part II (LNCS 6939) comprises topics such as immersive visualization, applications, object detection and recognition, virtual reality, and best practices in teaching visual computing.

The two volume set LNCS 6938 and LNCS 6939 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2011, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in September 2011. The 68 revised full papers and 46 poster papers presented together with 30 papers in the special tracks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 240 submissions. The papers of part I (LNCS 6938) are organized in computational bioimaging, computer graphics, motion and tracking, segmentation, visualization; mapping modeling and surface reconstruction, biomedical imaging, computer graphics, interactive visualization in novel and heterogeneous display environments, object detection and recognition. Part II (LNCS 6939) comprises topics such as immersive visualization, applications, object detection and recognition, virtual reality, and best practices in teaching visual computing.

The two volume set LNCS 6938 and LNCS 6939 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2011, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in September 2011. The 68 revised full papers and 46 poster papers presented together with 30 papers in the special tracks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 240 submissions. The papers of part I (LNCS 6938) are organized in computational bioimaging, computer graphics, motion and tracking, segmentation, visualization; mapping modeling and surface reconstruction, biomedical imaging, computer graphics, interactive visualization in novel and heterogeneous display environments, object detection and recognition. Part II (LNCS 6939) comprises topics such as immersive visualization, applications, object detection and recognition, virtual reality, and best practices in teaching visual computing.

This book presents the latest research findings and state-of-the-art solutions on optimization techniques and provides new research direction and developments. Both the theoretical and practical aspects of the book will be much beneficial to experts and students in optimization and operation research community. It selects high quality papers from The International Conference on Optimization: Techniques and Applications (ICOTA2013). The conference is an official conference series of POP (The Pacific Optimization Research Activity Group; there are over 500 active members). These state-of-the-art works in this book authored by recognized experts will make contributions to the development of optimization with its applications.

This book presents the latest research findings and state-of-the-art solutions on optimization techniques and provides new research direction and developments. Both the theoretical and practical aspects of the book will be much beneficial to experts and students in optimization and operation research community. It selects high quality papers from The International Conference on Optimization: Techniques and Applications (ICOTA2013). The conference is an official conference series of POP (The Pacific Optimization Research Activity Group; there are over 500 active members). These state-of-the-art works in this book authored by recognized experts will make contributions to the development of optimization with its applications.

This book presents the latest research findings and state-of-the-art solutions on optimization techniques and provides new research direction and developments. Both the theoretical and practical aspects of the book will be much beneficial to experts and students in optimization and operation research community. It selects high quality papers from The International Conference on Optimization: Techniques and Applications (ICOTA2013). The conference is an official conference series of POP (The Pacific Optimization Research Activity Group; there are over 500 active members). These state-of-the-art works in this book authored by recognized experts will make contributions to the development of optimization with its applications.

This book contains mostly the author’s up-to-date research results in the area. Option pricing has attracted much attention in the past decade from applied mathematicians, statisticians, practitioners and educators. Many partial differential equation-based theoretical models have been developed for valuing various options. These models do not have any practical use unless their solutions can be found. However, most of these models are far too complex to solve analytically and numerical approximations have to be sought in practice. The contents of the book consist of three parts: (i) basic theory of stochastic control and formulation of various option pricing models, (ii) design of finite volume, finite difference and penalty-based algorithms for solving the models and (iii) stability and convergence analysis of the algorithms. It also contains extensive numerical experiments demonstrating how these algorithms perform for practical problems.  The theoretical and numericalresults demonstrate these algorithms provide efficient, accurate and easy-to-implement numerical tools for financial engineers to price options.This book is appealing to researchers in financial engineering, optimal control and operations research. Financial engineers and practitioners will also find the book helpful in practice.

This book contains mostly the author’s up-to-date research results in the area. Option pricing has attracted much attention in the past decade from applied mathematicians, statisticians, practitioners and educators. Many partial differential equation-based theoretical models have been developed for valuing various options. These models do not have any practical use unless their solutions can be found. However, most of these models are far too complex to solve analytically and numerical approximations have to be sought in practice.

The contents of the book consist of three parts: (i) basic theory of stochastic control and formulation of various option pricing models, (ii) design of finite volume, finite difference and penalty-based algorithms for solving the models and (iii) stability and convergence analysis of the algorithms. It also contains extensive numerical experiments demonstrating how these algorithms perform for practical problems.  The theoretical and numericalresults demonstrate these algorithms provide efficient, accurate and easy-to-implement numerical tools for financial engineers to price options.

This book is appealing to researchers in financial engineering, optimal control and operations research. Financial engineers and practitioners will also find the book helpful in practice.

Fractional optimal control problems (FOCPs) are a generalization of the conventional optimal control problems of integer order in the sense that the dynamics are governed by fractional systems.  FOCPs arise in many fields such as mathematics, engineering, biology, economics, finance and management. It is often impossible to obtain analytical solutions of nonlinear FOCPs in general. Thus, establishing optimization theory and finding effective numerical methods for nonlinear FOCPs have become an active research topic. In this book, we will investigate the optimality theories and numerical solution methods of a variety of nonlinear FOCPs including delay nonlinear FOCP, free final time nonlinear FOCP, robust nonlinear FOCP, nonlinear FOCPs with Atangan-Baleanu derivatives and nonlinear FOCPs with conformable derivatives.Numerical solution of fractional optimal control has been an emerging research topic which has attracted much attention in the past few years from both researchers and practitioners, as advances in this area will be very useful for solving real-world optimal control problems which cannot be solved using conventional methods. The objective of this book is to present systematically various fractional optimal control problems of practical importance. By bringing forward fresh novel methods and innovative tools, we are to provide a state-of-the-art and comprehensive systematic treatment of nonlinear fractional optimal control problems, mostly from our previous research results. This can not only develop fractional systems, optimal control theory, and optimization algorithms but also serve as a reference for applied and computational of optimal control problems.The book will be attractive to researchers in various fields of mathematics, control theory and engineering and practitioners who wants to solve their real-life fractional optimal control problems. Graduate students in related fields will also find this book useful for their training and research.

Fractional optimal control problems (FOCPs) are a generalization of the conventional optimal control problems of integer order in the sense that the dynamics are governed by fractional systems.  FOCPs arise in many fields such as mathematics, engineering, biology, economics, finance and management. It is often impossible to obtain analytical solutions of nonlinear FOCPs in general. Thus, establishing optimization theory and finding effective numerical methods for nonlinear FOCPs have become an active research topic. In this book, we will investigate the optimality theories and numerical solution methods of a variety of nonlinear FOCPs including delay nonlinear FOCP, free final time nonlinear FOCP, robust nonlinear FOCP, nonlinear FOCPs with Atangan-Baleanu derivatives and nonlinear FOCPs with conformable derivatives.Numerical solution of fractional optimal control has been an emerging research topic which has attracted much attention in the past few years from both researchers and practitioners, as advances in this area will be very useful for solving real-world optimal control problems which cannot be solved using conventional methods. The objective of this book is to present systematically various fractional optimal control problems of practical importance. By bringing forward fresh novel methods and innovative tools, we are to provide a state-of-the-art and comprehensive systematic treatment of nonlinear fractional optimal control problems, mostly from our previous research results. This can not only develop fractional systems, optimal control theory, and optimization algorithms but also serve as a reference for applied and computational of optimal control problems.The book will be attractive to researchers in various fields of mathematics, control theory and engineering and practitioners who wants to solve their real-life fractional optimal control problems. Graduate students in related fields will also find this book useful for their training and research.

The two volume set LNCS 6938 and LNCS 6939 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2011, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in September 2011. The 68 revised full papers and 46 poster papers presented together with 30 papers in the special tracks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 240 submissions. The papers of part I (LNCS 6938) are organized in computational bioimaging, computer graphics, motion and tracking, segmentation, visualization; mapping modeling and surface reconstruction, biomedical imaging, computer graphics, interactive visualization in novel and heterogeneous display environments, object detection and recognition. Part II (LNCS 6939) comprises topics such as immersive visualization, applications, object detection and recognition, virtual reality, and best practices in teaching visual computing.

The two volume set LNCS 6938 and LNCS 6939 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2011, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in September 2011. The 68 revised full papers and 46 poster papers presented together with 30 papers in the special tracks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 240 submissions. The papers of part I (LNCS 6938) are organized in computational bioimaging, computer graphics, motion and tracking, segmentation, visualization; mapping modeling and surface reconstruction, biomedical imaging, computer graphics, interactive visualization in novel and heterogeneous display environments, object detection and recognition. Part II (LNCS 6939) comprises topics such as immersive visualization, applications, object detection and recognition, virtual reality, and best practices in teaching visual computing.

The two volume set LNCS 6938 and LNCS 6939 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2011, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in September 2011. The 68 revised full papers and 46 poster papers presented together with 30 papers in the special tracks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 240 submissions. The papers of part I (LNCS 6938) are organized in computational bioimaging, computer graphics, motion and tracking, segmentation, visualization; mapping modeling and surface reconstruction, biomedical imaging, computer graphics, interactive visualization in novel and heterogeneous display environments, object detection and recognition. Part II (LNCS 6939) comprises topics such as immersive visualization, applications, object detection and recognition, virtual reality, and best practices in teaching visual computing.

The two volume set LNCS 6938 and LNCS 6939 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2011, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in September 2011. The 68 revised full papers and 46 poster papers presented together with 30 papers in the special tracks were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 240 submissions. The papers of part I (LNCS 6938) are organized in computational bioimaging, computer graphics, motion and tracking, segmentation, visualization; mapping modeling and surface reconstruction, biomedical imaging, computer graphics, interactive visualization in novel and heterogeneous display environments, object detection and recognition. Part II (LNCS 6939) comprises topics such as immersive visualization, applications, object detection and recognition, virtual reality, and best practices in teaching visual computing.

This book presents the latest research findings and state-of-the-art solutions on optimization techniques and provides new research direction and developments. Both the theoretical and practical aspects of the book will be much beneficial to experts and students in optimization and operation research community. It selects high quality papers from The International Conference on Optimization: Techniques and Applications (ICOTA2013). The conference is an official conference series of POP (The Pacific Optimization Research Activity Group; there are over 500 active members). These state-of-the-art works in this book authored by recognized experts will make contributions to the development of optimization with its applications.

This book presents the latest research findings and state-of-the-art solutions on optimization techniques and provides new research direction and developments. Both the theoretical and practical aspects of the book will be much beneficial to experts and students in optimization and operation research community. It selects high quality papers from The International Conference on Optimization: Techniques and Applications (ICOTA2013). The conference is an official conference series of POP (The Pacific Optimization Research Activity Group; there are over 500 active members). These state-of-the-art works in this book authored by recognized experts will make contributions to the development of optimization with its applications.

This book presents the latest research findings and state-of-the-art solutions on optimization techniques and provides new research direction and developments. Both the theoretical and practical aspects of the book will be much beneficial to experts and students in optimization and operation research community. It selects high quality papers from The International Conference on Optimization: Techniques and Applications (ICOTA2013). The conference is an official conference series of POP (The Pacific Optimization Research Activity Group; there are over 500 active members). These state-of-the-art works in this book authored by recognized experts will make contributions to the development of optimization with its applications.

This book contains mostly the author’s up-to-date research results in the area. Option pricing has attracted much attention in the past decade from applied mathematicians, statisticians, practitioners and educators. Many partial differential equation-based theoretical models have been developed for valuing various options. These models do not have any practical use unless their solutions can be found. However, most of these models are far too complex to solve analytically and numerical approximations have to be sought in practice. The contents of the book consist of three parts: (i) basic theory of stochastic control and formulation of various option pricing models, (ii) design of finite volume, finite difference and penalty-based algorithms for solving the models and (iii) stability and convergence analysis of the algorithms. It also contains extensive numerical experiments demonstrating how these algorithms perform for practical problems.  The theoretical and numericalresults demonstrate these algorithms provide efficient, accurate and easy-to-implement numerical tools for financial engineers to price options.This book is appealing to researchers in financial engineering, optimal control and operations research. Financial engineers and practitioners will also find the book helpful in practice.

This book contains mostly the author’s up-to-date research results in the area. Option pricing has attracted much attention in the past decade from applied mathematicians, statisticians, practitioners and educators. Many partial differential equation-based theoretical models have been developed for valuing various options. These models do not have any practical use unless their solutions can be found. However, most of these models are far too complex to solve analytically and numerical approximations have to be sought in practice.

The contents of the book consist of three parts: (i) basic theory of stochastic control and formulation of various option pricing models, (ii) design of finite volume, finite difference and penalty-based algorithms for solving the models and (iii) stability and convergence analysis of the algorithms. It also contains extensive numerical experiments demonstrating how these algorithms perform for practical problems.  The theoretical and numericalresults demonstrate these algorithms provide efficient, accurate and easy-to-implement numerical tools for financial engineers to price options.

This book is appealing to researchers in financial engineering, optimal control and operations research. Financial engineers and practitioners will also find the book helpful in practice.

Fractional optimal control problems (FOCPs) are a generalization of the conventional optimal control problems of integer order in the sense that the dynamics are governed by fractional systems.  FOCPs arise in many fields such as mathematics, engineering, biology, economics, finance and management. It is often impossible to obtain analytical solutions of nonlinear FOCPs in general. Thus, establishing optimization theory and finding effective numerical methods for nonlinear FOCPs have become an active research topic. In this book, we will investigate the optimality theories and numerical solution methods of a variety of nonlinear FOCPs including delay nonlinear FOCP, free final time nonlinear FOCP, robust nonlinear FOCP, nonlinear FOCPs with Atangan-Baleanu derivatives and nonlinear FOCPs with conformable derivatives.Numerical solution of fractional optimal control has been an emerging research topic which has attracted much attention in the past few years from both researchers and practitioners, as advances in this area will be very useful for solving real-world optimal control problems which cannot be solved using conventional methods. The objective of this book is to present systematically various fractional optimal control problems of practical importance. By bringing forward fresh novel methods and innovative tools, we are to provide a state-of-the-art and comprehensive systematic treatment of nonlinear fractional optimal control problems, mostly from our previous research results. This can not only develop fractional systems, optimal control theory, and optimization algorithms but also serve as a reference for applied and computational of optimal control problems.The book will be attractive to researchers in various fields of mathematics, control theory and engineering and practitioners who wants to solve their real-life fractional optimal control problems. Graduate students in related fields will also find this book useful for their training and research.

Fractional optimal control problems (FOCPs) are a generalization of the conventional optimal control problems of integer order in the sense that the dynamics are governed by fractional systems.  FOCPs arise in many fields such as mathematics, engineering, biology, economics, finance and management. It is often impossible to obtain analytical solutions of nonlinear FOCPs in general. Thus, establishing optimization theory and finding effective numerical methods for nonlinear FOCPs have become an active research topic. In this book, we will investigate the optimality theories and numerical solution methods of a variety of nonlinear FOCPs including delay nonlinear FOCP, free final time nonlinear FOCP, robust nonlinear FOCP, nonlinear FOCPs with Atangan-Baleanu derivatives and nonlinear FOCPs with conformable derivatives.Numerical solution of fractional optimal control has been an emerging research topic which has attracted much attention in the past few years from both researchers and practitioners, as advances in this area will be very useful for solving real-world optimal control problems which cannot be solved using conventional methods. The objective of this book is to present systematically various fractional optimal control problems of practical importance. By bringing forward fresh novel methods and innovative tools, we are to provide a state-of-the-art and comprehensive systematic treatment of nonlinear fractional optimal control problems, mostly from our previous research results. This can not only develop fractional systems, optimal control theory, and optimization algorithms but also serve as a reference for applied and computational of optimal control problems.The book will be attractive to researchers in various fields of mathematics, control theory and engineering and practitioners who wants to solve their real-life fractional optimal control problems. Graduate students in related fields will also find this book useful for their training and research.