Stefan Pfander – författare

This volume embarks on an exploration of the processual and dynamic character of grammatical constructions in emergence, both from an ‘emergent’ and an ‘emerging’ perspective. ‘Emerging’ constructions develop out of their discourse contexts. Talking of emerging constructions is compatible with a view of grammar as a stable system of rules and structures which may ‘emerge’ (i.e., come into existence) out of a pool of previously unordered elements. ‘Emergent’ constructions on the contrary are due to the on-line production of grammar in time. The term ‘emergent’ emphasises the fact that a grammatical structure is always temporary and ephemeral. In both senses, grammar is modelled as a highly adaptive resource for interaction.

On the basis of empirical studies on spoken English, German, Hebrew, Swedish and French, the volume addresses the following questions: How can what initially appears to be construction x end up being construction y in on-line syntax? What are the local interactional needs which such processes respond to in the process of their emergence? Does the on-line (re-)modelling of a construction concern its syntactic or semantic side ‑ or both? And finally: Should emergent grammatical structures as they unfold in real time be seen as stages in the emerging of grammar?

Modern contact linguistics has primarily focused on contact between languages that are genetically unrelated and structurally distant. This compendium of articles looks instead at the effects of pre–existing structural congruency between the affected languages at the time of their initial contact, using the Romance and Slavic languages as examples. In contact of this kind, both genetic and typological similarities play a part.

Frequency has been identified as one of the most influential factors in language processing, and plays a major role in usage-based models of language learning and language change. The research presented in this volume challenges established models of linguistic representation. Instead of learning and processing language compositionally, larger units and co-occurence relations are at work. The main point taken by the authors is that by studying the effect of distributional patterns and changes in such patterns we can establish a unified framework that explains the dynamics of language systems with a limited set of processing factors.

Modern contact linguistics has primarily focused on contact between languages that are genetically unrelated and structurally distant. This compendium of articles looks instead at the effects of pre–existing structural congruency between the affected languages at the time of their initial contact, using the Romance and Slavic languages as examples. In contact of this kind, both genetic and typological similarities play a part.

Frequency has been identified as one of the most influential factors in language processing, and plays a major role in usage-based models of language learning and language change. The research presented in this volume challenges established models of linguistic representation. Instead of learning and processing language compositionally, larger units and co-occurence relations are at work. The main point taken by the authors is that by studying the effect of distributional patterns and changes in such patterns we can establish a unified framework that explains the dynamics of language systems with a limited set of processing factors.

Der vorliegende Band macht Elisabeth Gülichs Einzelveröffentlichungen in unterschiedlichen disziplinären Kontexten wie Linguistik, Medizin, Psychotherapie, Soziologie u.a. nicht nur leichter zugänglich, sondern ermöglicht außerdem interdisziplinäre Perspektiven auf das mündliche Erzählen in der Zusammenschau: Erzählen im Alltag, Erzählen von Krankheitserfahrungen in Arzt-Patient-Gesprächen, die Herausforderung, "Unbeschreibbares" zur Sprache zu bringen, das wiederholte Erzählen der gleichen Begebenheit und die Beschreibung sprachlicher Verfahren zur Erweiterung der Differenzialdiagnostik bei der Behandlung von Angst- und Anfallserkrankungen.Elisabeth Gülich ist emeritierte Universitätsprofessorin für Romanistik/Linguistik an der der Universität Bielefeld. Lehr- und Forschungsaufenthalte führten sie an verschiedene Universitäten (u.a. Köln, Freie Universität Berlin, Lyon 2, Paris 8, Wien, Jyväskylä, Debrecen, Buenos Aires). Zu ihren Forschungsschwerpunkten gehören gesprochene Sprache, Textlinguistik, Erzählforschung und Konversationsanalyse. Seit einigen Jahren arbeitet sie vorwiegend mit interdisziplinären Gruppen im Bereich medizinischer Kommunikation; im Zentrum steht die Analyse mündlicher Erzählungen von Krankheitserfahrungen.

This book takes a fresh approach to analysing how new languages are created, combining in-depth colonial history and empirical, usage-based linguistics. Focusing on a rarely studied language, the authors employ this dual methodology to reconstruct how multilingual individuals drew on their perception of Romance and West African languages to form French Guianese Creole. In doing so, they facilitate the application of a usage-based approach to language while simultaneously contributing significantly to the debate on creole origins. This innovative volume is sure to appeal to students and scholars of language history, creolisation and languages in contact.Chapter 3 is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.

En este volumen se describe un panorama del contacto lingüístico en la Romania americana desde una perspectiva doble:- Por un lado, se analiza, tanto sincrónica como diacrónicamente, una selección representativa de las constelaciones de contacto. Se incluyen diferentes zonas lingüísticas del continente americano, en especial de Sudamérica y el Caribe: Argentina, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, Haití, Paraguay, República Dominicana, etc. Objeto de análisis son tanto los contactos entre lenguas de distintos tipos y familias como entre variedades de una misma lengua; de esta forma se considera la interacción de las lenguas románicas con sus variedades, y también el contacto con lenguas amerindias, africanas y criollas.- Por otro lado, se brinda una visión de conjunto sobre algunos conceptos teóricos y parámetros que han demostrado ser herramientas de análisis en la investigación lingüística en las áreas estudiadas. Algunos trabajos subrayan que un análisis apropiado sólo puede ser pluridimensional, es decir, se da relevancia a la relación entre diversos factores que interactúan en el contacto lingüístico: por ejemplo, las peculiaridades de las lenguas particulares en cuestión, factores cognitivos (y parcialmente universales) tales como la gramaticalización y la marcadez o la adquisición de lenguas, y aspectos comunicativos, como la oralidad o el estrato social.Los editores intentan esclarecer la influencia mutua entre dimensiones diversas, destacando la convergencia como concepto primordial en este contexto. La idea central del presente volumen, clave para la investigación de la pluridimensionalidad, consiste en que el contacto lingüístico es primeramente contacto entre hablantes que coactúan en una determinada situación: se trata de la lengua "en movimiento".