Takabumi Hayashi – författare

Three important developments underscore the internationalization of R&D since the early 1990s. First, MNCs from North America, Europe and Japan have increased their cross-border investments in R&D. Second, the roles played by the overseas R&D facilities of these MNCs have evolved from primarily acting as "technology transfer agents from the parent company to the host country" to that of a "resource for the development of technologies for the local, regional, and world markets." Third, MNCs are beginning to integrate their research activities on a global scale and a number of MNCs have established global R&D networks. This volume sheds light on the internationalization of R&D for research and technology management and international business scholars, industrial R&D practitioners, and government policymakers. Drawing on contributions from North American, European, and Japanese researchers, the volume addresses the above-mentioned three key developments and related topics on the internationalization of R&D, including investment motivation, location decision, R&D networks, and the management and organization of R&D.

This book identifies the ongoing management issues and compatible management systems for sustainable and inclusive development in a transforming Asia.

This book identifies the ongoing management issues and compatible management systems for sustainable and inclusive development in a transforming Asia.

The major objective of this book is to introduce social business models to face the challenge of social issues in emerging countries. Each chapter clarifies business strategies based on diligent field surveys in developing nations, focusing on Bangladesh and the Philippines, where social issues in the age of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are concentrated. The field surveys enable the effective construction of a sophisticated hybrid value chain by connecting a sustainable business ecosystem of local value chains with global value chains. Joint social business entities formed between local NGOs and foreign companies, multinational corporations with global value chains, among others, appear to be the keystones.In Part I, the case of Grameen Euglena in Bangladesh and that of Sari-Sari stores leveraging micro-financing in the Philippines, along with other interesting cases, are analyzed as effective social business models. Analysis also shows that the IT service industryin emerging countries helps to enlarge formal sectors so as to absorb younger generations into informal sectors. The e-health service business in Bangladesh and the business process outsourcing (BPO) IT service industry in the Philippines are examined in each part of the book. Part II, particularly, shows that IT and the digital technology-based service industry can lead to a new industrial development path in these countries instead of the conventional one based on manufacturing. In other words, digital technology-based service industries, as formal sectors, can absorb working people from informal sectors. As a result, poverty issues which form a key issue in SDGS will be alleviated.This book is highly recommended not only to academicians but also to businesspeople who seek an in-depth and up-to-date overview of new sustainable and inclusive businesses in the age of SDGs.

The major objective of this book is to introduce social business models to face the challenge of social issues in emerging countries. Each chapter clarifies business strategies based on diligent field surveys in developing nations, focusing on Bangladesh and the Philippines, where social issues in the age of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are concentrated. The field surveys enable the effective construction of a sophisticated hybrid value chain by connecting a sustainable business ecosystem of local value chains with global value chains. Joint social business entities formed between local NGOs and foreign companies, multinational corporations with global value chains, among others, appear to be the keystones.In Part I, the case of Grameen Euglena in Bangladesh and that of Sari-Sari stores leveraging micro-financing in the Philippines, along with other interesting cases, are analyzed as effective social business models. Analysis also shows that the IT service industryin emerging countries helps to enlarge formal sectors so as to absorb younger generations into informal sectors. The e-health service business in Bangladesh and the business process outsourcing (BPO) IT service industry in the Philippines are examined in each part of the book. Part II, particularly, shows that IT and the digital technology-based service industry can lead to a new industrial development path in these countries instead of the conventional one based on manufacturing. In other words, digital technology-based service industries, as formal sectors, can absorb working people from informal sectors. As a result, poverty issues which form a key issue in SDGS will be alleviated.This book is highly recommended not only to academicians but also to businesspeople who seek an in-depth and up-to-date overview of new sustainable and inclusive businesses in the age of SDGs.

This book provides some new ideas on the conceptualization of a shift in technological paradigm, and it explores in depth the relevance of this concept for research on innovation systems. It examines text-mining software and analyzes patent data as well as academic and business journals to illustrate the paradigm shift of newly emerging technologies, such as the all-solid-state battery and automatic driving for electric vehicles, and surgical robots. It also explores the critical role of emerging software technologies by examining US, EU, and Japanese patent statistics.Highlighting the paradigm shift of technologies since the 1990s and the geographical dispersion of innovative capabilities, it identifies essential trends toward new innovation systems as well as the concentration and dispersion of national and corporate R&D capabilities that have taken place as a result.In this new paradigm, the competitiveness of a company is decisively determined by other innovations in systems and management. Since the 1990s, when a network economy began to be established and technological know-how came to be easily transferred across borders, the changing structure of technological activities has required organizations with traditional integral and closed architecture models to move toward open innovation or modular architectures. These changes involve wider technological areas and cognitive diversity among international inter-firm and intra-firm R&D networks.This book is highly recommended not only to academicians but also to business people seeking an in-depth and up-to-date overview of the paradigm shift of technologies and new innovation systems.

This book provides some new ideas on the conceptualization of a shift in technological paradigm, and it explores in depth the relevance of this concept for research on innovation systems. It examines text-mining software and analyzes patent data as well as academic and business journals to illustrate the paradigm shift of newly emerging technologies, such as the all-solid-state battery and automatic driving for electric vehicles, and surgical robots. It also explores the critical role of emerging software technologies by examining US, EU, and Japanese patent statistics.Highlighting the paradigm shift of technologies since the 1990s and the geographical dispersion of innovative capabilities, it identifies essential trends toward new innovation systems as well as the concentration and dispersion of national and corporate R&D capabilities that have taken place as a result.In this new paradigm, the competitiveness of a company is decisively determined by other innovations in systems and management. Since the 1990s, when a network economy began to be established and technological know-how came to be easily transferred across borders, the changing structure of technological activities has required organizations with traditional integral and closed architecture models to move toward open innovation or modular architectures. These changes involve wider technological areas and cognitive diversity among international inter-firm and intra-firm R&D networks.This book is highly recommended not only to academicians but also to business people seeking an in-depth and up-to-date overview of the paradigm shift of technologies and new innovation systems.

This book uses case studies to analyze how companies have implemented business strategies to adapt from analogue to digital, from hardware-based to software-based, and from incremental to radical innovation, in the new-generation competition. Through this analysis, the distinctive features and challenges of these companies are examined from the perspective of innovation strategy, focusing on dynamic capabilities of the companies. A major objective of this monograph is to identify the key determinants that make up the dynamic capabilities of the companies in international competitive marketplaces. In other words, the analytical focus is on clarifying the consistency and differences between the representative dynamic capability theory and the innovation strategies of companies examined in this study. It also presents management strategies from the perspective of “organizational transformation” when confronting companies with cost-competitive and innovative resources.The common feature of the studied companies is that entrepreneurial managers and leaders have played the critical roles in creating new business units with organizational transformation. The book demonstrates the differences in innovation strategies from those of typical companies previously analyzed. This book is highly recommended not only to academicians but to businesspeople who seek an in-depth and up-to-date overview of unique innovation strategies of companies that are leaders in global markets.

This is the first book to fully explain the changing management and business models in the current era of important new developments in knowledge and information occurring all over the world.