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In most mainstream traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism, women have for centuries largely been excluded from positions of religious and ritual leadership. However, as this volume shows, in an increasing number of late-20th-century and early-21st-century contexts, women can and do undergo monastic and priestly education; they can receive ordination/initiation as Buddhist nuns or Hindu priestesses; and they are accepted as religious and political leaders. Even though these processes still take place largely outside or at the margins of traditional religious institutions, it is clear that women are actually establishing new religious trends and currents. They are attracting followers, and they are occupying religious positions on par with men. At times women are filling a void left behind by male religious specialists who left the profession, and at times they are perceived as their rivals. In some cases, this process takes place in collaboration with male religious specialists, in others against the will of the women's male counterparts. However, in most cases we see both acceptance and resistance. Whether silently or with great fanfare, women are grasping new opportunities to occupy positions of leadership. This book offers ten in-depth case studies analysing culturally, historically, and geographically unique situations in order to explore the historical background, contemporary trajectories, and impact of the emergence of new and powerful forms of female agency in mostly conservative Hindu and Buddhist religious traditions.

In most mainstream traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism, women have for centuries largely been excluded from positions of religious and ritual leadership. However, as this volume shows, in an increasing number of late-20th-century and early-21st-century contexts, women can and do undergo monastic and priestly education; they can receive ordination/initiation as Buddhist nuns or Hindu priestesses; and they are accepted as religious and political leaders. Even though these processes still take place largely outside or at the margins of traditional religious institutions, it is clear that women are actually establishing new religious trends and currents. They are attracting followers, and they are occupying religious positions on par with men. At times women are filling a void left behind by male religious specialists who left the profession, and at times they are perceived as their rivals. In some cases, this process takes place in collaboration with male religious specialists, in others against the will of the women''s male counterparts. However, in most cases we see both acceptance and resistance. Whether silently or with great fanfare, women are grasping new opportunities to occupy positions of leadership. This book offers ten in-depth case studies analysing culturally, historically, and geographically unique situations in order to explore the historical background, contemporary trajectories, and impact of the emergence of new and powerful forms of female agency in mostly conservative Hindu and Buddhist religious traditions.

In most mainstream traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism, women have for centuries largely been excluded from positions of religious and ritual leadership. However, as this volume shows, in an increasing number of late-20th-century and early-21st-century contexts, women can and do undergo monastic and priestly education; they can receive ordination/initiation as Buddhist nuns or Hindu priestesses; and they are accepted as religious and political leaders. Even though these processes still take place largely outside or at the margins of traditional religious institutions, it is clear that women are actually establishing new religious trends and currents. They are attracting followers, and they are occupying religious positions on par with men. At times women are filling a void left behind by male religious specialists who left the profession, and at times they are perceived as their rivals. In some cases, this process takes place in collaboration with male religious specialists, in others against the will of the women''s male counterparts. However, in most cases we see both acceptance and resistance. Whether silently or with great fanfare, women are grasping new opportunities to occupy positions of leadership. This book offers ten in-depth case studies analysing culturally, historically, and geographically unique situations in order to explore the historical background, contemporary trajectories, and impact of the emergence of new and powerful forms of female agency in mostly conservative Hindu and Buddhist religious traditions.

Although conflict is a normal aspect of human life, mass media technologies are changing the dynamics of conflict and shaping strategies for deploying rituals. Rituals can provoke or escalate conflict; they can also mediate it. Media representations have long been instrumental in establishing, maintaining, and challenging political and economic power, as well as in determining the nature of religious practice. This collection of essays emerged from a two-year project based on collaboration between the Faculty of Religious Studies at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands and the Ritual Dynamics Collaborative Research Center at the University of Heidelberg in Germany. Here, an interdisciplinary team of twenty-four scholars locates, describes, and explores cases in which media-driven rituals or ritually saturated media instigate, disseminate, or escalate conflict. Each chapter, built around global and local examples of ritualized, mediatized conflict, is multi-authored. The book's central question is: "When ritual and media interact (either by the mediatizing of ritual or by the ritualizing of media), how do the patterns of conflict change?"

Although conflict is a normal aspect of human life, mass media technologies are changing the dynamics of conflict and shaping strategies for deploying rituals. Rituals can provoke or escalate conflict; they can also mediate it. Media representations have long been instrumental in establishing, maintaining, and challenging political and economic power, as well as in determining the nature of religious practice. This collection of essays emerged from a two-year project based on collaboration between the Faculty of Religious Studies at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands and the Ritual Dynamics Collaborative Research Center at the University of Heidelberg in Germany. Here, an interdisciplinary team of twenty-four scholars locates, describes, and explores cases in which media-driven rituals or ritually saturated media instigate, disseminate, or escalate conflict. Each chapter, built around global and local examples of ritualized, mediatized conflict, is multi-authored. The book's central question is: "When ritual and media interact (either by the mediatizing of ritual or by the ritualizing of media), how do the patterns of conflict change?"

Ritual has been long viewed as an undisputed and indisputable part of (especially religious) tradition, performed over and over in the same ways: stable in form, meaningless, preconcieved, and with the aim of creating harmony and enabling a tradition''s survival. The authors represented in this collection argue, however, that this view can be seriously challenged and that ritual''s embeddedness in negotiation processes is one of its central features.

In common understanding, but also in scholarly discourse, ritual has been long viewed as an undisputed and indisputable part of (especially religious) tradition, performed over and over in the same ways: stable in form, meaningless, preconcieved, and with the aim of creating harmony and enabling a tradition's survival. The authors represented in this collection argue, however, that these assumptions can be seriously challenged. Not only are rituals frequently disputed, they also constitute a field in which vital and sometimes even violent negotiations take place. Negotiations - here understood as processes of interaction during which differing positions are debated and/or acted out - are ubiquitous in ritual contexts, either in relation to the ritual itself, or in relation to the realm beyond any given ritual performance. The authors contend that a central feature of ritual is its embeddedness in negotiation processes and that life beyond the ritual frame often is negotiated in the field of rituals. This point of view opens up fruitful new perspectives on ritual procedures, on the interactions that constitute these procedures, and on the contexts in which they are embedded. By explicitly addressing and theorizing the relevance of negotiation in the world of ritual, the essays in this volume seek to persuade scholars and students alike to think differently and to find new starting points for more nuanced discussions.

Rituals can provoke or escalate conflict, but they can also mediate it and although conflict is a normal aspect of human life, mass media technologies are changing the dynamics of conflict and shaping strategies for deploying rituals. This collection of essays emerged from a two-year project based on collaboration between the Faculty of Religious Studies at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands and the Ritual Dynamics Collaborative Research Center at the University of Heidelberg in Germany. An interdisciplinary team of twenty-four scholars locates, describes, and explores cases in which media-driven rituals or ritually saturated media instigate, disseminate, or escalate conflict. Each multi-authored chapter is built around global and local examples of ritualized, mediatized conflict. The book''s central question is: "When ritual and media interact (either by the mediatizing of ritual or by the ritualizing of media), how do the patterns of conflict change?"

Rituals can provoke or escalate conflict, but they can also mediate it and although conflict is a normal aspect of human life, mass media technologies are changing the dynamics of conflict and shaping strategies for deploying rituals. This collection of essays emerged from a two-year project based on collaboration between the Faculty of Religious Studies at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands and the Ritual Dynamics Collaborative Research Center at the University of Heidelberg in Germany. An interdisciplinary team of twenty-four scholars locates, describes, and explores cases in which media-driven rituals or ritually saturated media instigate, disseminate, or escalate conflict. Each multi-authored chapter is built around global and local examples of ritualized, mediatized conflict. The book''s central question is: "When ritual and media interact (either by the mediatizing of ritual or by the ritualizing of media), how do the patterns of conflict change?"

This book explores the interaction of rituals and ritualised practices utilising a cross-cultural approach. It discusses whether and why rituals are important today, and why they are possibly even more relevant than before.

The transformations Buddhism has been undergoing in the modern age have inspired much research over the last decade. The main focus of attention has been the phenomenon known as Buddhist modernism, which is defined as a conscious attempt to adjust Buddhist teachings and practices in conformity with the modern norms of rationality, science, or gender equality. This book advances research on Buddhist modernism by attempting to clarify the highly diverse ways in which Buddhist faith, thought, and practice have developed in the modern age, both in Buddhist heartlands in Asia and in the West. It presents a collection of case studies that, taken together, demonstrate how Buddhist traditions interact with modern phenomena such as colonialism and militarism, the market economy, global interconnectedness, the institutionalization of gender equality, and recent historical events such as de-industrialization and the socio-cultural crisis in post-Soviet Buddhist areas. This volume shows how the (re)invention of traditions constitutes an important pathway in the development of Buddhist modernities and emphasizes the pluralistic diversity of these forms in different settings.

This book explores the interaction of rituals and ritualised practices utilising a cross-cultural approach. It discusses whether and why rituals are important today, and why they are possibly even more relevant than before.

Focusing on complex entanglements of religion and gender from a diversity of perspectives, this book explores how women enact agencies in transcultural Hindu and Buddhist settings. The chapters draw on original, in-depth empirical research in various contexts in South Asian religious traditions. Today, in an increasing number of such contexts, women are able to undergo monastic and priestly education, receive ordination/initiation as nuns and priestesses, and are accepted as ascetic religious leaders. They are starting to establish new religious communities within conservative traditions, occupying religious leadership positions on par with men. This volume considers the historical background, contemporary trajectories, and potential impact of the emergence of these new and powerful female agencies in conservative South Asian religious traditions. It will be of particular interest to scholars of religion, women’s and gender studies, and South Asian studies.

Focusing on complex entanglements of religion and gender from a diversity of perspectives, this book explores how women enact agencies in transcultural Hindu and Buddhist settings. The chapters draw on original, in-depth empirical research in various contexts in South Asian religious traditions. Today, in an increasing number of such contexts, women are able to undergo monastic and priestly education, receive ordination/initiation as nuns and priestesses, and are accepted as ascetic religious leaders. They are starting to establish new religious communities within conservative traditions, occupying religious leadership positions on par with men. This volume considers the historical background, contemporary trajectories, and potential impact of the emergence of these new and powerful female agencies in conservative South Asian religious traditions. It will be of particular interest to scholars of religion, women’s and gender studies, and South Asian studies.

This book explores the interaction of rituals and ritualised practices utilising a cross-cultural approach. It discusses whether and why rituals are important today, and why they are possibly even more relevant than before.

This book explores the interaction of rituals and ritualised practices utilising a cross-cultural approach. It discusses whether and why rituals are important today, and why they are possibly even more relevant than before.

The transformations Buddhism has been undergoing in the modern age have inspired much research over the last decade. The main focus of attention has been the phenomenon known as Buddhist modernism, which is defined as a conscious attempt to adjust Buddhist teachings and practices in conformity with the modern norms of rationality, science, or gender equality. This book advances research on Buddhist modernism by attempting to clarify the highly diverse ways in which Buddhist faith, thought, and practice have developed in the modern age, both in Buddhist heartlands in Asia and in the West. It presents a collection of case studies that, taken together, demonstrate how Buddhist traditions interact with modern phenomena such as colonialism and militarism, the market economy, global interconnectedness, the institutionalization of gender equality, and recent historical events such as de-industrialization and the socio-cultural crisis in post-Soviet Buddhist areas. This volume shows how the (re)invention of traditions constitutes an important pathway in the development of Buddhist modernities and emphasizes the pluralistic diversity of these forms in different settings.

Explores the rich diversity of narratives, rituals, and participants connected with one of the most important celebrations for Hindus in South Asia and in the diaspora.The autumnal Navarātri festival-also called Durgā Pūjā, Dassehra, or Dasain-is the most important Hindu festival in South Asia and wherever Hindus settle. A nine-night-long celebration in honor of the goddess Durgā, it ends on the tenth day with a celebration called "the victorious tenth" (vijayadaśamī). The rituals that take place in domestic, royal, and public spaces are closely connected with one's station in life and dependent on social status, economic class, caste, and gender issues. Exploring different aspects of the festival as celebrated in diverse regions of South Asia and in the South Asian diaspora, this book addresses the following common questions: What does this festival do? What does it achieve, and how? Why and in what way does it sometimes fail? How do mass communication and social media increase participation in and contribute to the changing nature of the festival? The contributors address these questions from multiple perspectives and discuss issues of agency, authority, ritual efficacy, change, appropriation, and adaptation. Because of the festival's reach beyond its diverse celebrations in South Asia, its influence can be seen in the rituals and dances in many parts of Western Europe and North America.

Explores the rich diversity of narratives, rituals, and participants connected with one of the most important celebrations for Hindus in South Asia and in the diaspora.The autumnal Navarātri festival-also called Durgā Pūjā, Dassehra, or Dasain-is the most important Hindu festival in South Asia and wherever Hindus settle. A nine-night-long celebration in honor of the goddess Durgā, it ends on the tenth day with a celebration called "the victorious tenth" (vijayadaśamī). The rituals that take place in domestic, royal, and public spaces are closely connected with one's station in life and dependent on social status, economic class, caste, and gender issues. Exploring different aspects of the festival as celebrated in diverse regions of South Asia and in the South Asian diaspora, this book addresses the following common questions: What does this festival do? What does it achieve, and how? Why and in what way does it sometimes fail? How do mass communication and social media increase participation in and contribute to the changing nature of the festival? The contributors address these questions from multiple perspectives and discuss issues of agency, authority, ritual efficacy, change, appropriation, and adaptation. Because of the festival's reach beyond its diverse celebrations in South Asia, its influence can be seen in the rituals and dances in many parts of Western Europe and North America.

Inhalt Percy Arfeen-Wegner: Where Arches Meet: Architectural Convergences in Malabar, South India Monika Horstmann, Daniel Gold: Prithinath: Nath Siddha Yoga and Intertwined Traditions in the Sixteenth Century Anne Keler-Persaud: Apala's Substitute Hero: Reinterpreting Rgveda 8.91 Rainer Grafenhorst: Die Kunst der Koketterie. Mit Georg Simmel im alten Indien

Inhalt:- Rainer Grafenhorst: Der Raub des Soma. Über Rivalität und Knappheit im Vedischen Opfer- Mudagamuwe Maithrimurthi: Identifying Three Entomological Species in Sanskrit Literature: Peśaskṛt, Indragopa and Viśvaṃbhara and the Term Śaṅkupatha- U. Gärtner, D. Hellmann-Rajanayagam, R. Korff, Mo Mo Thant: The King and the Bell. Some Considerations on Justice and Due Legal Process from Classical Literature and Inscriptions in South India and Southeast Asia- Runa Chakraborty Paunksnis: Dalit Women in Hindi Films: A Study of Sujata and Article- Monika Horstmann: Who Can Tether the Cow?- Per-Johan Norelius: Kings and Serpents: The Mahābhārata and the Transformations of Vedic Snake-lore

Inhalt:• Arian Hopf: Muhammad Hasan Askari: Mulla-Turned Modernist or Saviour of Tradition?• Agi Wittich: Harnessing Authenticity in Iyengar Yoga: Legitimizing and Romanticizing Women-Oriented Yoga through Sanskrit Texts• Sayan Chattopadhyay: Solitude of an Obscure Bengal Village: Tagore''s Pastoral Sojourn and the Crisis of Readership• Ofer Peres: Purūravas in Tamil Temple Mythology: A Case Study from the Kaveri Delta• Gautam Liu: Von wegen altes Eisen: Die Progressivistische Kritik an der Naī kahānī• Hans Harder: Satirical Stotras in Colonial Bengali and Hindi Literatures

Inhalt:- Gautam Liu: Premchands Hindi: Zur Genese des Standardregisters in der gegenwärtigen Hindi-Prosa- Akanksha Yadav, Vinita Chandra: Conditional Vows: Exchange and Reciprocity between the Deity and Laity in Chaṭh- Arian Hopf: Das Rāmāʾin in der Urdu-Literatur- Benjamin Zachariah: Syed Mujtaba Ali''s Unpainted Canvas: The Chacha Stories and a Bengali View of Weimar Germany, c. 1929–1932- Bipasha Bhattacharya: Two Books on Visva-Bharati- Shruti Krishna Bhat: A Path of Liberation that Fetches Prosperity: Juxtaposing the Śākta View of bhukti-mukti and the Philosophy of Action-Liberation

CARMEN BRANDT Die Darstellung der nicht-sesshaften Frau in der bengalischen und europaischen Literatur: 'Bede'-Frauen und 'Zigeunerinnen' im Vergleich DEEPRA DANDEKAR Pilgrimage, Authority and Subversion: Anonymous Marathi Christian Didactic Literature in Nineteenth Century India MARTIN GAENSZLE The Nepali Temple in Banaras: From Royal Gift to National Icon CAROLA LOREA Sectarian Scissions, Vaishnava Deviancy, and Trajectories of Oral Literature: A Virtual Dialogue between the Bengali Songs of Bhaktivinod Thakur (1838-1914) and Duddu Shah (1841-1911) CHRISTINA OESTERHELD An Exemplary Modern Man? Mirza Rusva's Sharifzadah MAGDALENA PIECH Translation as a 'Translingual Act of Transcoding Cultural Material'. Two Plays by Shakespeare in Indian Languages in the Colonial Context MAX STILLE Arabic Rhetoric and Islamic Homiletics in 20th Century South Asia

Inhalt: CHAITI BASU: Reversal of Colonial Norms: Bengali 'effeminacy' against the 'effeminate' Englishmen; MICHAEL BERGUNDER: Gibt es im Kaliyuga nur noch Brahmanen und Shudras? Die Neubestimmung des brahmanischen Kastensystems durch Dharmashastra-Gelehrte aus Banaras im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert; KRISTOFFER AF EDHOLM: Sri-Laksmi and Religious Ruler Ideology in the Puranic Amrtamanthana Myth; MONIKA HORSTMANN: Who is a True Devotee?; MAX KRAMER: Online Da?wat, Nation-State and the Language Use of the Jamaat-e-Islami in India; FABIO MANGRAVITI: The Construction of a Hindu Reformer: A Diachronic Study of Tulsidas' Moral Reception in Hindi Literary Criticism and Historiography (19th to Mid 20th Century); JERoME PETIT: Rajamalla (Jaipur, 16th c.) and his Influence on the Jain Reformist Movements

Die Zeitschrift fur Indologie und Sudasienstudien (ZIS), bis 2010 Studien zur Indologie und Iranistik (StII), ist ein Publikationsorgan fur indologische und sudasienwissenschaftliche Beitrage aus dem alt- und neusprachlichen Bereich. Schwerpunkt sind philologische und textwissenschaftliche Beitrage sowie Forschungen mit (kolonial-)historischer, ethnographischer und medienwissenschaftlicher Ausrichtung. Alle zur Veroffentlichung vorgesehenen Beitrage unterliegen einem anonymisierten Begutachtungsverfahren (peer review). Inhalt: * Ute Husken: Frauen als Priesterinnen im "e;Sanskrit-Hinduismus"e; - eine Tradition im Wandel? * Justyna Kurowska: Feeding on Abjects: 'Symbolic' Cooking and Consuming of Dead Bodies in the Modern Hindi Novel * Fabio Mangraviti: "e;If You Cheat on Someone You Will Get Pleasure"e;: The Oblique Reception of Kabir's Teachings in Harishankar Parsai's Hindi Satirical Short Stories * Heidi Pauwels: Reviewing the Idea of Debate within the Intellectual History of South Asia: Early Modern Vernacular Inter- and Intra-Religious Dialogues * Stefano Pello: A Persian Hymn to Varanasi: Preliminary Notes on the Poetics of "e;Idolatry"e; in Matan Lal Afarin's Kashi istut (1778-9) * Arnab Saha: Self, Conjugality and Sexual Discourse in Late-19th Century Bengal * Walter Slaje: Vasistha the Void: Inquiries into the Authorship of the Moksopaya