Yonah Alexander – författare

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Since his election, President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad of Iran has reversed the more moderate and pluralistic policies of his predecessor and projected himself onto the public scene with headline-grabbing speeches regarding Jews and the state of Israel, open defiance of the UN Security Council on the nuclear issue, and an apparent vision of his country becoming the dominant power in the Middle East. This book documents Ahmadenijad's background and rise to power. It explains the current structure of the Iranian revolutionary government—the competing centers of power and the major players. In separate sections, it details the terrorist groups funded and armed by Iran, primarily Hezbollah and Hamas. And it provides a comprehensive picture of Iran's apparent aspirations to acquire nuclear weapons, as well as the related implications for regional and global security concerns.Iran's nuclear ambitions are in direct conflict with the wishes of the United States, the European Union, and many of the governments of the Middle East, leading to consequences that remain uncertain. Iran is a focus of attention in the most recent war in Lebanon, expanding its influence as a (the?) major supporter and supplier of Hezbollah. And Iran is cited in the most recent annual U.S. State Department report on terrorism as the country that is the most active sponsor of terrorism.

This unique work analyzes for the first time how foreign-affinity terrorism works in a major democratic nation like the United States, and what this country must do to survive the terror challenge, on both conventional and unconventional levels.To date, no definitive study has dealt specifically with the role of American citizens in supporting a foreign political, ideological, and religious illegal agenda. Terrorists in Our Midst: Combating Foreign-Affinity Terrorism in America remedies that as six expert authors discuss the threats of Americans to security interests in the United States and elsewhere, exploring what can and should be done to reduce a risk that may threaten the very survival of the free world.Terrorists in Our Midst focuses not only on foreign nationals operating in the United States, but also on American citizens participating in terror networks at home and abroad. The book presents an overview of both conventional and unconventional terrorism, surveys the terrorist threat in the United States by state and nonstate actors, and analyzes the foreign-affinity links of American operatives in this country and abroad. Most important for the safety and security of the United States, it offers an assessment of what policies worked and what did not work, specifying a “best practices” agenda of recommendations that should be adopted by the United States and the international community.Contributions from six distinguished academics and professionals with wide experiences in public and private serviceCase studies of the major U.S. counterterrorism strategies, including intelligence, law enforcement, border security, financial issues, and civil liberties concerns increase public and governmental understanding of the risks of, and possible responses to, future foreign-affinity terrorismA compilation of selected American foreign-affinity terrorists operating at home and abroad

As part of a national and international revolutionary strategy, terrorism has introduced into the struggle for power within and among nations a new mode of violence in terms of technology, victimization, threat, and response. It has also affected our present concepts and perceptions of self-determination. One of the principal questions addressed in

As part of a national and international revolutionary strategy, terrorism has introduced into the struggle for power within and among nations a new mode of violence in terms of technology, victimization, threat, and response. It has also affected our present concepts and perceptions of self-determination. One of the principal questions addressed in

This set includes a wide range of documents from several organizations of the U.S. government and the testimony of individuals in the private sector. Extensive coverage is also provided of the debates surrounding encryption technology, export licensing, civil rights, and privacy issues. Documents are presented from both the theoretical and legislative perspectives alongside technical reports, providing a thorough examination of the full range of 'cyber' threats.

Volume I: State LegislationA collection of state laws (plus laws of the District of Columbia and the Virgin Islands) dealing with the threat of international and domestic terrorism - along with a limited number of federal sources. State laws are organized under nine separate headings.Volume II: Terrorism and Federal Laws: Executive Orders, Legislation, Treaties and CasesFocuses on federaldefinitional issues - as well as relevant material including executive orders and presidential documents, legislation, bilateral treaties, international conventions, and court cases, providing a comprehensivecollection of material on U.S. federal legal perspectives.Volume III: Terrorism and Aviation Law: Executive and Legislative Materials, Administrative Regulations and Court CasesTFeatures U.S. documents (such as those originating with the White House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security), the Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. legislation and congressional testimony, and selected U.S. court cases.Volume IV: Terrorism and Aviation Law: Treaties, Documents, and the Pam Am 103 TrialContains selected international treaties, bilateral treaties, foreign aviationlaws, documents of the International Civil Aviation Organization and other intergovernmental bodies, statements by officials and aviation representatives, and foreign court cases. In addition, Volume IV features documentation relevant to the Pan Am 103 Lockerbie trial (U.S. civil cases against Libya, International Court of Justice documents, and various statements and testimony).

How do democratic societies maintain the balance between civil rights and security while continuing the fight on global terrorism? This work raises this issue and presents one country, Turkey, and its struggle to implement laws to combat terrorism and comply with the European Union’s civil rights standards.A collection of materials that reflects the legal responses in combating terrorism is an essential volume in any academic and professional collection as it provides a case-specific reference point in the fields of EU politics, law, and international relations. Turkey contains translations, contextual notes, and explanations from the editors of over 112 Turkish and EU documents ranging from martial law, PKK terror, Turkey-EU relations, human rights, and Turkish reforms. This resource book enables the reader to gauge Turkey’s prospects for success in establishing an effective government that at the same time protects the rights of the individual.This book will prove a valuable source for students and researchers of international politics, international relations and security studies.

The tragic events of September 11, 2001, and the consequent "war on terrorism" have made the question of effective counterterrorism policy a growing public concern. The original essays in Combating Terrorism offer a unique overview and evaluation of the counterterrorism policies of ten countries: the United States, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, the United Kingdom, Spain, Israel, Turkey, India, and Japan. Postscripts for each of the country chapters provide post-September 11 assessments of current counterterrorism practices. Most of the contributors to this volume have served in official governmental capacities and many continue to serve as consultants to governmental policy and decision makers. All of the essays address the same set of questions to allow for cross-national comparison of strategies and an assessment of counterterrorism practices: What is the governmental and public perception of the sources of terrorism? How successful have the policies of governments been in combating both domestic and international terrorism? What factors influence a government's willingness and ability to cooperate with other countries in combating terrorism? To what degree are the terrorist realities and the concerns of governments interconnected with global terrorism? To what degree are certain countries "natural hosts" of either terrorist groups or propensities that target Western or closely allied interests? To what degree are terrorist organizations mainly concerned about winning political participation in their target countries? Which counterterrorism strategies work, and which do not? What are the lessons of past experiences for future counterterrorism responses at the national, regional, and global levels? The conclusion to the volume summarizes the lessons that may be learned from the experiences of the ten countries and discusses a list of best practices in counterterrorism. This book will be of interest to policymakers, scholars, and other individuals with professional responsibilities in the area of terrorism and security studies. Written in clear, accessible prose, this book will also appeal to the general reader who is interested in gaining insight into the array of issues facing governments that endeavor to combat terrorism, and into the possible solutions to one of the foremost threats to world peace in our time. Yonah Alexander is Professor and Director, Inter-University Center for Terrorism Studies; Senior Fellow and Director, International Center for Terrorism Studies, Potomac Institute for Policy Studies; and Co-Director, Inter-University Center for Legal Studies, International Law Institute.

This unique volume explores Europe's most dangerous communist terrorist organizations and reveals how they use violence as a means of political communication and persuasion. It outlines seven terrorist groups from Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Belgium, Italy and Turkey and gives their modus operandi, rationale and political messages in translated communiqués never before available in English.

This unique volume explores Europe's most dangerous communist terrorist organizations and reveals how they use violence as a means of political communication and persuasion. It outlines seven terrorist groups from Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Belgium, Italy and Turkey and gives their modus operandi, rationale and political messages in translated communiqués never before available in English.

How do democratic societies maintain the balance between civil rights and security while continuing the fight on global terrorism? This work raises this issue and presents one country, Turkey, and its struggle to implement laws to combat terrorism and comply with the European Union’s civil rights standards.A collection of materials that reflects the legal responses in combating terrorism is an essential volume in any academic and professional collection as it provides a case-specific reference point in the fields of EU politics, law, and international relations. Turkey contains translations, contextual notes, and explanations from the editors of over 112 Turkish and EU documents ranging from martial law, PKK terror, Turkey-EU relations, human rights, and Turkish reforms. This resource book enables the reader to gauge Turkey’s prospects for success in establishing an effective government that at the same time protects the rights of the individual.This book will prove a valuable source for students and researchers of international politics, international relations and security studies.

This study places terrorist acts in Europe in their historical perspective by examining terrorist and anarchist movements in late nineteenth century Europe. The political and legal aspects of modern terrorism are discussed in detail and the themes and variation in political terrorism are examined fully. In addition, selected case studies of contemporary terrorist movements are considered in the context of the political tradition of the particular country. A comprehensive picture of European terrorism, in its historical and more contemporary ideological and political aspects emerges from this work.

This study places terrorist acts in Europe in their historical perspective by examining terrorist and anarchist movements in late nineteenth century Europe. The political and legal aspects of modern terrorism are discussed in detail and the themes and variation in political terrorism are examined fully. In addition, selected case studies of contemporary terrorist movements are considered in the context of the political tradition of the particular country. A comprehensive picture of European terrorism, in its historical and more contemporary ideological and political aspects emerges from this work.

When originally published in 1984, this book was the first detailed study of terrorism in Ireland. It assesses the situation in Ireland after a decade or more of violence in the North and tests some of the assumptions about the nature of terrorism and discusses the problem in a geo-political context. The authors reflect a variety of disciplines and political outlooks and no single line of argument is offered. They examine how the issue of terrorism has been dealt with by various governments, the church, the media and individuals. The book reveals the complexity of the terrorist problem and dispels some of the myths that have grown up around Irish terrorism.

When originally published in 1984, this book was the first detailed study of terrorism in Ireland. It assesses the situation in Ireland after a decade or more of violence in the North and tests some of the assumptions about the nature of terrorism and discusses the problem in a geo-political context. The authors reflect a variety of disciplines and political outlooks and no single line of argument is offered. They examine how the issue of terrorism has been dealt with by various governments, the church, the media and individuals. The book reveals the complexity of the terrorist problem and dispels some of the myths that have grown up around Irish terrorism.

The purpose of NATO: From Regional to Global Security Provider is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the Alliance’s new vision (the new Strategic Concept) and common security impact – associated tasks to be undertaken within a short and longer term time horizon. The book serves as a relevant and timely study of the most pressing issues facing NATO today – including recent lessons gained. It provides recommendations for consideration and further discussion (i.e., the “what” and the “how” regarding future policy options for the North Atlantic Alliance). The intended audience includes international security policy-makers, government officials, elected leaders, academics, interested professionals, civil society and members of the public.Specifically, the book focuses on six topic areas. Part I, the Introduction, relates to conceptual and organizational changes, membership expansion and enlargement. Part II consists of emerging security challenges, including terrorism, piracy, homeland threats, cyber defense and information warfare, energy security, non-proliferation and countering WMD. Part III incorporates national and regional challenges such as the Balkans, Iraq, Afghanistan/Pakistan, the Horn of Africa, North Africa and the Middle East.Part IV deals with military and non-military assets. It integrates capability development, burden sharing, common funding, ballistic missile defenses and the phased adaptive approach, non-strategic nuclear weapons, and a broad-based comprehensive approach to security. Part V covers multifaceted collaborative relationships between NATO and various governmental, inter-governmental, and non-governmental bodies. This section incorporates outreach and engagement with Russia, India, Pakistan, and China, as well as with other non-NATO countries, the Mediterranean Dialogue (MD), and the Istanbul Cooperation Initiative (ICI). Formal and informal linkages with the EU, OSCE, and the UN are also essential features of such a cooperative activity. Additionally, the expanding participation of civil society and growing involvement of new key NATO interlocutors (e.g., NGOs, academics) have created new international partnering opportunities as a means of bolstering global security through innovative public-private partnerships.Part VI includes a Summary and Conclusions.

The so-called "Islamic State" (IS) that has swept into power in parts of Syria and Iraq presents an imminent danger to the global community with its capacity as an effective, ideologically motivated, and bloodthirsty fighting force, coupled with its expanding territorial reach, on the ground and online. The IS has taken on a quasi-state form that mixes modernity with ancient rites, and aggressively promotes sectarian violence and religious extremism with a decidedly apocalyptic bent. Too, it has introduced to the Middle East a new level of extremism and brutality, marked by volatile fluidity, with far-reaching, dangerously destabilizing effects on state and non-state actors, regionally and globally.This book offers insights into the nature of the IS and what the international community can do to combat it. In order to achieve this objective, the origins, intentions, leadership, capabilities, and operations of the IS are explored. The Islamic State’s multifaceted efforts and effects in the region and beyond are described. Also, national, regional, and global strategies that are being pursued to address the new threat are examined. To this end, a range of recommendations are offered on specific steps that governmental, intergovernmental, and non-governmental bodies can take to counter the IS menace. Lastly, additional insights are presented relevant to combating the IS and undermining its potential future capabilities.

This timely book contains excerpts from authoritative testimony, speeches and reports of political leaders, members of Congress, and leading experts who lay out a roadmap for understanding the nation's growing concern and response to the threat of super terrorism. It highlights warnings on the domestic and international threat form reports of the Bremer Commission, Gilmore Commission, Hart-Rudman Commission, Baker-Cutler Report and the USS Cole Commission. The text features statements and assessments of Madeleine Albright, Ahmed Al-Fadl, Ken Alibek, Seth Carus, Bill Clinton, Anthony Cordesman, John Deutch, Louis Freeh, Donald Henderson, Joshua Lederberg, Sam Nunn, John Parachini, Janet Reno, George Tenet and others. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.

This timely book addresses the threats to and responses by Corporate America, U.S. labor, and the U.S. government triggered by the unprecedented September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. The text details these incidents and assesses their human and financial costs; the multi-dimensional aspects of terrorism and its historical context; and the U.S. business community at home and abroad as principal targets of terrorism over the last 40 years. Next, the volume describes the costs of the September 11 attacks in terms of economic indicators, financial markets, and the impact on local, state, and national levels. The publication covers the multi-faceted responses of Corporate America focusing on industry sectors, companies, and implications to conducting business in the twenty-first century. Industries and companies that may experience growth as a result of corporate, government, and military responses to terrorism are highlighted. Terrorism’s impact on the physical, psychological, and financial well-being of U.S. labor is described. Management costs due to terrorism are analyzed. Government responses to terrorism in terms of assuaging financial and human costs, stimulating the economy, and taking measures to reduce the threat of future terrorist incidents are noted. The conclusion highlights lessons learned and discusses future terrorist threats. An extensive bibliography enables the reader to reference additional materials for further study. An index provides easy access to key subjects in the book. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.

This volume profiles Hamas (Harakat al-Mugawama al-Islamiya), main radical Islamic terrorist group dedicated to the destruction of the State of Israel and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, smaller in size but equally committed to eliminating Israel through political violence. The aim of this book is not to glorify terrorist movements. Rather it is designed to provide an easily accessible reference for academics, policy makers, reporters, and other interested individuals on two of the most notorious Palestinian terrorist groups. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.

Despite the wake-up call of September 11, 2001, terrorism remains a dire threat to the security of all civilized nations, making it imperative for leaders to develop better national, regional, and global strategies to counter its many forms. Counterterrorism Strategies examines how six countries have combated terrorist groups from the 1970s to the present and draws lessons that are applicable to today's threats. Some of this important new book's case studies are the U.S. pursuit of al Qaeda, Italy's efforts against the extreme left-wing Red Brigades and extreme right-wing New Order, Germany's battles with the Red Army Faction, France's struggles with separatist movements and international terrorist Carlos the Jackal, Egypt's experience with Islamist terrorism, and Sri Lanka's long confrontation with the Tamil Tigers. Counterterrorism Strategies shows that there are no simple or complete solutions to the dangers posed by determined and elusive terrorists, but several of the countries detailed here have had significant successes. The contributors' analyses of the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of strategies used by these six countries offer a counterterrorism road map for the twenty-first century. This book is essential reading for policymakers, for counterterrorism scholars and professionals, and for members of the general public who are concerned about the direction of the international campaign against terrorism.

Terrorism is often depicted as something new and totally alien, a phantom enemy that cannot be understood. But by employing a sophisticated analysis soundly based on an encyclopedic knowledge of military history, Donald J. Hanle shows that three major forms of terrorism—military, revolutionary, and state-sponsored—qualify as the newest forms of war. The author's in-depth investigation reveals that these kinds of terrorists operate in the same basic manner as military forces employed in traditional warfare and have the same basic capabilities and weaknesses. He argues convincingly that countermeasures against these types of terrorist organizations should be based on classical principles of war and combat, and suggests countervailing strategies. Terrorism: The Newest Face of Warfare is a starting point for a sensible and coherent counterterrorism strategy, one that enlists a valuable but heretofore neglected Western arsenal—the study of military history—in the battle against terrorism.