Zhen Li - Böcker

Electrochemical conversion process can be used to generate power, store energy and synthesize chemicals, which plays a key role in the development of sustainable energy resources. Electrochemical Transformation of Renewable Compounds presents the basic fundamentals of different electrochemical transformations for clean energy and places significant emphasis on the key developments of various electrochemical processes using state-of-the-art materials. Written by electrochemical energy scientists who have worked on the application of electrocatalysis in the environmental and energy area, this book provides comprehensive coverage of main electrochemical transformation processes, including oxygen evolution, hydrogen generation, oxygen reduction, carbon dioxide reduction, nitrogen reduction, methanol oxidation, urea oxidation and ammonia oxidation.

This volume explains the beginnings and expansion of China's space program, analyzing how China is now able to hold such ambitions and how the interaction between technology, politics and economics has influenced the Chinese space program. It opens by tracing out the earlier development of the space program and identifying the successes and problems that plagued this initial effort, later focusing upon its development over the past decade and into the future. As China is now able to reach into outer space with its machines and, since 2003, with its humans, the authors examine how this move from a non-participant status to a state operating at the highest level of space activities has confirmed its potential place as the new economic and military superpower of the twenty-first century. They also demonstrate how recent successes mean that China is now confronted by an issue previously encountered by other space ‘powers’, such as the United States and the former Soviet Union: what is the value of the space program, given its high costs and likelihood of dramatic failure?Chinese Space Policy will be of great interest to students of space studies, Chinese politics, security studies, and international relations in general.

This volume explains the beginnings and expansion of China's space program, analyzing how China is now able to hold such ambitions and how the interaction between technology, politics and economics has influenced the Chinese space program. It opens by tracing out the earlier development of the space program and identifying the successes and problems that plagued this initial effort, later focusing upon its development over the past decade and into the future. As China is now able to reach into outer space with its machines and, since 2003, with its humans, the authors examine how this move from a non-participant status to a state operating at the highest level of space activities has confirmed its potential place as the new economic and military superpower of the twenty-first century. They also demonstrate how recent successes mean that China is now confronted by an issue previously encountered by other space ‘powers’, such as the United States and the former Soviet Union: what is the value of the space program, given its high costs and likelihood of dramatic failure?Chinese Space Policy will be of great interest to students of space studies, Chinese politics, security studies, and international relations in general.

Electrochemical conversion process can be used to generate power, store energy and synthesize chemicals, which plays a key role in the development of sustainable energy resources. Electrochemical Transformation of Renewable Compounds presents the basic fundamentals of different electrochemical transformations for clean energy and places significant emphasis on the key developments of various electrochemical processes using state-of-the-art materials. Written by electrochemical energy scientists who have worked on the application of electrocatalysis in the environmental and energy area, this book provides comprehensive coverage of main electrochemical transformation processes, including oxygen evolution, hydrogen generation, oxygen reduction, carbon dioxide reduction, nitrogen reduction, methanol oxidation, urea oxidation and ammonia oxidation.

This edited volume represents a collaborative effort from over 20 authors worldwide, who generously shared their expertise and insights on diversity and inclusiveness in Chinese as a Second Language (CSL) education. It critically examines a wide range of acquisitional, curricular, and pedagogical issues related to inclusive practices in diverse CSL educational settings across various geographical contexts, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam, the United Kingdom, and Australia. It focuses on students with varied linguistic, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds and learning abilities, drawing on a comprehensive collection of original empirical studies.The book is structured into two parts. Part I addresses research on linguistic and learner diversity in CSL education by exploring the challenges faced by different types of CSL learners, acquisition strategies, and assessment methods. Part II delves into the practical implementation of inclusivity in curriculum design and pedagogical practices across diverse CSL teaching contexts.The book offers a research-informed understanding of diversity in CSL education, promoting inclusive teaching practices and methods to effectively engage learners of all backgrounds. CSL practitioners, educators, leaders, curriculum designers, and researchers will find this book to be a useful resource for supporting their research and practice.

Identity of Chinese Heritage Language Learners in a Global Era enriches the current research on heritage language (HL) learner identity by examining how identity is constructed, negotiated, and performed in the narratives of university Chinese HL (CHL) learners in Hong Kong. This monograph has identified three sub-categories of CHL learners: domestic-born Chinese, ‘third culture’ Chinese, and overseas Chinese sojourners. Through systematically examining these CHL learners’ life-history narratives about language learning, language use, and social experiences from early childhood to university time, this monograph shows how CHL learner identity is dynamically constructed and changed through self and social positioning across a wide range of spatio-temporal contexts. It also adopts investment, agency, and imagined communities to examine the shared discourses which reflect the relationship between identity and the larger social processes that involve transnational or postcolonial encounters. This monograph contributes to reflections on the emerging discourses of HL learner identity in the context of multilingualism and transnational migration. It challenges the stigmatised image of CHL learners as ‘diasporic subjects’ or ‘language minority students’ in the literature and conceptualises CHL learners as transformative linguistic and social actors in processes of transnational migration and institutional change.This monograph is targeted toward educators, researchers, and professionals working in the fields of heritage language, overseas Chinese studies, migrant studies, and intercultural studies.

Identity of Chinese Heritage Language Learners in a Global Era enriches the current research on heritage language (HL) learner identity by examining how identity is constructed, negotiated, and performed in the narratives of university Chinese HL (CHL) learners in Hong Kong. This monograph has identified three sub-categories of CHL learners: domestic-born Chinese, ‘third culture’ Chinese, and overseas Chinese sojourners. Through systematically examining these CHL learners’ life-history narratives about language learning, language use, and social experiences from early childhood to university time, this monograph shows how CHL learner identity is dynamically constructed and changed through self and social positioning across a wide range of spatio-temporal contexts. It also adopts investment, agency, and imagined communities to examine the shared discourses which reflect the relationship between identity and the larger social processes that involve transnational or postcolonial encounters. This monograph contributes to reflections on the emerging discourses of HL learner identity in the context of multilingualism and transnational migration. It challenges the stigmatised image of CHL learners as ‘diasporic subjects’ or ‘language minority students’ in the literature and conceptualises CHL learners as transformative linguistic and social actors in processes of transnational migration and institutional change.This monograph is targeted toward educators, researchers, and professionals working in the fields of heritage language, overseas Chinese studies, migrant studies, and intercultural studies.

This book describes how dynamic state estimation application in wide-area measurement systems (WAMS) are crucial for power system reliability, to acquire precisely power system dynamics.

This book describes how dynamic state estimation application in wide-area measurement systems (WAMS) are crucial for power system reliability, to acquire precisely power system dynamics.

Comprehensive overview of molecular packing in different fields Molecular Design of Opto-Electronic Materials delivers insights on molecular packing and its practical applications, from basic knowledge of organic compounds as a single molecule to the aggregated state. The book reviews aspects of molecular packing including internal mechanisms, main effective factors, control methods, and preferred structures in various functional materials. Molecular Design of Opto-Electronic Materials includes information on: Research methodology of molecular aggregation science, covering theoretical calculations, general methods, and other methodsPhotoluminescence of molecular aggregates, covering fluorescence, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), and phosphorescenceMolecular aggregates as active layers in organic solar cells, covering effects of donor and acceptor aggregatesMolecular aggregates for second-order nonlinear optical effect, covering microscopic and macroscopic nonlinearities of organic systems, and organic molecules and polymers for second-order nonlinear opticsOther opto-electric materials in aggregate, including magnetic and radical materials as well as metal- and covalent-organic frameworksMolecular Design of Opto-Electronic Materials is an excellent reference for chemists, materials scientists, physicists, and electrical engineers involved in development of opto-electronic materials who are seeking to expand their knowledge bases and stay up-to-date with current applications.

This book meticulously elaborates on the theory of public goods supply, delving into government supply, market (private) supply, voluntary supply, and multi-stakeholder cooperative supply mechanisms.