Dr. Hajime Akimoto received his B.S. in 1962 and Ph.D. in 1967 in physical chemistry from the Tokyo Institute of Technology. For his postdoctoral research he spent 3 years, 1969–1971, in the Department of Chemistry at the University of California, Riverside, and worked on the chemistry of photochemical air pollution. In 1974 he joined the National Institute for Environmental Studies in Tsukuba, Japan, as the head of the Atmospheric Chemistry Section in the Atmospheric Environment Division, and then served as the chief of the Atmospheric Environment Division and Global Environment Division.Subsequently, Dr. Akimoto moved to the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology at The University of Tokyo as a professor in 1993. In 2000, he joined the Frontier Research Center for Global Change, now under the Japan Agency for Marine–Earth Science and Technology as the director of the Atmospheric Composition Research Program. After 2010 he served as director general of the Asia Center for Air Pollution Research in Niigata, Japan. Currently, he is a guest scientist at the National Institute for Environmental Studies.

• Part I Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers (Jun’ichi Kurokawa)I-1 Emissions [Air pollutants (NOx, SO2, NH3, CO, VOCs, PAH, BC, OC)] [Radiative Forcers (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC)][Natural emissions (biomass burning, volcanos, natural vegetation, wet lands)]1.    Historical Global Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers 2.    Recent trends of Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers by Continent and Country I-2 Instrumentation for Measurement of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers3.    Measurement of Gaseous Pollutants (O3, SO2, NO, NO2, CO, VOC, PAH)4.    Measurement of Gaseous Radiative Forcers (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC)5.    Measurement of Aerosols (Ions, OC, BC, inorganic elements)6.    Measurement of Chemical Species of Organic Aerosols (POA, SOA) Part II Air Pollution and its Impacts (Hiroshi Tanimoto)II-1 Present Status of Air Quality and Air Pollution in a Global Perspective [Air Pollution by PM2.5, O3, NOx/NO3- and SO2/SO42- focusing on Europe, North America and Asia]7.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in Europe8.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in North America9.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in Asia 10. Regional and Local Air Pollution in Southern Hemisphere (Oceania, Latin America, Africa)  11. Air Pollution in Arctic and Cryosphere                                                                                                                                                II-2 Impacts of Air Pollution on Human Health[Respiratory, Cardiovascular Deseases and Carcinogenesis: Premature Deaths and Economic Loss] 12. Ozone/oxidants13. Particulate Matter/PM2.514. PAH15. SO2, NO2 II-3 Impacts on Forest Trees and Agricultural Crops16. Adverse Effects of Ozone for Forest Trees 17. Adverse Effects of Ozone for Agricultural Crops II-4 Acidification and Eutrophication of Lakes, Rivers and Ecosystem18. Historical Evidence of Aquatic Acidification in Europe and North America19. Eutrophication of Aquatic system and Forest and Their Adverse Effects  Part III Air Quality and Climate Change (Toshihiko Takemura)III-1 Recent Extreme Weather Events [Human Loss and Economical Damages]   20.                Intensified Tropical Cyclones, and Typhoons in Asia21.                Intensified Hurricanes in North America and Caribbean Countries22.                Flooding and Draught in Asia23.                Flooding and Draught in Europe24.                Flooding and Draught in North America25.                Anomaly Weather in Other Continents  26.                Climate change in Arctica III-2 Historical Trends of Mixing Ratios and Radiative Forcing of Radiative Forcers [CO2, CH4, O3, N2O, BC, and PM]27.                 Historical Trends of Atmospheric Mixing Ratios of CO2, CH4, and N2O28.                Historical Trends of Atmospheric Mixing Ratios of O3, BC, and PM    III-3 What are Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) ?[CH4, O3, HFC and BC/OC][Basic Consideration on the Importance of Co-control of SLCPs and CO2]29.                Atmospheric Lifetime of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers30.   Relative Importance of CH4, O3, HFC/HCFC, and BC/OC on Radiative Forcing since Industrial Revolution31.                Effect of SLCP Co-control with CO2 for Future Global Warming Part IV Mitigation of Air Pollution and Mid-term Climate Change (Kebin He)IV-1 Energy Conversion and Energy Efficiency[Past experiences of energy conversion to bring successful mitigation of air pollution]  32.                Coal, Oil to Natural Gas33.                Fossil Fuel to Renewable Energy34.                Increase in Energy Efficiencies IV-2 Clean Air Technologies[Updated Technologies of Reducing Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers]      35.                SO2 36.                NOx37.                VOCs38.                NH339.                CH440.                BC/OC41.                HCFs and HCFCs IV-3 International Initiative for Co-controlling Air Pollution and Climate Change[Policy-related issues]42.                Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)43.                Other Initiatives (UN Environment and Others ?)

Dr. Hajime Akimoto received his B.S. in 1962 and Ph.D. in 1967 in physical chemistry from the Tokyo Institute of Technology. For his postdoctoral research he spent 3 years, 1969–1971, in the Department of Chemistry at the University of California, Riverside, and worked on the chemistry of photochemical air pollution. In 1974 he joined the National Institute for Environmental Studies in Tsukuba, Japan, as the head of the Atmospheric Chemistry Section in the Atmospheric Environment Division, and then served as the chief of the Atmospheric Environment Division and Global Environment Division.Subsequently, Dr. Akimoto moved to the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology at The University of Tokyo as a professor in 1993. In 2000, he joined the Frontier Research Center for Global Change, now under the Japan Agency for Marine–Earth Science and Technology as the director of the Atmospheric Composition Research Program. After 2010 he served as director general of the Asia Center for Air Pollution Research in Niigata, Japan. Currently, he is a guest scientist at the National Institute for Environmental Studies.

• Part I Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers (Jun’ichi Kurokawa)I-1 Emissions [Air pollutants (NOx, SO2, NH3, CO, VOCs, PAH, BC, OC)] [Radiative Forcers (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC)][Natural emissions (biomass burning, volcanos, natural vegetation, wet lands)]1.    Historical Global Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers 2.    Recent trends of Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers by Continent and Country I-2 Instrumentation for Measurement of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers3.    Measurement of Gaseous Pollutants (O3, SO2, NO, NO2, CO, VOC, PAH)4.    Measurement of Gaseous Radiative Forcers (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC)5.    Measurement of Aerosols (Ions, OC, BC, inorganic elements)6.    Measurement of Chemical Species of Organic Aerosols (POA, SOA) Part II Air Pollution and its Impacts (Hiroshi Tanimoto)II-1 Present Status of Air Quality and Air Pollution in a Global Perspective [Air Pollution by PM2.5, O3, NOx/NO3- and SO2/SO42- focusing on Europe, North America and Asia]7.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in Europe8.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in North America9.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in Asia 10. Regional and Local Air Pollution in Southern Hemisphere (Oceania, Latin America, Africa)  11. Air Pollution in Arctic and Cryosphere                                                                                                                                                II-2 Impacts of Air Pollution on Human Health[Respiratory, Cardiovascular Deseases and Carcinogenesis: Premature Deaths and Economic Loss] 12. Ozone/oxidants13. Particulate Matter/PM2.514. PAH15. SO2, NO2 II-3 Impacts on Forest Trees and Agricultural Crops16. Adverse Effects of Ozone for Forest Trees 17. Adverse Effects of Ozone for Agricultural Crops II-4 Acidification and Eutrophication of Lakes, Rivers and Ecosystem18. Historical Evidence of Aquatic Acidification in Europe and North America19. Eutrophication of Aquatic system and Forest and Their Adverse Effects  Part III Air Quality and Climate Change (Toshihiko Takemura)III-1 Recent Extreme Weather Events [Human Loss and Economical Damages]   20.                Intensified Tropical Cyclones, and Typhoons in Asia21.                Intensified Hurricanes in North America and Caribbean Countries22.                Flooding and Draught in Asia23.                Flooding and Draught in Europe24.                Flooding and Draught in North America25.                Anomaly Weather in Other Continents  26.                Climate change in Arctica III-2 Historical Trends of Mixing Ratios and Radiative Forcing of Radiative Forcers [CO2, CH4, O3, N2O, BC, and PM]27.                 Historical Trends of Atmospheric Mixing Ratios of CO2, CH4, and N2O28.                Historical Trends of Atmospheric Mixing Ratios of O3, BC, and PM    III-3 What are Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) ?[CH4, O3, HFC and BC/OC][Basic Consideration on the Importance of Co-control of SLCPs and CO2]29.                Atmospheric Lifetime of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers30.   Relative Importance of CH4, O3, HFC/HCFC, and BC/OC on Radiative Forcing since Industrial Revolution31.                Effect of SLCP Co-control with CO2 for Future Global Warming Part IV Mitigation of Air Pollution and Mid-term Climate Change (Kebin He)IV-1 Energy Conversion and Energy Efficiency[Past experiences of energy conversion to bring successful mitigation of air pollution]  32.                Coal, Oil to Natural Gas33.                Fossil Fuel to Renewable Energy34.                Increase in Energy Efficiencies IV-2 Clean Air Technologies[Updated Technologies of Reducing Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers]      35.                SO2 36.                NOx37.                VOCs38.                NH339.                CH440.                BC/OC41.                HCFs and HCFCs IV-3 International Initiative for Co-controlling Air Pollution and Climate Change[Policy-related issues]42.                Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)43.                Other Initiatives (UN Environment and Others ?)

Dr. Hajime Akimoto received his B.S. in 1962 and Ph.D. in 1967 in physical chemistry from the Tokyo Institute of Technology. For his postdoctoral research he spent 3 years, 1969–1971, in the Department of Chemistry at the University of California, Riverside, and worked on the chemistry of photochemical air pollution. In 1974 he joined the National Institute for Environmental Studies in Tsukuba, Japan, as the head of the Atmospheric Chemistry Section in the Atmospheric Environment Division, and then served as the chief of the Atmospheric Environment Division and Global Environment Division.Subsequently, Dr. Akimoto moved to the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology at The University of Tokyo as a professor in 1993. In 2000, he joined the Frontier Research Center for Global Change, now under the Japan Agency for Marine–Earth Science and Technology as the director of the Atmospheric Composition Research Program. After 2010 he served as director general of the Asia Center for Air Pollution Research in Niigata, Japan. Currently, he is a guest scientist at the National Institute for Environmental Studies.

• Part I Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers (Jun’ichi Kurokawa)I-1 Emissions [Air pollutants (NOx, SO2, NH3, CO, VOCs, PAH, BC, OC)] [Radiative Forcers (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC)][Natural emissions (biomass burning, volcanos, natural vegetation, wet lands)]1.    Historical Global Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers 2.    Recent trends of Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers by Continent and Country I-2 Instrumentation for Measurement of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers3.    Measurement of Gaseous Pollutants (O3, SO2, NO, NO2, CO, VOC, PAH)4.    Measurement of Gaseous Radiative Forcers (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC)5.    Measurement of Aerosols (Ions, OC, BC, inorganic elements)6.    Measurement of Chemical Species of Organic Aerosols (POA, SOA) Part II Air Pollution and its Impacts (Hiroshi Tanimoto)II-1 Present Status of Air Quality and Air Pollution in a Global Perspective [Air Pollution by PM2.5, O3, NOx/NO3- and SO2/SO42- focusing on Europe, North America and Asia]7.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in Europe8.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in North America9.    Regional and Local Air Pollution in Asia 10. Regional and Local Air Pollution in Southern Hemisphere (Oceania, Latin America, Africa)  11. Air Pollution in Arctic and Cryosphere                                                                                                                                                II-2 Impacts of Air Pollution on Human Health[Respiratory, Cardiovascular Deseases and Carcinogenesis: Premature Deaths and Economic Loss] 12. Ozone/oxidants13. Particulate Matter/PM2.514. PAH15. SO2, NO2 II-3 Impacts on Forest Trees and Agricultural Crops16. Adverse Effects of Ozone for Forest Trees 17. Adverse Effects of Ozone for Agricultural Crops II-4 Acidification and Eutrophication of Lakes, Rivers and Ecosystem18. Historical Evidence of Aquatic Acidification in Europe and North America19. Eutrophication of Aquatic system and Forest and Their Adverse Effects  Part III Air Quality and Climate Change (Toshihiko Takemura)III-1 Recent Extreme Weather Events [Human Loss and Economical Damages]   20.                Intensified Tropical Cyclones, and Typhoons in Asia21.                Intensified Hurricanes in North America and Caribbean Countries22.                Flooding and Draught in Asia23.                Flooding and Draught in Europe24.                Flooding and Draught in North America25.                Anomaly Weather in Other Continents  26.                Climate change in Arctica III-2 Historical Trends of Mixing Ratios and Radiative Forcing of Radiative Forcers [CO2, CH4, O3, N2O, BC, and PM]27.                 Historical Trends of Atmospheric Mixing Ratios of CO2, CH4, and N2O28.                Historical Trends of Atmospheric Mixing Ratios of O3, BC, and PM    III-3 What are Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) ?[CH4, O3, HFC and BC/OC][Basic Consideration on the Importance of Co-control of SLCPs and CO2]29.                Atmospheric Lifetime of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers30.   Relative Importance of CH4, O3, HFC/HCFC, and BC/OC on Radiative Forcing since Industrial Revolution31.                Effect of SLCP Co-control with CO2 for Future Global Warming Part IV Mitigation of Air Pollution and Mid-term Climate Change (Kebin He)IV-1 Energy Conversion and Energy Efficiency[Past experiences of energy conversion to bring successful mitigation of air pollution]  32.                Coal, Oil to Natural Gas33.                Fossil Fuel to Renewable Energy34.                Increase in Energy Efficiencies IV-2 Clean Air Technologies[Updated Technologies of Reducing Emissions of Air Pollutants and Radiative Forcers]      35.                SO2 36.                NOx37.                VOCs38.                NH339.                CH440.                BC/OC41.                HCFs and HCFCs IV-3 International Initiative for Co-controlling Air Pollution and Climate Change[Policy-related issues]42.                Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)43.                Other Initiatives (UN Environment and Others ?)