Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis – serie

Over the course of the last century, the systematic exploration of the relationship between Fourier analysis and other branches of mathematics has lead to important advances in geometry, number theory, and analysis, stimulated in part by Hurwitz’s proof of the isoperimetric inequality using Fourier series. This unified, self-contained book presents both a broad overview of Fourier analysis and convexity, as well as an intricate look at applications in some specific settings; it will be useful to graduate students and researchers in harmonic analysis, convex geometry, functional analysis, number theory, computer science, and combinatorial analysis. A wide audience will benefit from the careful demonstration of how Fourier analysis is used to distill the essence of many mathematical problems in a natural and elegant way.

This book gives an elementary introduction to a classical area of mathemat­ ics - approximation theory - in a way that naturally leads to the modern field of wavelets. The main thread throughout the book is the idea of ap­ proximating "complicated expressions" with "simpler expressions," and how this plays a decisive role in many areas of modern mathematics and its applications. One of the main goals of the presentation is to make it clear to the reader that mathematics is a subject in a state of continuous evolution. This fact is usually difficult to explain to students at or near their second year of uni­ versity. Often, teachers do not have adequate elementary material to give to students as motivation and encouragement for their further studies. The present book will be of use in this context because the exposition demon­ strates the dynamic nature of mathematics and how classical disciplines influence many areas of modern mathematics and applications. The book may lead readers toward more advanced literature, such as the other pub­ lications in the Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis series (ANHA), by introducing ideas presented in several of those books in an elementary context. The focus here is on ideas rather than on technical details, and the book is not primarily meant to be a textbook.

Advances in Discrete Tomography and Its Applications is a unified presentation of new methods, algorithms, and select applications that are the foundations of multidimensional image reconstruction by discrete tomographic methods. The self-contained chapters, written by leading mathematicians, engineers, and computer scientists, present cutting-edge research and results in the field.Three main areas are covered: foundations, algorithms, and practical applications. Following an introduction that reports the recent literature of the field, the book explores various mathematical and computational problems of discrete tomography including new applications. Topics and features include introduction to discrete point X-rays, uniqueness and additivity in discrete tomography, network flow algorithms for discrete tomography, convex programming and variational methods, and applications to electron microscopy, materials science, nondestructive testing, and diagnostic medicine.Professionals, researchers, practitioners, and students in mathematics, computer imaging, biomedical imaging, computer science, and image processing will find the book to be a useful guide and reference to state-of-the-art research, methods, and applications.

This volume is dedicated to John Benedetto. It seems just yesterday that we celebrated his 60th birthday in a memorable conference in College Park. Yet that was October of 1999, and already more than six years have passed. But John is still too young to be fully honored by a single foreword,or even a singlevolume,thatattemptstosummarizetheimpactofhisworkonharmonic analysis, his students, and his coworkers.Given his continuing high (and even increasing) level of activities, his list of “lifetime achievements” is surely far from complete. Even so, we will make an attempt in this foreword to take a look back, to see the major lines of his work and activities during the past 40 years of his life as a scientist, and to learn from his biography (and bibliography) how the ?eld of harmonic analysis has changed over the years, and in particular to see the vibrant role that John has taken in this process. John’s ?rst paper appeared in 1965, when he was 25 years old, and his ?rst book (the Springer Lecture Notes on Harmonic Analysis on Totally D- connected Sets) when he was 31. By that time he had already published on the subjects of Tauberian algebras, in the theory of generalized functions, and on questions related to spectral synthesis. His work on this latter topic continued through the 1970s, culminating in the insightful volume Spectral Synthesis (1975). Only a year later, his text Real Variables and Integration with Historical Notes appeared.

"La narraci6n literaria es la evocaci6n de las nostalgias. " ("Literary narration is the evocation of nostalgia. ") G. G. Marquez, interview in Puerta del Sol, VII, 4, 1996. A Personal Prehistory In 1972 I started cooperating with members of the Biodynamics Research Unit at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, which was under the direction of Earl H. Wood. At that time, their ambitious (and eventually realized) dream was to build the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (DSR), a device capable of collecting data regarding the attenuation of X-rays through the human body fast enough for stop-action imaging the full extent of the beating heart inside the thorax. Such a device can be applied to study the dynamic processes of cardiopulmonary physiology, in a manner similar to the application of an ordinary cr (computerized tomography) scanner to observing stationary anatomy. The standard method of displaying the information produced by a cr scanner consists of showing two-dimensional images, corresponding to maps of the X-ray attenuation coefficient in slices through the body. (Since different tissue types attenuate X-rays differently, such maps provide a good visualization of what is in the body in those slices; bone - which attenuates X-rays a lot - appears white, air appears black, tumors typically appear less dark than the surrounding healthy tissue, etc. ) However, it seemed to me that this display mode would not be appropriate for the DSR.

Overview For over a decade now, wavelets have been and continue to be an evolving subject of intense interest. Their allure in signal processing is due to many factors, not the least of which is that they offer an intuitively satisfying view of signals as being composed of little pieces of wa'ues. Making this concept mathematically precise has resulted in a deep and sophisticated wavelet theory that has seemingly limitless applications. This book and its supplementary hands-on electronic: component are meant to appeal to both students and professionals. Mathematics and en­ gineering students at the undergraduate and graduate levels will benefit greatly from the introductory treatment of the subject. Professionals and advanced students will find the overcomplete approach to signal represen­ tation and processing of great value. In all cases the electronic component of the proposed work greatly enhances its appeal by providing interactive numerical illustrations. A main goal is to provide a bridge between the theory and practice of wavelet-based signal processing. Intended to give the reader a balanced look at the subject, this book emphasizes both theoretical and practical issues of wavelet processing. A great deal of exposition is given in the beginning chapters and is meant to give the reader a firm understanding of the basics of the discrete and continuous wavelet transforms and their relationship. Later chapters promote the idea that overcomplete systems of wavelets are a rich and largely unexplored area that have demonstrable benefits to offer in many applications.

The aim of this work is to present several topics in time-frequency analysis as subjects in abelian group theory. The algebraic point of view pre­ dominates as questions of convergence are not considered. Our approach emphasizes the unifying role played by group structures on the development of theory and algorithms. This book consists of two main parts. The first treats Weyl-Heisenberg representations over finite abelian groups and the second deals with mul­ tirate filter structures over free abelian groups of finite rank. In both, the methods are dimensionless and coordinate-free and apply to one and multidimensional problems. The selection of topics is not motivated by mathematical necessity but rather by simplicity. We could have developed Weyl-Heisenberg theory over free abelian groups of finite rank or more generally developed both topics over locally compact abelian groups. However, except for having to dis­ cuss conditions for convergence, Haar measures, and other standard topics from analysis the underlying structures would essentially be the same. A re­ cent collection of papers [17] provides an excellent review of time-frequency analysis over locally compact abelian groups. A further reason for limiting the scope of generality is that our results can be immediately applied to the design of algorithms and codes for time­ frequency processing.

Distributions in the Physical and Engineering Sciences is a comprehensive exposition on analytic methods for solving science and engineering problems which is written from the unifying viewpoint of distribution theory and enriched with many modern topics which are important to practioners and researchers. The goal of the book is to give the reader, specialist and non-specialist useable and modern mathematical tools in their research and analysis. This new text is intended for graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics, physical sciences and engineering. The careful explanations, accessible writing style, and many illustrations/examples also make it suitable for use as a self-study reference by anyone seeking greater understanding and proficiency in the problem solving methods presented. The book is ideal for a general scientific and engineering audience, yet it is mathematically precise.

In 1994, in my role as Technical Program Chair for the 17th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, I solicited proposals for mini-symposia to provide delegates with accessible summaries of important issues in research areas outside their particular specializations. Terry Peters and his colleagues submitted a proposal for a symposium on Fourier Trans­ forms and Biomedical Engineering whose goal was "to demystify the Fourier transform and describe its practical application in biomedi­ cal situations". This was to be achieved by presenting the concepts in straightforward, physical terms with examples drawn for the parti­ cipants work in physiological signal analysis and medical imaging. The mini-symposia proved to be a great success and drew a large and appreciative audience. The only complaint being that the time allocated, 90 minutes, was not adequate to allow the participants to elaborate their ideas adequately. I understand that this feedback helped the authors to develop this book.

Distributions in the Physical and Engineering Sciences is a comprehensive exposition on analytic methods for solving science and engineering problems. It is written from the unifying viewpoint of distribution theory and enriched with many modern topics which are important for practitioners and researchers. The goal of the books is to give the reader, specialist and non-specialist, useable and modern mathematical tools in their research and analysis.  Volume 2: Linear and Nonlinear Dynamics of Continuous Media continues the multivolume project which endeavors to show how the theory of distributions, also called the theory of generalized functions, can be used by graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics, physical sciences, and engineering. It contains an analysis of the three basic types of linear partial differential equations--elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic--as well as chapters on first-order nonlinear partial differential equations and conservation laws, and generalized solutions of first-order nonlinear PDEs. Nonlinear wave, growing interface,  and Burger’s equations, KdV equations, and the equations of gas dynamics and porous media are also covered. The careful explanations, accessible writing style, many illustrations/examples and solutions also make it suitable for use as a self-study reference by anyone seeking greater understanding and proficiency in the problem solving methods presented. The book is ideal for a general scientific and engineering audience, yet it is mathematically precise.  Features·         Application oriented exposition of distributional (Dirac delta) methods in the theory of  partial differential equations. Abstract formalism is keep to a minimum.·         Careful and rich selection of examples and problems arising in real-life situations. Complete solutions to all exercises appear at the end of the book.·         Clear explanations, motivations, and illustration of all necessary mathematical concepts.

In his paper Theory of Communication [Gab46], D. Gabor proposed the use of a family of functions obtained from one Gaussian by time-and frequency­ shifts. Each of these is well concentrated in time and frequency; together they are meant to constitute a complete collection of building blocks into which more complicated time-depending functions can be decomposed. The application to communication proposed by Gabor was to send the coeffi­ cients of the decomposition into this family of a signal, rather than the signal itself. This remained a proposal-as far as I know there were no seri­ ous attempts to implement it for communication purposes in practice, and in fact, at the critical time-frequency density proposed originally, there is a mathematical obstruction; as was understood later, the family of shifted and modulated Gaussians spans the space of square integrable functions [BBGK71, Per71] (it even has one function to spare [BGZ75] . . . ) but it does not constitute what we now call a frame, leading to numerical insta­ bilities. The Balian-Low theorem (about which the reader can find more in some of the contributions in this book) and its extensions showed that a similar mishap occurs if the Gaussian is replaced by any other function that is "reasonably" smooth and localized. One is thus led naturally to considering a higher time-frequency density.

An Introduction to Wavelet Analysis provides a comprehensive presentation of the conceptual basis of wavelet analysis, including the construction and application of wavelet bases. The book develops the basic theory of wavelet bases and transforms without assuming any knowledge of Lebesgue integration or the theory of abstract Hilbert spaces. The book motivates the central ideas of wavelet theory by offering a detailed exposition of the Haar series, and then shows how a more abstract approach allows us to generalize and improve upon the Haar series. Once these ideas have been established and explored, variations and extensions of Haar construction are presented. The mathematical pre-requisites for the book are a course in advanced calculus, familiarity with the language of formal mathematical proofs, and basic linear algebra concepts. Features: *Rigorous proofs with consistent assumptions on the mathematical background of the reader; does not assume familiarity with Hilbert spaces or Lebesgue measure * Complete background material on (Fourier Analysis topics) Fourier Analysis * Wavelets are presented first on the continuous domain and later restricted to the discrete domain, for improved motivation and understanding of discrete wavelet transforms and applications. * Special appendix, "Excursions in Wavelet Theory " provides a guide to current literature on the topic * Over 170 exercises guide the reader through the text. The book is an ideal text/reference for a broad audience of advanced students and researchers in applied mathematics, electrical engineering, computational science, and physical sciences. It is also suitable as a self-study reference guide for professionals. All readers will find

This volume presents a development of the ideas of harmonic analysis with a special emphasis on application-oriented themes. In keeping with the interdisciplinary nature of the subject, theoretical aspects of the subject are complemented by in-depth explorations of related material of an applied nature. Thus, basic material on Fourier series, Hardy spaces and the Fourier transform are interwoven with chapters treating the discrete Fourier transform and fast algorithms, the spectral theory of stationary processes, H-infinity control theory, and wavelet theory.

Overview The subject of partial differential equations has an unchanging core of material but is constantly expanding and evolving. The core consists of solution methods, mainly separation of variables, for boundary value problems with constant coeffi­ cients in geometrically simple domains. Too often an introductory course focuses exclusively on these core problems and techniques and leaves the student with the impression that there is no more to the subject. Questions of existence, uniqueness, and well-posedness are ignored. In particular there is a lack of connection between the analytical side of the subject and the numerical side. Furthermore nonlinear problems are omitted because they are too hard to deal with analytically. Now, however, the availability of convenient, powerful computational software has made it possible to enlarge the scope of the introductory course. My goal in this text is to give the student a broader picture of the subject. In addition to the basic core subjects, I have included material on nonlinear problems and brief discussions of numerical methods. I feel that it is important for the student to see nonlinear problems and numerical methods at the beginning of the course, and not at the end when we run usually run out of time. Furthermore, numerical methods should be introduced for each equation as it is studied, not lumped together in a final chapter.

Time-frequency analysis is a modern branch of harmonic analysis. It com­ prises all those parts of mathematics and its applications that use the struc­ ture of translations and modulations (or time-frequency shifts) for the anal­ ysis of functions and operators. Time-frequency analysis is a form of local Fourier analysis that treats time and frequency simultaneously and sym­ metrically. My goal is a systematic exposition of the foundations of time-frequency analysis, whence the title of the book. The topics range from the elemen­ tary theory of the short-time Fourier transform and classical results about the Wigner distribution via the recent theory of Gabor frames to quantita­ tive methods in time-frequency analysis and the theory of pseudodifferential operators. This book is motivated by applications in signal analysis and quantum mechanics, but it is not about these applications. The main ori­ entation is toward the detailed mathematical investigation of the rich and elegant structures underlying time-frequency analysis. Time-frequency analysis originates in the early development of quantum mechanics by H. Weyl, E. Wigner, and J. von Neumann around 1930, and in the theoretical foundation of information theory and signal analysis by D.

Sampling is a fundamental topic in the engineering and physical sciences. This new edited book focuses on recent mathematical methods and theoretical developments, as well as some current central applications of the Classical Sampling Theorem. The Classical Sampling Theorem, which originated in the 19th century, is often associated with the names of Shannon, Kotelnikov, and Whittaker; and one of the features of this book is an English translation of the pioneering work in the 1930s by Kotelnikov, a Russian engineer. Following a technical overview and Kotelnikov's article, the book includes a wide and coherent range of mathematical ideas essential for modern sampling techniques. These ideas involve wavelets and frames, complex and abstract harmonic analysis, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT),and special functions and eigenfunction expansions. Some of the applications addressed are tomography and medical imaging. Topics:. Relations between wavelet theory, the uncertainty principle, and sampling; . Multidimensional non-uniform sampling theory and algorithms;. The analysis of oscillatory behavior through sampling;. Sampling techniques in deconvolution;. The FFT for non-uniformly distributed data; . Filter design and sampling; . Sampling of noisy data for signal reconstruction;. Finite dimensional models for oversampled filter banks; . Sampling problems in MRI. Engineers and mathematicians working in wavelets, signal processing, and harmonic analysis, as well as scientists and engineers working on applications as varied as medical imaging and synthetic aperture radar, will find the book to be a modern and authoritative guide to sampling theory.

Methods of signal analysis represent a broad research topic with applications in many disciplines, including engineering, technology, biomedicine, seismography, eco­ nometrics, and many others based upon the processing of observed variables. Even though these applications are widely different, the mathematical background be­ hind them is similar and includes the use of the discrete Fourier transform and z-transform for signal analysis, and both linear and non-linear methods for signal identification, modelling, prediction, segmentation, and classification. These meth­ ods are in many cases closely related to optimization problems, statistical methods, and artificial neural networks. This book incorporates a collection of research papers based upon selected contri­ butions presented at the First European Conference on Signal Analysis and Predic­ tion (ECSAP-97) in Prague, Czech Republic, held June 24-27, 1997 at the Strahov Monastery. Even though the Conference was intended as a European Conference, at first initiated by the European Association for Signal Processing (EURASIP), it was very gratifying that it also drew significant support from other important scientific societies, including the lEE, Signal Processing Society of IEEE, and the Acoustical Society of America. The organizing committee was pleased that the re­ sponse from the academic community to participate at this Conference was very large; 128 summaries written by 242 authors from 36 countries were received. In addition, the Conference qualified under the Continuing Professional Development Scheme to provide PD units for participants and contributors.

Goals of the Book Overthelast thirty yearsthere has been arevolutionindiagnostic radiology as a result oftheemergenceofcomputerized tomography (CT), which is the process of obtaining the density distribution within the human body from multiple x-ray projections. Since an enormous variety of possible density values may occur in the body, a large number of projections are necessary to ensure the accurate reconstruction oftheir distribution. There are other situations in which we desire to reconstruct an object from its projections, but in which we know that the object to be recon­ structed has only a small number of possible values. For example, a large fraction of objects scanned in industrial CT (for the purpose of nonde­ structive testing or reverse engineering) are made of a single material and so the ideal reconstruction should contain only two values: zero for air and the value associated with the material composing the object. Similar as­ sumptions may even be made for some specific medical applications; for example, in angiography ofthe heart chambers the value is either zero (in­ dicating the absence of dye) or the value associated with the dye in the chamber. Another example arises in the electron microscopy of biological macromolecules, where we may assume that the object to be reconstructed is composed of ice, protein, and RNA. One can also apply electron mi­ croscopy to determine the presenceor absence ofatoms in crystallinestruc­ tures, which is again a two-valued situation.

The last fifteen years have produced major advances in the mathematical theory of wavelet transforms and their applications to science and engineering. In an effort to inform researchers in mathematics, physics, statistics, computer science, and engineering and to stimulate furtherresearch, an NSF-CBMS Research Conference on Wavelet Analysis was organized at the University of Central Florida in May 1998. Many distinguished mathematicians and scientists from allover the world participated in the conference and provided a digest of recent developments, open questions, and unsolved problems in this rapidly growing and important field. As a follow-up project, this monograph was developed from manuscripts sub­ mitted by renowned mathematicians and scientists who have made important contributions to the subject of wavelets, wavelet transforms, and time-frequency signal analysis. This publication brings together current developments in the theory and applications of wavelet transforms and in the field of time-frequency signal analysis that are likely to determine fruitful directions for future advanced study and research.

During the last few decades, the subject of potential theory has not been overly popular in the mathematics community. Neglected in favor of more abstract theories, it has been taught primarily where instructors have ac­ tively engaged in research in this field. This situation has resulted in a scarcity of English language books of standard shape, size, and quality covering potential theory. The current book attempts to fill that gap in the literature. Since the rapid development of high-speed computers, the remarkable progress in highly advanced electronic measurement concepts, and, most of all, the significant impact of satellite technology, the flame of interest in potential theory has burned much brighter. The realization that more and more details of potential functions are adequately visualized by "zooming­ in" procedures of modern approximation theory has added powerful fuel to the flame. It seems as if, all of a sudden, harmonic kernel functions such as splines and/or wavelets provide the impetus to offer appropriate means of assimilating and assessing the readily increasing flow of potential data, reducing it to comprehensible form, and providing an objective basis for scientific interpretation, classification, testing of concepts, and solutions of problems involving the Laplace operator.

Recently there has been intense research activity on the subject of wavelet and subband theory. Experts in diverse fields such as mathematics, physics, electrical engineering, and image processing have provided original and pioneering works and results. But this diversity, while rich and productive, has led to a sense of fragmentation, especially to those new to the field and to nonspecialists who are trying to understand the connections between the different aspects of wavelet and subband theory. `Wavelets and Subbands' is designed to present an understanding of wavelets and their development from a continuous-domain transformation to a frame representation and finally to multiresolution analysis tools such as subband decomposition. The book presents a theoretical understanding of the subject that is intertwined with practical examples and applications of wavelets in ultrasonic and biomedical domains. There is special emphasis on applications in communications, compression, and image processing. Topics and Features: * Provides an understanding of the link between the continuous wavelet transform, the fast wavelet transform, and subband decomposition * Algorithms and numerical examples are implemented in MATLAB * Discusses the design of wavelet bases and details how to implement the transform both in hardware and software * Covers the fundamentals and the developments of the links between areas such as time-frequency analysis, digital signal processing, image processing, and Fourier and wavelet transform, both continuous and discrete * Offers extended mathematical treatment and numerous examples, with particular emphasis on the transition from the continuous domain to multiresolution and subband decomposition. The book is an essential text and reference for graduates, researchers, and professionals in electrical engineering,

Provides a digest of the current developments, open questions and unsolved problems likely to determine a new frontier for future advanced study and research in the rapidly growing areas of wavelets, wavelet transforms, signal analysis, and signal and image processing. Key topics covered include multivariate wavelets, wavelet transforms, time-frequency signal analysis, self-similarity and intermittency problems in turbulence, wavelet image compression, class of band-limited wavelets and multiresolution analysis. For advanced students, practitioners, and professionals working in electrical/computer engineering, applied mathematics, computer science, biomedical engineering, physics, optics and fluid mechanics.

The Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis (ANHA) book series aims to provide the engineering, mathematical, and scientific communities with significant developments in harmonic analysis, ranging from abstract har­ monic analysis to basic applications. The title of the series reflects the im­ portance of applications and numerical implementation, but richness and relevance of applications and implementation depend fundamentally on the structure and depth of theoretical underpinnings. Thus, from our point of view, the interleaving of theory and applications and their creative symbi­ otic evolution is axiomatic. Harmonic analysis is a wellspring of ideas and applicability that has flour­ ished, developed, and deepened over time within many disciplines and by means of creative cross-fertilization with diverse areas. The intricate and fundamental relationship between harmonic analysis and fields such as sig­ nal processing, partial differential equations (PDEs), and image processing is reflected in our state of the art ANHA series. Our vision of modern harmonic analysis includes mathematical areas such as wavelet theory, Banach algebras, classical Fourier analysis, time­ frequency analysis, and fractal geometry, as well as the diverse topics that impinge on them.

Developed in this book are several deep connections between time-frequency (Fourier/Gabor) analysis and time-scale (wavelet) analysis, emphasizing the powerful adaptive methods that emerge when separate techniques from each area are properly assembled in a larger context. While researchers at the forefront of developments in time-frequency and time-scale analysis are well aware of the benefits of such a unified approach, there remains a knowledge gap in the larger community of practitioners about the precise strengths and limitations of Fourier/Gabor analysis versus wavelets. This book fills that gap by presenting the interface of time-frequency and time-scale methods as a rich area of work.

. . . that is what learning is. You suddenly understand something you've un­ derstood all your life, but in a new way. Various transforms have been widely used in diverse applications of science, engineering and technology. New transforms are emerging to solve many problems, which may have been left unsolved in the past, or newly created by modern science or technologies. Various meth­ ods have been continuously reported to improve the implementation of these transforms. Early developments of fast algorithms for discrete transforms have significantly stimulated the advance of digital signal processing technologies. More than 40 years after fast Fourier transform algorithms became known, several discrete transforms, including the discrete Hart­ ley transform and discrete cosine transform, were proposed and widely used for numerous applications. Although they all are related to the discrete Fourier transform, different fast algorithms and their implementations have to be separately developed to minimize compu­ tational complexity and implementation costs. In spite of the tremendous increase in the speed of computers or processors, the demands for higher processing throughout seemingly never ends. Fast algorithms have become more important than ever for modern applications to become a reality. Many new algorithms recently reported in the literature have led to important improvements upon a number of issues, which will be addressed in this book. Some discrete transforms are not suitable for signals that have time-varying frequency components. Although several approaches are available for such applications, various inher­ ent problems still remain unsolved.

This book combining wavelets and the world of the spectrum focuses on recent developments in wavelet theory, emphasizing fundamental and relatively timeless techniques that have a geometric and spectral- theoretic flavor. The exposition is clearly motivated and unfolds systematically, aided by numerous graphics. Self-contained, the work deals with important applications to signal processing, communications engineering, computer graphics algorithms, qubit algorithms and chaos theory, and is aimed at a broad readership of graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics and engineering.

Sampling, wavelets, and tomography are three active areas of contemporary mathematics sharing common roots that lie at the heart of harmonic and Fourier analysis. The advent of new techniques in mathematical analysis has strengthened their interdependence and led to some new and interesting results in the field. This state-of-the-art book not only presents new results in these research areas, but it also demonstrates the role of sampling in both wavelet theory and tomography. Specific topics covered include:* Robustness of Regular Sampling in Sobolev Algebras * Irregular and Semi-Irregular Weyl-Heisenberg Frames * Adaptive Irregular Sampling in Meshfree Flow Simulation * Sampling Theorems for Non-Bandlimited Signals * Polynomial Matrix Factorization, Multidimensional Filter Banks, and Wavelets * Generalized Frame Multiresolution Analysis of Abstract Hilbert Spaces * Sampling Theory and Parallel-Beam Tomography * Thin-Plate Spline Interpolation in Medical Imaging * Filtered Back-Projection Algorithms for Spiral Cone Computed TomographyAimed at mathematicians, scientists, and engineers working in signal and image processing and medical imaging, the work is designed to be accessible to an audience with diverse mathematical backgrounds. Although the volume reflects the contributions of renowned mathematicians and engineers, each chapter has an expository introduction written for the non-specialist. One of the key features of the book is an introductory chapter stressing the interdependence of the three main areas covered. A comprehensive index completes the work.Contributors: J.J. Benedetto, N.K. Bose, P.G. Casazza, Y.C. Eldar, H.G. Feichtinger, A. Faridani, A. Iske, S. Jaffard, A. Katsevich, S. Lertrattanapanich, G. Lauritsch, B. Mair, M. Papadakis, P.P. Vaidyanathan, T. Werther, D.C. Wilson, A.I. Zayed

Differential geometry techniques have very useful and important applications in partial differential equations and quantum mechanics. This work presents a purely geometric treatment of problems in physics involving quantum harmonic oscillators, quartic oscillators, minimal surfaces, and Schrödinger's, Einstein's and Newton's equations. Geometric Mechanics on Riemannian Manifolds is a fine text for a course or seminar directed at graduate and advanced undergraduate students interested in elliptic and hyperbolic differential equations, differential geometry, calculus of variations, quantum mechanics, and physics. The text is enriched with good examples and exercises at the end of every chapter. It is also an ideal resource for pure and applied mathematicians and theoretical physicists working in these areas.

Satellite navigation receivers are used to receive, process, and decode space-based navigation signals, such as those provided by the GPS constellation of satellites. There is an increasing need for a unified open platform that will enable enhanced receiver development and design, as well as cost-effective testing procedures for various applications. This book provide hands-on exploration of new technologies in this rapidly growing field.One of the unique features of the work is the interactive approach used, giving readers the ability to construct their own Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers. To construct such a reconfigurable receiver with a wide range of applications, the authors discuss receiver architecture based on software-defined radio (SDR) techniques. The presentation unfolds in a systematic, user-friendly style and goes from the basics to cutting-edge research. A complete GPS software receiver implemented using MATLAB code as well as GPS and GIOVE-A signal records allows readers to change various parameters and immediately see their effects. A hands-on method of testing the material covered in the book: supplementary front-end hardware equipment—which may be purchased at http://ccar.colorado.edu/gnss—enables readers working on a Windows or LINUX system to generate real-world data by converting analog signals to digital signals.The book is aimed at applied mathematicians, electrical engineers, geodesists, and graduate students. It may be used as a textbook in various GPS technology and signal processing courses, or as a self-study reference for anyone working with satellite navigation receivers.