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48 produkter
48 produkter
Positron Emission Tomography in Clinical Research: Tracer Modelling and Radioreceptors
Inbunden, Engelska, 1989
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Proceedings of a workshop held in Brussels, Belgium within the framework of the European Community Medical and Public Health Research
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The work presented here is based upon contact with excellent scientists who did not measure their time sparingly to be of assistance. It has also benefited from the infrastructure some col- leagues made available to me, and without which considerable delays and expenditure would have been unavoidable. In this respect, I am particularly indebted to a number of people. Dr. J. Abramovici, Professor S. Orloff and Professor R. Fridrich reviewed my data critically and gave me access to their Insti- tutes, enabling me to collect the clinical evi- dence required to complete this work. The latter benefited also from the efforts of Dr. K. Streule who supervised the cross-over study upon which the final conclusions have been based. Dr. R. Senekowitsch and her staff were of inva- luable help with the animal experimental data and was, together with Professor H. Kriegel, kind enough to enable me to complete this particular part. Dr. H.L. Chia's laboratory data provided me with the possibility to widen the radiopharmaceu- tical aspects of the theme under discussion. I am also indebted to Dr. K.J.Panek for personal com- ments regarding the radiation dosimetry of lll- v vi SCINTIGRAPHY OF INFLAMMATION labelled leukocytes.
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The radionuclides of iodine have the greatest versatility in labelling both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds that are used in biology and medicine. The multiple techniques for iodination and the clinical use of iodinated products have made possible the present status of the development of diagnostic nuclear medicine. A considerable amount of information on this topic is scattered through the literature; Dewanjee has gathered this and presents it in a systematic fashion, covering the period to 1990. On the basis of his experience in laboratories of nuclear physics, nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry, Dewanjee has produced a practical book, directed at readers ranging from basic scientists to clinicians and from students to experienced investigators. Each chapter begins with definitions and progresses to more comprehensive presentations of the disciplines of chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology and pharmacology.
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This book is a compilation of the invited papers, which were presented at the Fourth European Symposium on Radiopharmacy and Radiopharmaceuticals, which was held in Baden, Switz- land, 1-4 May, 1991. The First and Third Symposia on Radiopharmacy and Radiopharmaceuticals (Elsinore, Denmark, 1983, 1987) concentrated on the safety and efficacy of radiopharmaceuticals, whereas this Fourth Symposium to some extent followed up the subject of the Second Symposium (Cambridge, UK, 1985): recent developments in radiopharmacy and current research on radiopharmaceuticals. The symposium was organized by the Radiopharmacy Group of the Swiss Society of Medical Radiology (Section Nuclear Medicine) under the auspices of the task group on radiopharmaceu- cals of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). The organizing committee consisted of the cochairmen Drs. P.A. Schubiger (Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen) and G. Westera (University Hospital, ZiJrich) and the members H.-F. Beer, P. Bl~iuenstein, P. Hasler (all PSI) and H. M~icke (Cantonal Hospital, Basel).The subjects of this Symposium ranged from isotope production to clinical testing of radioph- maceuticals, including the organisational prerequisites. In addition, the development of new radiopharmaceuticals and of PET radiopharmacy, and the concomittant ongoing evolution of regulatory guidelines by national (various European countries, USA) and international (EC) authorities, induced us to honor the vivid interest in this subject and to make it an important part of this symposium.
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Parameters such as membrane transport, metabolism and protein incorporation govern the fate of amino acids in living tissue. Is it possible to use positron tomography to measure some of them, and what is their meaning in normal and pathological situations? These questions have been addressed for a long time and no satisfactory answer has yet been given. This book, which derives from an EEC workshop organized in the frame of the Concerted Action on "PET Investigation of Cellular Regeneration and Degeneration", held in Lyon in February 1992, gives the present state of knowledge in this field based on the most recent studies. Contributions from 24 leading European and American scientists are presented and discussed.
Radiopharmaceuticals for Positron Emission Tomography - Methodological Aspects
Inbunden, Engelska, 1993
1 640 kr
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Radiochemical methodology constitutes the most important base for the successful functioning of a PET group in the routine production and development of radiopharmaceuticals. Of the several hundred products which have been labelled with positron emitters during the past two decades, about 35 are presently considered to be of major interest. This field has advanced over the past fifteen years to reach a level where guidelines can now be suggested. Chapters of this book deal with each of the main methodological aspects of the chemistry needed to develop an effective radiopharmaceutical, namely radionuclide production, automation and metabolite analysis. A further chapter on QA/QC is written by a broadly-based expert group and is designed to provide a guideline and a base for future monographs and regulations on major PET radiopharmaceutials of today.This book should help the increasing number of scientists who are now entering the field of PET to appreciate the methodological aspects that are normally addressed by chemists in relation to PET radiopharmaceuticals; it provides many practical guidelines and should promote early success in their own endeavours, since these will often necessarily begin by establishing chemical methodology of the kind discussed here.
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In the past nuclear medicine has tended to develop in cycles governed by the development of new radiopharmaceuticals followed or preceded by advances in instrumentation. The development of alternative techniques, such as X-Ray Computer Tomography, NMR Imaging and Ultrasound have also had a stimulating effect and pointed the way to new developments. The development of Positron Emission Tomography, while in itself of limited application because of high costs involved, provided a great deal of information which led to the development of new organ or disease specific, single photon emitting radiopharmaceuticals together with tomographic Gamma cameras, whereby detailed information on the biodistribution of the reagents could be obtained with accurate spatial resolution presented in a form suitable for comparison with the other imaging modalities. This technology, known as Single Photon Emission (Computer) Tomography (SPECT or SPET) is now an essential tool in nuclear medicine. The volume presents a basic guideline to the technology involved and discusses the application of the method to the investigation of various anatomical regions of the body.The book is an aide memoire to the routine practitioner and a source of information for other medical specialists.
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Can drug development and evaluation be improved by the use of positron emission tomography (PET)? PET is now well established and many PET centres participate in networks that warrant the quality of their research. PET allows one to follow the effect of a drug on a variety of patients' metabolic parameters. In addition, PET may be used to follow the fate in vivo of a compound, allowing visualization of its binding to specific receptors and a direct study of the mechanism of drug action in normal and pathological situations. This book shows the fields in which PET offers new and unique information for the development of drugs (conception, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and metabolism, clinical research, and relations between clinical and biological effects) and evaluates fields in which PET may shorten the development time of drugs.This text is intended for: professionals in the pharmaceutical industry in all areas of drug discovery and pharmacology, pre-clinical testing, pharmacokinetics and metabolism, clinical evaluation, registration and regulatory affairs; government health authority representatives who assess data and documentation on new drug development and radiopharmaceuticals; and academic experts concerned with any of these areas.
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This text gives an account of the SPECT technique, including basic aspects of radiation, radiation dosimetry and radiation protection, and the use of SPECT in major domains such as epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, head injury, cerebrovascular disorders, and cerebral neoplasm. It is written mainly by neuroclinicians with a wide experience of using SPECT in their own clinical domain. The book can therefore, serve as a practical guide for neuroclinicians who are less familiar with the advantages and disadvantages of SPECT. It is also of interest to nuclear medicine specialists who would like to know more about the clinical applications of the technique. This text is a concise guide, concentrating largely on the major applications of the technique.
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This text presents a review of new approaches and techniques employed in radiopharmaceutical development. It provides researchers with an insight into the ideas of a number of internationally known experts from reviews in their recognized areas of expertise and describes new tools which can be applied in the analysis and evaluation of these new tracers. The book should be invaluable to anyone involved or interested in the development of new radiopharmaceuticals.
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Despite 50 years of antibiotics, infection remains a major source of both morbidity and mortality. Immunosuppression, either secondary to drugs in transplant recipients or secondary to HIV, has expanded the number of microorganisms that are known to be pathogenic in man. Imaging of infection has a vital role both in the initial diagnosis and in the continuing management of patients with infection or suspected infection. Functional imaging using nuclear medicine techniques has a unique role to play in identifying sites of infection in a wide range of patients with varying clinical conditions. This book, written by a series of experts not just in the fields of nuclear medicine but also infectious disease and radiology, discusses the role of nuclear medicine in three parts: - a review of the pathophysiology of infection; - a technical description of those nuclear medicine techniques which can be used in imaging infection; - an extensive systematic review including thoracic, abdominal and orthopaedic infection as well as a special section on the acutely ill patient, the immunosuppressed patient and the patient with pyrexia of unknown origin.This book should be of interest to all clinicians looking after patients with infection and who need to use imaging techniques. It should also be of use to radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians who will be using these techniques clinically.
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The application of 3D methodology has recently been receiving increasing attention at many PET centres, and this monograph is an attempt to provide a review of this methodology, covering 3D reconstruction methods, quantitative procedures, current tomography performance, and clinical and research applications. This review should assist PET researchers in understanding and implementing 3D methodology, and in evaluating the performance of the available imaging technology. In all the chapters, the subject matter is treated in sufficient depth to appeal equally to the physicist or engineer who wishes to establish the methodology, and to PET investigators with experience in 2D PET who wish to familiarize themselves with the concepts and advantages of 3D, and to be made aware of the pitfalls.
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It is a more serious problem than realized in clinical routine work, although a large variety of theoretical and experimental data give clearly proven indications. During incidences and progress of many types of diseases hypoxia may enhance development and progress of the disease and, furthermore, decrease chances of efficient treatment of, e.g., tumors. Hypoxic tumor cells are up to three times more resistant towards radiation therapy than normoxic cells. With a diagnostic tool such as provided by hypoxia tracers suitable for PET and SPECT imaging, the particular tissue situation becomes detectable and, thus, treatable. Although the clinical importance of hypoxia imaging is obviously great, neither the clinical nor the scientific community at an international level has focussed many research activities on the hypoxia problem. As the result of a workshop held by the Section for Radiopharmacy in Tubingen, this book collects observations and findings in order to stimulate the on-going research resulting in important clinical applications. Hypoxia imaging is needed in areas of cardiology, neurology and oncology.Additional applications are to be expected in the field of diabetes, infections and organ transplantation. Therefore, the book addresses those who are basically involved in research in radiochemistry and radiopharmacy as well as those dealing with all biological aspects and facing direct clinical applications.
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This publication contains a collection of 22 manuscripts by authors invited to write review articles. They are based on lectures presented on the First and Second Training Course in Radiopharmacy and Radiopharmacology. These courses were organized under the auspices of the "Joint Committee on Radiopharmaceuticals" of both European Societies of Nuclear Medicine (ENMS and SNME) and were sponsored by the European Society of Nuclear Medicine (ENMS). Recent developments in radiopharmacy and radiopharmacology have been very complex; they cannot be overlooked by the medical staff in nuclear medical departments. This book has been written to provide access to recent research and to practical daily routine in patients' investigations. It provides a wide-ranging and topical overview of radiopharmacology in- cluding chapters on basic chemistry and physics, incorporation dosimetry, interference of drugs in radiopharmacokinetics, legal aspects and stable isotope-labelled pharmaceuticals. Style of presentation is not uniform. Par- tial overlapping concerning the content of papers has not been avoided in order to ensure different views and aspects of the same subject.We hope that the interdisciplinary approach will be stimulating and thought-provok- ing for the reader. Consequently, this book is designed for specialists work- ing in nuclear medical centres which involve different disciplines such as pharmacists, radiochemists, physicists, biochemists, biologists, mathemati- cians, electronic engineers, physicians with different specialities, and tech- nicians.
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The contents of this volume are based upon presentations made to the Second European Symposium on Radiopharmacy and Radiopharmaceuticals which was held in St. Catharine's College Cambridge in March 1985. This meeting was organized by the Radiopharmacy Group of the British Nuclear Medicine Society under the auspices of the European Joint Committee on Radio pharmaceuticals of the ENMS / SNME. The Joint Committee acknowledges the special effort which was made by the local organizers to prepare this meeting the quality of which is undoubtedly reflected in the proceedings. The wide ranging aspects of Radiopharmacy are reflected in this volume which not only deals with specialized topics, such as aerosols and biodistribution studies, but which also deals with the professional aspects of Radiopharmacy Practice. We are of the opinion that this book complements earlier publications to give an ongoing picture of the practice of Radiopharmacy and the state of the art in Europe. As well as acknowledging the contribution of the British Radiopharmacists I would also mention the support of my co chairman Prof. Dr M.G. Woldring, the members of the Joint Committee and last but not least Mrs. M. Busker, who prepared the camera ready copy. P.H. Cox Co-ordinating Chairman European Joint Committee on Radiopharmaceuticals Rotterdam XI CCNrRIBUTORS Anderson, M.L. - Pharnacy department, London Hospital London, UK. Angelberger, P. - Osterreichische Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf GmbH, Wien, Austria. Claessens, R.A.M.J. - Department of Nuclear Medicine, St. Radboud Ziekenhuis, Nijrnegen, The Netherlands.
Age-Related Factors in Radionuclide Metabolism and Dosimetry
Radiation Protection Programme and the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut de Protection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
Inbunden, Engelska, 1987
3 273 kr
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Proceedings of a Workshop Held in Angers, France, November 26-28, 1986, Sponsored by the Commission of the European Communities Directorate General for Science, Research and Development
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This volume will describe the usefulness of nuclear techniques in the in vivo evaluation of organs and systems of patients suffering from tropical diseases.
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"More than half of the world's population is at risk of the tropical diseases malaria, leprosy, schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, Chagas' disease, African trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis and half a billion are infected with at least one of these diseases".
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Among the readily available -emitting radionuclides, the nuclides of iodine have the greatest versatility in labeling both the hydrophilic and the lipophilic compounds that are used in biology and medicine. Biologically important micrmolecules, semimacromolecules, and macromolecules have been identified which, after iodination, almost maintain the same molecular configuration and similar biologic specificity as those of the parent molecules. The multiple techniques for iodination and the clinical use of iodinated products have made possible the present status of the development of diagnostic nuclear medicine. 125r, with a half-life of 60 days, has a crucial role in competitive protein-binding studies. 131r is useful for measuring thyroid uptake, for the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma and metastasis, and for therapy. 1nr , with a reasonably shorter half-life, is almost ideal for thyroid workup and for a few useful labeled radiopharmaceutical. Although ~c is used more widely in diagnostic procedures, the radionuclides of iodine will always have a major role in biology and medicine. A considerable amount of information is scattered in the literature regarding the chemistry of radioiodination and the mechanism of tracer localization in cells and tissues. Labeled peptides, proteins, and antibodies are extensively used for protein turnover studies, receptor binding and tumor imaging studies, and radioimmunoassay. The general trend in the use of tracers in clinical nuclear medicine has been an evolution from 3H, 14C, 11C, and 13 to 125 , 131 and 123r to ~c and 111rn.
Radiopharmaceuticals for Positron Emission Tomography - Methodological Aspects
Häftad, Engelska, 2010
1 640 kr
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Radiochemical methodology constitutes the most important base for the successful functioning of a PET group in the routine production and development of radiopharmaceuticals. Of the several hundred products which have been labelled with positron emitters during the past two decades about 35 are presently considered to be of major interest. The time for a state-of-the-art review is right, since this field has advanced over the past fifteen years to reach a level where guidelines can now be suggested. Chapters of this book deal with each of the main methodological aspects of the chemistry needed to develop an effective radiopharmaceutical, namely radionuclide production, automation and metabolite analysis. A further chapter on QA/QC is written by a broadly-based expert group and is meant to provide a guideline and a base for future monographs and regulations on major PET radiopharmaceuticals of today. This book will help the increasing numbers of scientists who are now entering the field of PET to appreciate the methodological aspects that are normally addressed by chemists in relation to PET radiopharmaceuticals; it provides many useful practical guidelines and will promote early success in their own endeavours, since these will often necessarily begin by establishing chemical methodology of the kind discussed here.
1 640 kr
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The application of 3D methodology has recently been receiving increasing attention at many PET centres, and this monograph is an attempt to provide a state-of-the-art review of this methodology, covering 3D reconstruction methods, quantitative procedures, current tomography performance, and clinical and research applications. No such review has been available until now to assist PET researchers in understanding and implementing 3D methodology, and in evaluating the performance of the available imaging technology. In all the chapters, the subject matter is treated in sufficient depth to appeal equally to the physicist or engineer who wishes to establish the methodology, and to PET investigators with experience in 2D PET who wish to familiarize themselves with the concepts and advantages of 3D, and to be made aware of the pitfalls.
1 640 kr
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Hypoxia, i.e. insufficient availability of oxygen within the tissue, is a more serious problem than realized in clinical routine work, although a large variety of theoretical and experimental data give clearly proven indications. During incidences and progress of many types of diseases hypoxia may enhance development and progress of the disease and, furthermore, decrease chances of efficient treatment of, e.g., tumors. Hypoxic tumor cells are up to three times more resistant towards radiation therapy than normoxic cells. With a diagnostic tool such as provided by hypoxia tracers suitable for PET and SPECT imaging, the particular tissue situation becomes detectable and, thus, treatable. Although the clinical importance of hypoxia imaging is obviously great, to date neither the clinical nor the scientific community at an international level has focused many research activities on the hypoxia problem. As the result of a workshop held by the Section for Radiopharmacy in Tübingen, this book collects observations and findings in order to stimulate the on-going research resulting in important clinical applications. Hypoxia imaging is needed in areas of cardiology, neurology and oncology. Additional applications are to be expected in the field of diabetes, infections and organ transplantation. Therefore, the book addresses those who are basically involved in research in radiochemistry and radiopharmacy as well as those dealing with all biological aspects and facing direct clinical applications.
Del 5 - Developments in Nuclear Medicine
Amplitude/phase patterns in dynamic scintigraphic imaging
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
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Conventional nuelear medieine proeedures study the dis- tribution of radiolabelled eompounds (radiopharmaeeutieals) in the body under physiologieal as well as under pathologieal eonditions. Beeause of their ability to visua- lise and to quantify the distribution of radiopharmaeeuti- eals within the body by means of external deteetors, nuelear medieine teehniques are basieally non invasive and funetion oriented. The spatial variation of the traeer distribution in the field of view, or the ehange in distribution during a time interval are interpreted as representing speeifie phy- siologie or pathophysiologie processes. As eompared to other diagnostie imaging teehniques, the spatial resolution of seintigraphie images is rather poor, their temporal resolu- tion is good. Faetors that will therefore determine the ultimate diag- nostie value of a seintigraphie study inelude 1. The speeifieity of the labelled eompounds for the process under study, 2. The resolution in time and space of the instrumentation, and its ability of measuring quantitatively tissue aetivity eoneentrations, 3.The formulation of physiologieal or pathophysiologieal models from whieh the distribution of the traeer ean be predieted. 2 While interpreting nuclear medicine data, the interrelations between these factors should permanently remain under consi- deration. The generalised use of minicomputers has resulted in major advances in information processing in nuclear medicine imaging procedures. Central to this is image digitisation.
Del 6 - Developments in Nuclear Medicine
Blood cells in nuclear medicine, part I
Cell kinetics and bio-distribution
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
552 kr
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xi List of first authors xiii Acknowledgements xv INTRODUCTICN Approaches to radiolabelling blood d-c cells: past, present and future M. L. Thakur 3 CELL LABELLllJG TEDlNIQUES 2 Labelling techniques of granulocytes and platelets 17 with 111 In-oxinate M. R. Hardeman, E. G. J. Eitjes-van Overbeek, A. J. M. van Velzen, M. H. Rovekarnp 111rndium-labelling of human washed platelets; kinetics 3 29 and in vivo sequestration sites M. Eber, J. P. Cazenave, J. C. Grob, J. Abecassis, G. !o1ethlin 111Indium loss from platelets by in vitro and ex 4 44 vivo manipulation R. J. Hawker, C. E. Hall, H. C-oldman, C. N. McCollum PIATELEl'S: KrnETIC STUDIES 5 The maturation of megakaryocytes and their precursors 65 J. H. Paulus 6 !o1egakaryocytic precursors 74 J. Breton-Gorius, W. Vainchenker 7 !-1ethods of quantification of platelet production 86 in man. A critical analysis Y. Najean vi 8 Platelet production rate deteDmination with (75se)_ seleno-m:thionine R. Cardinaud, E. Dassin 96 9 Platelet kinetics: the state of the art A. duP Heyns 110 10 Platelet kinetics A. M. Peters 130 Evaluation of models to deteDmine platelet life 11 span and survival curve shape M. G. LOtter, C. P. Herbst, P. N.Badenhorst, A. duP Heyns, P. Wessels, P. C. Minnaar 139 12 Canparison of three m:thods evaluating platelet survival tim: in patients with prosthetic heart valve J. Schbath, D. Ville, B. Hathy, B. Sanchini, E. Benveniste, J. Belleville, M. Dechavanne, J. P. Boissel, J.
Del 7 - Developments in Nuclear Medicine
Blood cells in nuclear medicine, part II
Migratory blood cells
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
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G. F. FUEGER Among the many processes in Physiology few appear mo~e inviting to be studied by tracers and external imaging than the variety of the routes of migratory (blood) cells in health and disease. Much emphasis has been placed lately on the methods of labelling of the white blood cells. It is obviously quite important and necessary to refine the methods of leucocytic labelling, particularly to search for ways to label selectively a specific group of white blood cells, but there is also the need to review and keep abreast with the developing knowledge of the white blood cells themselves, especially their behaviour under pathological conditions, as seen by histology and scintigraphy, their biological properties, their immunological characteristics and the mechanisms of the control of leucocytic functions. Similarly, it appears desirable to analyze animal models of inflammation as well as to review the dosimetry and the biodistribution of labelled white blood cells in humans. This book is the result of a cooperative effort to review certain highlights of the physiology of leucocytes, labelled and unlabelled, as a corollary to the effort concerning the labelling of white blood cells. In preparing this book we aim for a better understanding and definition of the goals to be achieved by the successful labelling of the migratory cells of the body. XI CONTRIBUTORS Becker, H. Medizinische Universitaetsklinik der Uni versitaet Graz, Graz, Landeskrankenhaus, haus, Austria Bjurman, B. Department of Radiation Physics, General Hospital, Malmoe, Sweden Chiles, C.
Del 3 - Developments in Nuclear Medicine
X-ray fluorescent scanning of the thyroid
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
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Just prior to the 1982 Annual Meeting of the European Thyroid Association in Brussels, a number of outstanding experts in the field of X-ray fluorescence gathered at the Academisch Ziekenhuis of the Free University of Brussels in a joint effort to more clearly define the actual place and value of the latest newcomer among the techniques available for the in vivo assessment of thyroid function. It is the merit of Prof. M. Jonckheer to have organised this meeting and to have made available the work presented there to a larger public in the form of this monograph. Both, the meeting and the written accounts thereof are greatly appreciated by all thyroidologists who care for properly defining the genuine value of X-Ray fluorescence in scientific research and in clinical management of thyroid disorder. Three main conclusions can be drawn from the work presented 1. X-ray fluorescence has become a safe, convenient and reliable tool for measuring intrathyroidal iodine stores in vivo with an inter-assay reproducibility estimated at roughly 10% 2. X-ray fluorescence, used by expert hands, is a highly interesting tool to follow changes of intra thyroidal iodine stores in time, subsequent e. g. to the exposure of the thyroid gland to excess iodine 3. In contrast, no definite place of X-ray fluorescence as a technique in routine assessment of thyroid disease is yet at the horizon This latter conclusion may appear somewhat disappointing.
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Safety and efficacy of radiopharmaceuticals are elements of great importance in nuclear medicine. Since the first meeting in 1965 in Oak Ridge with the title Radiopharmaceuticals tremendous developments have taken place. In 1965 the whole technetium-99m area was just in its very beginning. Safety and efficacy of the non-radioactive pharmaceuticals have attracted great attention during the last 10 years and so have similar aspects of radiopharmaceuticals during the later years. Regulatory agencies are extending their work also to the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals at hospitals and to requirements for registration of radiopharmaceuticals. In a fast developing field there might be tendencies to confrontation between interests and there have certainly been some tendencies to put undue restrictions on the use of radio pharmaceuticals due to the lack of understanding between the industry and the regulatory authorities and between regulatory authorities and hospitals. Much of this may have been due to lack of information and certainly is due to the lack of fundamental scientific knowledge in many radiopharmaceutical aspects. A fast and safe introduction of new radio pharmaceuticals and the proper handling of these requires a lot of development work, but also an understanding of how general principles from the non-radioactive drug field may be sensibly transformed into the radiopharmaceutical area. It may even require compromises between requirements for safety in different areas such as radiation protection and pharmaceutical aspects.
Progress in Radiopharmacology 3
Selected Topics Proceedings of the Third European Symposium on Radiopharmacology held at Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, April 22–24, 1982
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
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The publication of this volume, which is based upon presentations made to the Third European Symposium on Radiopharmacology at Noordwijkerhout, April 22 - 24, 1982, is indicative of the continued interest in this sub-branch of Nuclear Medicine. The transactions of the first two meetings were published as Progress in Radiopharmacology, Volumes 1 and 2 by Elsevier/North-Holland Bio medical Press. We are particularly pleased to have reached an agreement with Martinus Nijhoff Publishers to include Progress in Radiopharmacology 3 in the series Developments in Nuclear Medicine. This not only ensures the continuity of the series but by including it in a series of Nuclear Medical Monographs the availability of the text to more general readers, for background information, is greatly enhanced. As with the previous two volumes each of the three topics has been so treated as to relate the biodistribution of the radiopharmaceuticals to normal and pathophysiological conditions to provide background information for the practising nuclear medical specialist. Special attention has been given to European activities but these have been clearly placed in context in relation to developments from outside Europe. The Third European Symposium on Radiopharmacology was held under the auspices of the European Joint Commitee on Radiopharmaceuticals of the European Nuclear Medicine Society and the Society of Nuclear Medicine Europe. Solco Nuclear, Basle, provided both financial and material support and I would like to thank Dr M. de Schrijver, Mr. I. Waser and Mrs. E. Rufenacht for their continued help and encouragement.
552 kr
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This book is timely and fills a void in the area of cholescintigraphy in Nuclear Medicine. It is true that many articles and papers from symposia on this subject are available but they are all scattered through a volumnous literature. Dr Cox and his colleagues have brought together in an orderly fashion the current available material on hepatobiliary scintigraphy in an excellent volume suitable for both the clinician as well as the clinical scientist. This volume begins with a detailed discussion of anatomy and physiological functions of the liver and bi liary tract followed by a section on scintigraphic functional imaging of the liver. A description of the chemistry and pharma 99m ceutical considerations of Tc labeled hepatobiliary agents, especially those of Ida-derivatives is included. Next the text follows the usual pattern of discussion on the pharmacodynamics of radiopharmaceuticals, followed by a description of various clinical disease patterns of the liver and the use of cholescintigraphy in evaluating these diseases. The last sections deal with computer applications in quantitation of liver function followed by a discussion 99m of the clinical role for Tc labeled hepatobiliary agents in comparison to ultrasonography, CT, radiography and in vitro laboratory tests. One notable feature of this book is its discussion on the evaluation of new agents in normal experimental animals and in animals with induced liver disease, correlating this data to define the best radiopharmaceutical and then evaluating the same in patients. This type of methodological treatment of the subject matter is commendable.
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In the past nuclear medicine has tended to develop in cycles governed by the development of new radiopharmaceuticals followed or preceded by advances in instrumentation. The development of alternative techniques, such as X-Ray Computer Tomography, NMR Imaging and Ultrasound have also had a stimulating effect and pointed the way to new developments. The development of Positron Emission Tomography, while in itself of limited application because of high costs involved, provided a great deal of information which led to the development of new organ or disease specific, single photon emitting radiopharmaceuticals together with tomographic Gamma cameras, whereby detailed information on the biodistribution of the reagents could be obtained with accurate spatial resolution presented in a form suitable for comparison with the other imaging modalities. This technology, known as Single Photon Emission (Computer) Tomography (SPECT or SPET, as the mood takes you) is now an essential tool in nuclear medicine. The volume presents a basic guideline to the technology involved and discusses the application of the method to the investigation of various anatomical regions of the body. The book is an aide mémoire to the routine practitioner and a source of information for other medical specialists.