Heritage – serie

It is rare for the political scientist who handles data which he has not generated himself to cast his mind to that of an observer watching an experiment, it is equally rare for him to plan controlled experiments in which he creates his own data.This lack of attention to the experimental aspect of political science hinders the development of the discipline, especially in relation to the building and testing of adequate theories.To remedy this lack a Round Table conference of the International Political Science Association was held in Vancouver in March 1970. The papers presented at the conference are published in this volume. They discuss the application of experimental techniques to the study of politics and give examples of such applications ranging from paper and computer games to experiments involving the observation of human interaction in a laboratory or in the field. It is hoped that this work will lead to a greater use of controlled experiments in a discipline which has not yet given to the experimental method the importance it should have in the production of relevant data and in the building and testing of theories.

On 3 September 1996, Bill C-41 was proclaimed in force, initiating one significant step in the reform of sentencing and parole in Canada. This is the first book that, in addition to providing an overview of the law, effectively presents a sociological analysis of the legal reforms and their ramifications in this controversial area.The commissioned essays in this collection cover such crucial issues as options and alternatives in sentencing, patterns revealed by recent statistics, sentencing of minority groups, Bill C-41 and its effects, conditional sentencing, and the structure and relationship between parole and sentencing are clearly presented. An introduction, editorial comments beginning each chapter, and a concluding chapter draw the essays together resulting in a timely, comprehensive and extremely readable work on this critical topic.Broad in scope and perspective, this major new socio-legal study of the law of sentencing will be illuminating to students, members of the legal profession, and the general reader.

When The Vertical Mosaic first appeared in 1965, it became an instant classic. Its key message was that Canada was not the classless democracy it fancied itself to be. In fact, Canada was a highly inegalitarian society comprising a ‘vertical mosaic’ of distinct classes and ethnic groups. This collection of papers by five of Canada’s top sociologists subjects John Porter’s landmark study to renewed scrutiny and traces the dramatic changes since Porter’s time – both in Canadian society and in the agenda of Canadian sociology.Based on papers written for a conference held in commemoration of the thirtieth anniversary of The Vertical Mosaic’s publication, the five essays revisit the central themes of the original work, including gender and race inequality; citizenship and social justice; and class, power, and ethnicity from the viewpoint of political economy. An introduction by the editors provides a historical biography of Porter and discusses his influence on Canadian sociology.

A representative selection of the best poetry of Spain's Golden Age.

This is the story of the rise and eventual disappearance of approximately thirty German weekly newspapers during a period of slightly more than eighty years. It describes the successes and difficulties encountered in maintaining a newspaper press directed at a minority group which was being slowly absorbed into the English-dominated pattern of Ontario. The First World War brought the German newspaper press to an abrupt end by government decree and although this prohibition lifted later, the German press in Ontario never completely recovered. It has remained, however, a fascinating tale out of Ontario's early history.

In 1967 the University of Toronto School of Library Science held a two-day colloquium on the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, the first public discussion of the new cataloguing code. This volume contains the proceedings and discussions of that meeting. It is a useful work for librarians at all levels, giving the background to the new cataloguing rules, the intentions of the Library of Congress about implementation, and some detailed suggestions for their use by the various categories of libraries.

This book was written to fill a need for a basic text about medical social work. The material has specific reference to social work in the hospital organization, but much of it is applicable to social work within the broader context of health care.Any printed material now available on the subject is largely incidental and scattered reference. This book will be of great value to social workers, and to students in hospital administration, medicine, and nursing. It will also be of help to members of hospital boards and to hospital administrators who wish to establish or evaluate a social service department.Beginning with a background in the history of the hospital and social work, the book provides chapters on the role and function of a social service department in a hospital, on the staffing and administration of such a department, on the kinds of activity in which it engages, and on its place in the larger organization of which it is a part.

This volume, a survey of the Canadian scene that urged various reforms, appeared shortly after the First World War. It was considered to be extremely radical in its proposals and implications at that time and had the distinction of being one of that rare breed of attempts to survey Canadian developments in terms of large principles of analysis or historical development. In The New Christianity, Salem Bland tried to place the unrest of the times in a large historical perspective and brought social, political, and economic developments into conjunction with main trends of religion in recent decades. His central theme was that the processes of industrial and social consolidation, the growth of organized labour, and the spread of sociological ideas spelled the end of the old order of capitalism and Protestantism which had dominated most of western Christendom for three centuries. Specifically, the primary impediment to full realization of democracy and brotherhood, Bland argued, was modern capitalism based on private property rights in industry and motivated by a competitive individualism. The second impediment to a new social order embodying the Christian spirit was the strong attachment of Christians to their traditions. The chief hope of the future lay in a marriage of labour Christianity and American Christianity that would unite with all other traditions in a worldwide ecumenical movement.Fifty years later, the reprinting of this book is important because it is an instructive study in how the highest traditions of Christianity came into radical conjunction with the currents of economic change, social reform, and political upheaval in Canada in the first decades of this century.

The purpose of this collection is to provide the student with an introduction to the way in which the discipline of economics tackles the problems posed in affluent societies by their various ‘waste’ products. ‘Pollution economics’ introduces a student to aspects of price economics, public finance, and political economy in relation to a pressing and complex public concern. The work includes a number of Canadian statements on pollution and its control in this country, and gives the text of two recent pieces of legislation on the topic.The selections in this volume present a wide variety of opinions, ideas, and facts about the economic dimension of the ecological crisis. Pollution costs money-pollution abatement also costs money and these costs will have to be paid somehow by some people. The contributors-politicians, businessmen, and professors-explore the problem of pollution and its control as each sees it, and the volume as a whole should help encourage a greater awareness both of economics as a way of thinking and of the difficulties in making the right public policies.

The present work does not in any way aim to replace Bensley's Practical Anatomy of the Rabbit, which has long since proved its value beyond question. The attempt has been to meet a need for a shorter and less detailed laboratory guide adapted to courses for which Bensley's Anatomy has been found too extensive. Classes for which the present book is designed have assignments of time for this subject varying from about twenty-four hours to about sixty hours. Some of them have two-hour periods and some have three-hour periods. Some, moreover, have need for special emphasis on certain parts which are of less immediate interest to others.Of the twenty-eight illustrations, fifteen are new and the remainder have been borrowed from Bensley's Practical Anatomy. Four of the latter were the work of the late Dr. Bensley, the rest were prepared by the present author.

This primer is directed to air contamination control personnel, air engineers, whose only contact with bacteriology is usually their responsibility for providing "white" surroundings in industry and research. Professor Kingsley provides most basic information and describes problems in bacteriology which would help in the understanding, handling, and moving of "clean" (uncontaminated) air to and from critical areas. Divided into three parts, the manual includes sections on "Basic Principles of Bacteriology," "Bacteriology in the Air" and "The Sampling of Airborne Microorganisms." A glossary of bacteriological terms and graphs supplements the text.

This is a practical reference volume for the student or practising physician to aid him in the investigation, diagnosis, and treatment of allergy in children. It is based on procedures used at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada. In this new fourth edition, material has been added and established treatments up-dated. The allergies to which children are subject are discussed in clear, straightforward language, as are the basic principles of atopic disease. There are sections on prophylaxis of allergy, common mistakes in the care of the allergic patient, the optimistic approach to the care of the allergic patient, anaphylaxis in man, and the immunoglobulins. Each section is documented. Four appendices offer various diets and discuss immunological deficiency diseases, beta adrenergic blockade, and the pathophysiology of asthma.

As in most fields of medical practice many things in anaesthesia are done on an empirical basis: this speciality is dynamic and expanding, and today's dogma may become tomorrow's error. This introductory manual, now revised and updated in a second edition, was prepared by the Department of Anaesthesia in Canadian medical schools and provides the undergraduate medical student with an important foundation for wider knowledge in the realm of anaesthesiology. Contents include Anaesthesia in relation to surgery , Evaluation of the patient before anaesthesia, Preanaesthetic medication, General anaesthesia, Neuromuscular transmission and muscle relaxation, Regional anaesthesia, Care of the unconscious patient, Respiration and anaesthesia, Cardiovascular homeostasis in relation to anaesthesia and resuscitation, Fluid and electrolyte balance, Acid-base balance, Complications of anaesthesia, Postoperative problems and care, Obstetrical anaesthesia and resuscitation of the newborn, and Special considerations in paediatric anaesthesia.

In a tight, dramatic, two-character, two-act play Ted Allan, one of Canada's best-known playwrights, challenges us to think again about love and guilt, about madness and normalcy. My Sister's Keeper was first produced at the 1976 Lennoxville Festival in Quebec. (an earlier version, entitled 'I've Seen You Cut Lemons,' had been directed by Sean Connery at the Fortune Theatre in London in 1970.) It is a play about sensitivity and about victims; about what we do to each other and particularly about what society does to women; about what makes us able to love and what prevents us from allowing ourselves to love. One day 'schizophrenic' Sarah arrives--to stay--at the London flat of her successful, 'normal' brother. The ensuing confrontations lead us, when we can catch our breath, to ask just who it is that is insane, and why?

Professor Mansergh offers an analysis of the nature of The Irish Question, 1840-1921. His study is not a narrative history. While the problems with which it deals have been suggested by the period it covers, it is with the problems and not the period it covers, it is with the problems and not the period that it is at root concerned. Those problems are: the interrelation of economic and social with political forces, the impact of Irish discontent upon the Liberal conversion to Home Rule, the character of the political, cultural and social forces behind revolutionary Irish nationalism; and the changing nature of the concept itself. Much attention is given to the implications of Anglo-Irish relations in the wider context of nationalist-Imerial conflicts and for that reason special and ciritcal studies are made of the reflections and writingsof the Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville and his friend de Beaumont, of Italian nationalists, notably Cabour and Mazzini, and of Marx, Engels and Lenin on the Irish question. The book was first published in 1940 under the title Ireland in the Age of Reform and Revolution. A second edition, greatly enlarged and almost whooly rewritten, appeared in 1965 (second impression, 1968) under the title of The Irish Question. The third edition includes a supplementary bibliography of works published since 1965, corrections and additions to the text, and a new Preface, 'Revisionist Themes', reconsidering earlier interpretations and questioning some earlier assumptions about the events of Ireland's revolutionary years in the changed context of the seventies.

The Conference on Urban Housing Markets sponsored by the Centre for Urban and Community Studies in October 1977 was the first major conference on housing to be held in Canada since the First Canadian Housing Conference sponsored by the Canadian Welfare Council in 1968.This volume is at once a record of the Conference and a review of important recent research on urban housing markets and related public policy issues. The book captures the flavor of a lively debate between academics and policy analysts, and the commentaries and discussion sections provide, in non-technical language, a statement of some major questions confronting government policy on housing.In addition to its use as a record of an important Canadian conference, the book is a valuable collection of recent housing research. The ten papers cover a wide variety of topics ranging from conceptual and methodological issues on the one hand to critiques of Canadian housing policies on the other. They indicate the range of issues which must be taken into account in assessing housing policy. Taken together with the discussion material which helps to focus attention on strategic issues in both Canada and the United States, they provide a useful introduction to current debates over housing policy.

One answer to unemployment is to spread available opportunities among more people. This book examines the advantages and disadvantages for labour, management, and government of two related types of innovative work arrangements: worksharing – the shortening of the work week to prevent layoffs; and jobsharing – the conversion of full-time jobs into permanent part-time positions to suit changing employee preferences.The effect of such a plan is studied in relation to costs to the government, unemployment rates, work incentives, and employer’s labour costs. The impact on junior and senior employees, and on the union, is also considered. In relation to jobsharing, the authors predict a continuing increase in the number of persons preferring permanent part-time employment. This comes from the rising number of multiple-earner families, changing values about male and female roles in the labour force, and the desire for a more flexible and gradual approach to retirement. The authors conclude with recommendation for policy changes to encourage worksharing and accommodate jobsharing.

Since the publication of the first edition more than thirty years ago, The Flora of Alberta has become the standard guide for naturalists, botanists, and all those interested in the wildlife of the province. It provides an inventory of 1775 known vascular plant species – ferns, conifers, and flowering plants – that are native to Alberta, or if non-native, that have become established and grow wild in the province. All are grouped according to genus and family, with descriptions of species, genera, and families.Keys are provided to allow for the identification of all the known species, along with information on habitats in which species generally occur. The text for each species includes the chromosome number and indicates the geographical distribution in North America.Also included are 1158 provincial distribution maps, showing the locations of native species, and two specially prepared maps of the province – one indicating the distribution of major soil groups, the other distribution of major vegetation types.In the years since its initial publication The Flora of Alberta has been revised, updated, and considerably expanded while retaining the original format and purpose that have made it indispensable to a wide range of readers.

Caddisflies are one of the most diverse groups of organisms living in freshwater habitats, and their larvae are involved in energy transfer at several levels within these communities. Caddisfly larvae are also remarkable because of the exquisite food-catching nets and portable cases they construct with silk and selected pieces of plant and rock materials.This book is the most comprehensive existing reference on the aquatic larval stages of the 149 Nearctic genera of Trichoptera, comprising more than 1400 species in North America. The book is invaluable for freshwater biologists and ecologists in identifying caddisfly in the communities they study, for students of aquatic biology as a guide to the diverse fauna of freshwater habitats, and for systematic entomologists as an atlas of the larval morphology of Trichoptera.In the General Section, the biology of caddisfly larvae is considered from an evolutionary point of view. Morphological terms are discussed and illustrated and a classification of the Nearctic genera is given. Techniques are outlined for collecting and preserving larval specimens and for associating larval with adult stages. The Systematic Section begins with a key to larvae of the 26 families of North American Trichoptera. Each chapter in this section is devoted to a particular family, providing a summary of biological features and a key to genera, followed by a two-page outline for each genus with illustrations facing text. This outline provides information on general distribution, number of species, distinctive morphological features, and biological data including construction behaviour.An important feature of the book is the habit illustrations of larvae and cases of a selected species in each genus, along with illustrations of details of significant morphological structures. Each generic type is thus presented as a recognizable whole organism adapted in elegant ways to particular niches of freshwater communities.This revised edition includes advances in knowledge on the classification and biology of Trichoptera up to 1993 - an interval of 17 years since the first edition. An additional eight families and thirteen genera are included for the first time. Through reorganization of the families into three suborders, a biological context has been established for the systematic section.

The teacher who has an affair with a student. The teacher who is a transvestite. The teacher who advocates personal beliefs. These are 'teachers in trouble.' Their behaviour, whether it occurs in the classroom or off the job, offends the community and brings down censure from the school board.At root, schools are cultural institutions and teaching, a cultural activity. Teachers are expected to shape students according to accepted community norms. They interpret and apply curricula - and can divert curricula from their intended purpose. Teachers are at the eye of the vortex in the struggle for control over education, buffeted by the forces of social change and conflicting public expectations. The authors of this book examine how teacher conduct is monitored and what types of misconduct can produce 'social dramas.' Boards of reference have been established to arbitrate disputes between school boards and teachers who are dismissed. Drawing on the decisions of these boards of reference across Canada, the authors identify normative issues and propose a classification scheme for contentious behaviours.Teachers in Trouble poses fundamental questions about the role of teachers in society. It is an invaluable guide for teachers and professional organizations, education administrators, and members of the community who are concerned about ethics in our schools.

The economic impact of free trade among the North Atlantic countries on the Canadian pulp and paper industry is here discussed in a detailed analysis of costs and marketing.

Published for the Private Planning Association of Canada as part of the Canada in the Atlantic Economy series, this book covers impact of trade liberalization on Canadian agriculture, prospects for trade liberalization in agriculture, as well as trade liberalization and the Canadian pulp and paper industry and trade liberalization and the Canadian furniture industry.

This is the first volume of a new series of research publications in geography which is published for the Department of Geography, University of Toronto. The Hydrologic Cycle and the Wisdom of God traces the development of the idea of the hydrologic cycle in the context of natural theology. The notion that "all creation exhibits the wisdom of the Creator" was once a widely held belief in the Western world. However, unlike stars and biological organisms, the physical features of the earth, with their evident lack of pattern, were difficult to reconcile with God’s wisdom until scholars and scientists, at the end of the seventeenth century, found a satisfactory solution in the concept of the hydrologic cycle. The concept served to explain the earth’s features so well that in the process it explained away one of them—the great deserts. This work shows the growth and eventual decay of a concept which attempts to relate the broad range of seemingly little-connected phenomena that physical geographers, in their several capacities, are still committed to study. It will be of interest to physical geographers and all scholars who are concerned with historical attitudes towards man’s physical environment. (University of Toronto Department of Geography Publications No. 1)

The object of this study is to investigate the effects that complete and formal integration of the Canadian with the American capital market would have on the Canadian economy. It is based largely on recent trade statistics, particularly those of the period when the exchange rate floated. In summary, the short- and long-run effects could both be beneficial to Canada. This study is a convenient summary of a longer work by the same authors to be published in 1970.

Systematic study of the geography distribution of the wood-processing industry has received recent Soviet attention, yet the results have been disappointing. Soviet work has been descriptive and lacking in critical analysis of the location problem. In particular, there has been little, if any, attempt to assess the geographic distribution of the industry within the general context of location theory and to evaluate the role played by individual location factors. This monograph is a case study in the application of linear programming techniques to the analysis of transportation patterns within the wood-processing industry. It will add to North American studies not only a knowledge of the location of wood-processing industries but also a better understanding of the factors which have influenced the location of wood-processing in the Soviet Union.(University of Toronto Department of Geography Research Publications No. 4).

Kant is a figure of some importance in current debate about the nature of geography. In this detailed study, Dr May analyses Kant’s concept of geography, placing it in the context of his philosophy. In addition, he analyses several currently held positions respecting the nature of geography and compares these positions with that of Kant in order to gain further insight into his concept of geography and to determine how valid it is as a foundation for contemporary geography. The book also contains a discussion of the origins, development, and influence of Kant’s concept of geography, and an historical sketch of the relations between philosophy and geography through the history of Western thought. This is a book for geographers with an interest in the history and philosophy of their discipline, Kant scholars, and anyone interested in the philosophy of science. (University of Toronto Department of Geography Research Publications No. 5)

This detailed study of the use of water at different price levels by residential consumers in the Toronto-centred region from Hamilton to Oshawa challenges the basis of our present urban water supply policy. Adoption of the recommendations presented would mean higher prices to householders, but a considerable saving of hundreds of millions of tax dollars over the next three decades. The present policy uses a 'requirement approach' in which future water needs are calculated by extrapolation of past trends and an assumption that demand is inelastic. This leads to excessive levels of water use and over-investment in water supply, sewage collection, and treatment systems. The resultant misallocation of resources can be corrected by adoption of a demand/management approach in which investment policy is guided by consumer demand and alternative pricing arrangements are used as a management tool. Dr. Grima examines several alternative choices for management, such as metering, increasing marginal prices, sewerage charges, seasonal charges, and an increasing price block schedule, and describes the results of each. Water managers in Canada are strongly challenged to begin a fundamental rethinking of their basic policies. (Department of Geography Research Publication 7)