IAEA TECDOC - Böcker
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26 produkter
26 produkter
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
The Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review (INIR) service, launched by the IAEA in 2009, was designed to support the evaluation of the infrastructure for the introduction of a nuclear power programme. An INIR mission is conducted upon Member States request and it enables countries to identify areas of infrastructure development where further attention is needed. The INIR mission also identifies good practices to be shared with other Member States. In addition, it provides an opportunity for the exchange of information between local experts and a team of IAEA and international experts on their experiences. This publication is intended to provide information and analysis on the main results of INIR missions and to share lessons learned. The publication also explains the recent developments in the INIR process and the mechanisms to support Member States after an INIR mission is conducted.
INPRO Methodology for Sustainability Assessment of Nuclear Energy Systems: Waste Management
INPRO Manual
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
This publication presents the latest update to the INPRO methodology for Nuclear Energy Systems sustainability assessment in the area of waste management and reflects detailed discussions held at an IAEA technical meeting. Waste generated by nuclear energy systems and considered in this publication includes all classes and categories of waste from nuclear power plants and nuclear fuel cycle facilities over the course of normal operations and anticipated operational occurrences. It is anticipated that the information presented in this and other INPRO publications, for example IAEA Nuclear Energy Series No. NG-T-3.12, will assist in the identification of areas for improvement in nuclear energy systems.
INPRO Methodology for Sustainability Assessment of Nuclear Energy Systems: Safety of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities
INPRO Manual
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
This publication provides guidance for assessing the sustainability of a nuclear energy system (NES) in the area of nuclear fuel cycle facility (NFCF) safety. It deals with NFCFs that may be potentially involved in the NES such as, mining, milling, refining, conversion, enrichment, fuel fabrication, spent fuel storage, and spent fuel reprocessing facilities. It augments the information presented in the earlier INPRO publications on the methodology for sustainability assessments. The publication is intended for use by organizations involved in the development and deployment of a NES, including planning, design, modification and technical support for NFCFs.
Experiences of Member States in Building a Regulatory Framework for the Oversight of New Nuclear Power Plants
Country Case Studies
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
An effective regulatory framework is essential to the success of a national nuclear power programme. The IAEA has developed the Milestones approach to help Member States embarking on nuclear power to understand and develop the necessary infrastructure requirements in a phased way. The regulatory framework is one of the 19 infrastructure issues that are described in the Milestones approach. The primary objective of this publication is to present the experiences of selected Member States that are in the process of building or expanding their regulatory framework for a nuclear power programme, including the challenges they faced. The publication also provides insights on IAEA safety requirements and guidance on establishing an effective regulatory framework with reference to the IAEA Safety Standards Series, the IAEA Nuclear Security Series, and IAEA Safeguards guidance publications. In addition, it demonstrates how these requirements fit into the overall development of a nuclear power programme through the IAEA Milestones approach.
Model Regulations for the Use of Radiation Sources and for the Management of the Associated Radioactive Waste
Häftad, Engelska, 2026
375 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
This publication is the revision of IAEA-TECDOC-1732, Model Regulations for the Use of Radiation Sources and for the Management of the Associated Radioactive Waste. This publication provides information on the drafting of regulations and includes model regulations covering all aspects of the safe use of radiation sources and the safe management of the associated radioactive waste. The Model Regulations presented in this TECDOC are intended to implement requirements established in the IAEA safety standards, in particular IAEA Safety Standards Series Nos GSR Part 3, Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety Standards, and GSR Part 5, Predisposal Management of Radioactive Waste.
Protection Against Exposure Due to Radon Indoors and Gamma Radiation from Construction Materials
Methods of Prevention and Mitigation
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
This publication presents a review of technical solutions providing both corrective actions and preventive measures to reduce the ingress of radon indoors. A description of methods, design and implementation of measures to reduce ingress of radon into buildings, and of the materials and equipment used in these solutions are included. The publication also presents methods for measuring gamma radiation from radionuclides in building and construction materials and for methods of reducing exposure due to this gamma radiation. Aimed primarily at building and construction professionals designing and installing radon preventive and mitigation measures, this publication will also be a useful resource for national authorities responsible for the development of national building codes and implementation of national radon action plans.
361 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
Safe and sustainable uranium production requires comprehensive asset management guidelines, strategies, procedures and planning for uranium mines and processing facilities. This TECDOC offers guidance on management strategies and maintenance techniques for ageing uranium production cycle facilities. Based on industry best practices and international standards, it draws from the expertise and insights of industry professionals to consolidate knowledge on the life cycle asset management of uranium mines and processing facilities. This guidance is applicable to existing, new and ageing uranium production facilities and is intended for use by governmental organizations in Member States, regulatory bodies, and owners and operators of uranium mines and mills.
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
This publication was produced as part of the Working Group 4 of the IAEA Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments (MODARIA) programme, which focused on the analysis of radioecological data in IAEA Technical Reports Series publications to identify key radionuclides and associated parameter values for human and wildlife exposure assessment. The intent is to reduce uncertainties and to develop new approaches to strengthen the evaluation of the radiological impact to the public, as well as to flora and fauna, arising from radionuclides in the environment. The publication comprises two main sections. The first one considers prioritization approaches to identify the radionuclides and pathways that potentially contribute most to internal and external exposure to organisms in wildlife groups for different sources and exposure situations. The focus of the second section is the improvement of transfer parameter values for animal product data, namely cow and goat milk. Milk was selected as it often has a high priority in radiological environmental impact assessment. Examples of approaches that can be used to identify potentially important data gaps, illustrated using case studies are also presented. This publication is intended to provide Member States with technical information and data that can be used by their national authorities to develop and improve their models and approaches for radiological environmental impact assessment for facilities and activities.
375 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
Nuclear power plants (NPPs) are designed to ensure minimal waste arising during operation, and waste management processes further ensure that radioactive waste is managed safely and cost effectively. Although safety requirements for waste management need to be fulfilled unconditionally, the implementation of cost-efficient processes depends on the individual radioactive waste management (RWM) and spent fuel (SF) management policies adopted in a particular Member State. This publication provides end-users with useful technical information regarding waste minimization at NPP operations and examines typical waste inventories and minimization methodologies. It additionally explores solutions for optimizing the minimization of waste and evaluating RWM practices.
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
This publication evaluates the different coolant options considered for nuclear applications with a fast neutron spectrum (i.e. fusion, fission and accelerators), compiles the latest information in the field and identifies research needs. In this study, systems cooled by light and heavy liquid metals, molten salts, as well as gas and water choices are analysed and discussed. This TECDOC documents the present state of knowledge in the area of fusion, fission and accelerator applications, and the major progress in methods and approaches made in the past years based on observations, experimental findings and operational experience. Moreover, it identifies knowledge gaps and addresses near term research and development efforts required to overcome them.
Ageing Management of Nuclear Power Plants During Delayed Construction Periods, Extended Shutdown and Permanent Shutdown Prior to Decommissioning
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
As part of the IAEA programme on International Generic Ageing Lessons Learned (IGALL), this publication provides a summarized description of internationally accepted practices. Examples of the national approaches to ageing management for the specific periods of extended shutdown, delayed construction and post final shutdown as applied in the nuclear power plants of participating IGALL Member States are presented. In addition, some of the information is also applicable for the evaluation of ageing effects prior to and after restarting operation. The publication complements existing IAEA publications on ageing management approaches of Member States during normal operation and is intended for use by regulatory bodies, operating organizations, manufacturers, designers and technical support organizations.
Material Properties of Unirradiated Uranium–Molybdenum (U–Mo) Fuel for Research Reactors
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
This publication presents the material properties of all unirradiated Uranium–Molybdenum (U-Mo) fuel constituents that are essential for fuel designers and reactor operators to evaluate the fuel’s performance and safety for research reactors. Many significant advances in the understanding and development of low enriched uranium U–Mo fuels have been made since 2004, stimulated by the need to understand irradiation behavior and early fuel failures during testing. The publication presents a comprehensive overview of mechanical and physical property data from U-Mo fuel research.
Assessing National Economic Effects of Nuclear Programmes
Final Report of a Coordinated Research Project
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
239 kr
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This publication presents the outcomes of an IAEA coordinated research project on assessing the national economic effects of nuclear programmes in participating Member States. It provides a short description of the extended input–output model for sustainable power generation (EMPOWER), developed by the IAEA, and presents concise summaries of its applications. It further includes the results produced by the contributing research teams and summarizes general insights drawn from the national studies. The publication illustrates the state of the art of assessing macroeconomic impacts of nuclear energy programmes. It is expected to support further applications of advanced models to improve the understanding of macroeconomic and sectoral impacts of building and operating nuclear power plants
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
The publication focuses on radioecologjcal experience and data acquired and lessons learned in Japan following the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in March 2011. The publication brings together outcomes of the extensive studies, done by Japanese scientists and their colleagues from other countries, on characterization of radioecological transfer parameters in the terrestrial and aquatic environments of Japan affected by radionuclides released in the accident. The Japan specific data are systematically presented and compared to the global experience gained from the earlier nuclear accidents, military or industrial activities. Climate, landscape, agriculture and food processing practices, lifestyle and national dietary customs are shown as factors influencing transfer of radionuclides through the environment and human food chains. The publication summarizes country specific experience and puts it into existing global radioecological contexts.
Implementation and Effectiveness of Actions Taken at Nuclear Power Plants Following the Fukushima Daiichi Accident
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
The IAEA reports on lessons learned and actions taken after the Fukushima Daiichi Accident. This publication addresses the challenges faced and the ongoing needs of Member State organizations which have been implementing and maintaining post-Fukushima actions. It discusses the actions taken (or to be taken), good practices and describes effective solutions to issues in implementation, verification, qualification and maintenance. Also discussed are the approaches to measuring and maintaining effectiveness of actions as well as an analysis of merits, costs and benefits. Examples in decision making for implementation and follow-up policies, programmes and procedures to ensure sustainability in the long term are presented.
Introduction to Practical Industrial Tomography Techniques for Non-destructive Testing (NDT)
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
223 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
Industrial computed tomography for advanced industrial non-destructive evaluation is a complex technological area, encompassing nuclear radiation detectors, mechanical engineering, computational mathematics and radiation physics. Additionally, the cost of applying this technology may be prohibitive. This guidebook provides an introduction to gamma computed tomography for non-destructive evaluation imaging in the simplest configuration. It is intended to be of use to the non-destructive testing community, currently practicing conventional radiography techniques. It provides clear information on the relevant practical issues and problems related to setting up computed tomography for industrial non-destructive testing and establishes a basis for understanding the intricacies of the technology
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
The IAEA Regulations for the safe transport of radioactive material specify test requirements for Type C packages, which are used for shipments of radioactive material by air. From 1998 to 2006, the IAEA conducted a coordinated research project (CRP) to assess aircraft accident frequency and severity in the context of Type C package test requirements. This publication presents the outcome of the original research conducted under the CRP. The results are expected to lead to increased knowledge of the post-crash survivability of packages containing high activity radioactive material.
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
The importance of recycling the spent nuclear fuel through partitioning processes has been recognized worldwide for increasing and sustaining nuclear energy. Therefore, the development of advanced partitioning processes, based either on hydrometallurgical or on pyrometallurgical technologies, has received an increasing interest in recent years. Moving towards industrial demonstration, partitioning processes are applied for the separation of actinides, including minor actinides, not only to reduce the burden of high level waste to be disposed of, in terms of heat-load and radiotoxicity, but also to improve the efficiency of the resources' utilization. Furthermore, in the case of Molten Salt Reactors, whose fuel cycle is primary based on pyrochemical processes, there is a need for strengthening pyrometallurgical technologies. This publication reviews the status and trends in the development of pyrometallurgical processes and technologies for processing spent nuclear fuel and identifies gap areas requiring further development.
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
This publication addresses relevant aspects of foreign material management for nuclear power plants, including the roles of all stakeholders at various stages during the lifetime of a nuclear power plant. The report shares knowledge on challenges, solutions and good practices based on operating experience. Providing a set of descriptive processes that integrate safety, performance and economic aspects of foreign material management, the publication supports efforts to eliminate or minimize foreign material related incidents, and to ensure reliable and efficient operation and maintenance of nuclear power plants.
Approaches to Management of Requirement Specifications for Nuclear Facilities Throughout Their Life Cycle
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
The design and operational requirements of nuclear facilities, such as nuclear power plants (NPPs), are specified and managed to ensure the safety and optimized operation of the facility. These requirements and how they are managed, interpreted and used to support facility functions and activities, are very important in all the life cycle phases of the facility from design through construction, commissioning, operation, and from refurbishment to decommissioning. This publication analyses and provides new insights into the different approaches followed by the nuclear industry for their effective management as well as guidance to develop a comprehensive requirement management programme in nuclear facilities. Although the guidance provided is based on industry experience to develop such programmes for NPPs, the principles and approaches provided can be used in all nuclear facilities including research reactors, fuel manufacturing facilities, fuel reprocessing and waste management facilities.
Application of a Graded Approach in Regulating the Safety of Radiation Sources
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
A properly established governmental, legal and regulatory framework for safety provides for the effective regulatory control of facilities and activities with radiation sources. An important aspect of a regulatory framework is to ensure that the implementation of the regulatory programme is commensurate with the radiation risks associated with facilities and activities, in accordance with a graded approach. This publication provides practical guidance on the application of a graded approach in regulating the safety of radiation sources. Examples of applying this approach in some Member States are included. The proposed methodologies promote a systematic and consistent approach to regulating in accordance with the IAEA safety standards.
Level 1 Probabilistic Safety Assessment Practices for Nuclear Power Plants with CANDU-Type Reactors
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
239 kr
Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar
This publication provides a comprehensive summary of experiences and results collected at a series of technical meetings of Member States currently operating CANDU-type nuclear power plants. Special emphasis is placed on supporting future harmonization in the regulatory framework, level 1 PSA methodologies and tools and level 1 PSA scope. In addition, information is shared on actions undertaken in response to lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi accident.
Applicability of Design Safety Requirements to Small Modular Reactor Technologies Intended for Near Term Deployment
Light Water Reactors High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactors
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
IAEA Member States have expressed relevant interest in the development and deployment of small and medium-sized or modular reactors (SMRs) to help cover their energy needs in the coming decades. SMR designs may include technological characteristics that differ significantly from those of the large nuclear power plants that are commercially available. Those SMR characteristics can represent a challenge when the existing design requirements, as established in IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSR-2/1 (Rev. 1) Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Design, are intended to be applied to SMRs. This publication focuses on the engineering judgement necessary to apply each of the design requirements in SSR-2/1 (Rev. 1), and also the entire set of requirements, to light water cooled and high temperature gas cooled SMRs. The publication includes the common ground reached by representatives from regulatory bodies, technical and scientific support organizations (TSOs) and SMR design organizations regarding the applicability of the design requirements to both SMR technologies. The insights provided are also intended to contribute to motivating further progress in the harmonization of national and international views on safety approaches for SMR technologies. This publication is intended for use by organizations dealing with nuclear power plant design or operation, and by regulatory bodies and TSOs, particularly from countries that are initiating or enlarging nuclear power programmes that include SMR units.
Studies of Temporal Trends of Pollution in Selected Coastal Areas by the Application of Isotopic and Nuclear Techniques
Häftad, Engelska, 2025
361 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
Lead-210 (Pb-210) dating can be used to understand depositional trends of contaminants in the coastal marine environment. Decades of research have been committed to optimizing the use of Pb-210 as an isotopic tool to date sediment layers, yet challenges in its application limit its full potential. This TECDOC uses real case studies from around the world to examine the challenges and assumptions in using the method, the scope of its use, discussion on model usage, and validation. The geographic diversity of the presented studies provides a snapshot of the effect of anthropogenic activities and the resulting organic, inorganic, and radioactive contaminants on our coastal oceans. This publication is intended for environmental scientists and marine managers.
Current Approaches to the Analysis of Design Extension Conditions with Core Melting for New Nuclear Power Plants
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
The focus of this publication is on collecting current practices in Member States related to design extension conditions (DECs) with core melting. The information provided is based on the feedback from technical experts from Canada, France, Finland, India, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Russian Federation, and the United States of America. There is, however, still no common understanding of DECs due to the complexity of phenomena and insufficient experimental data. This publication identifies current approaches of IAEA Member States with active nuclear power programmes and discusses the regulatory perspective and technical rationale. It attempts to find common practices and possible areas for harmonization of the main rules related to the analysis of DECs with core melting for new water cooled reactors, including their selection for the safety demonstration.
217 kr
Skickas inom 7-10 vardagar
Research has been published over the past few decades on the possible use of thorium in various nuclear power reactor types. Therefore, it is worthwhile to analyse the supply situation for additional thorium generated as a by-product of commodities produced for non-nuclear purposes. This publication provides information on the natural occurrence of thorium, the geology of thorium and potential thorium resources. It presents an overview of exploration and evaluation of projects, including studies for project feasibility, principles of ore processing, as well as market and production scenarios. Selected examples of deposits containing thorium as a potential co-product or by-product are presented as case studies.