Ispra Courses – serie
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20 produkter
20 produkter
2 126 kr
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Within the framework of Ispra Courses, a course on "Applications of Remote Sensing to Agrometeorology" was held from April 6th to 10th, 1987 at the Joint Research Centre of the European Communities, Ispra Italy. The purpose of the course was to familiarize scientists, active in Agrometeorology and related fields, with remote sensing techniques and their potential applications in their respective disciplines. Conventional ground investigations in various fields of natural sciences such as hydrology, pedology and agrometeorology can be supple mented by a range of instruments carried by airborne or earth orbiting platforms. The last few years, in particular, have seen many developments in this respect and a growing amount of information can now be derived not only from dedicated earth resources satellites such as the LANDSAT and SPOT, but also from other platforms such as METEOSAT and the series of NOAA-TIROS. Future platforms (ERS-l, Space Station, etc.) with their advanced sensors will further broaden the range of applications open to the investigators. The use of these data sources, together with field investigations, can lead, at a reduced cost, to a better characterization of the spatial and temporal properties of natural systems.
Advanced Seminar on Common Cause Failure Analysis in Probabilistic Safety Assessment
Proceedings of the ISPRA Course held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, 16–19 November 1987
Inbunden, Engelska, 1989
2 126 kr
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There is today a wide range of pubLications avaiLabLe on the theory of reLiabiLity and the technique of ProbabiListic Safety AnaLysis (PSA). To pLace this work properLy in this context, we must recaLL a basic concept underLying both theory and technique, that of redundancy. ReLiabiLity is something which can be designed into a system, by the introduction of redundancy at appropriate points. John Von Neumann's historic paper of 1952 'ProbabiListic Logics and the Synthesis of ReLiabLe Organisms from UnreLiabLe Components" has served as inspiration for aLL subsequent work on systems reLiabiLity. This paper sings the praises of redundancy as a means of designing reLiabiLity into systems, or, to use Von Neumann's words, of minimising error. Redundancy, then, is a fundamentaL characteristic which a designer seeks to buiLd in by using appropriate structuraL characteristics of the 'modeL" or representation which he uses for his work. But any modeL is estabLished through a process of de Limination and decomposition.FirstLy, a "Universe of Discourse" is delineated; its component eLements are then separated out; and moreover in a probabiListic framework for each eLement each possibLe state is defined and assigned an appropriate possibiLity measure caLLed probability.
2 126 kr
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Proceedings of the ISPRA Course held at Ispra, Italy, October 22-26, 1979
2 126 kr
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Lectures delivered at the Management Training Seminar held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, May 3-14, 1982
2 137 kr
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Lectures of a Course held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, May 7-11, 1984
1 604 kr
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2 137 kr
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Proceedings of the Advanced Seminar held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, June 4-8, 1984
2 137 kr
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Proceedings of the ISPRA-Course Held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, October 21-25, 1985, in Collaboration with EuReDatA
2 137 kr
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Proceedings of the ISPRA Course Held November 25-29, 1985, Organized in Collaboration with the European Safety and Reliability Association-ESRA
3 202 kr
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Proceedings of the ISPRA-Course held at the Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Navales, Spain, September 22-26, 1986 in collaboration with Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Advanced Seminar on Common Cause Failure Analysis in Probabilistic Safety Assessment
Proceedings of the ISPRA Course held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, 16–19 November 1987
Häftad, Engelska, 2010
2 137 kr
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There is today a wide range of pubLications avaiLabLe on the theory of reLiabiLity and the technique of ProbabiListic Safety AnaLysis (PSA). To pLace this work properLy in this context, we must recaLL a basic concept underLying both theory and technique, that of redundancy. ReLiabiLity is something which can be designed into a system, by the introduction of redundancy at appropriate points. John Von Neumann's historic paper of 1952 'ProbabiListic Logics and the Synthesis of ReLiabLe Organisms from UnreLiabLe Components" has served as inspiration for aLL subsequent work on systems reLiabiLity. This paper sings the praises of redundancy as a means of designing reLiabiLity into systems, or, to use Von Neumann's words, of minimising error. Redundancy, then, is a fundamentaL characteristic which a designer seeks to buiLd in by using appropriate structuraL characteristics of the 'modeL" or representation which he uses for his work. But any modeL is estabLished through a process of de Limination and decomposition.FirstLy, a "Universe of Discourse" is delineated; its component eLements are then separated out; and moreover in a probabiListic framework for each eLement each possibLe state is defined and assigned an appropriate possibiLity measure caLLed probability.
556 kr
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Most computer users are familiar with the problems of sharing software with others, and the transfer of programs from one computing environment to another. Software represents an ever-increasing proportion of the cost of computing and these costs tend to nullify all the economic advantages flowing from the wider availability of cheap hardware. Years ago it was hoped that the widespread use of high-level programming languages would help in alleviating the problems of software production, by increasing productivity and by making it simpler for users with similar problems to be able to use the same programs, possibly on different types of machines. It is a common experience that in practice this simple optimism has proved to be unfounded. It was these considerations which led us in 1979 to organize a two-week course on "Programming for Software Sharing" at the European Community Joint Research Centre, Ispra Establishment (Italy), forming part of the regular series of "Ispra Courses". With prominent invited lecturers, local contributions and through discussion sessions we examined with an audience from many countries the problems involved in the sharing and transfer of software, as well as suggesting ways of overcoming them. In our local environment we are faced daily with three problems both from engagements in software exchange in the scientific-technical field on a Europe-wide or world-wide basis, and from work with programming techniques and contributions to the international standardization process.
Thermal Energy Storage
Lectures of a Course held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, June 1–5, 1981
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
539 kr
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1 072 kr
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This book presents models and methods for systems reliability assessment, human reliability analysis and uncertainty management. It includes fourteen contributions which are grouped into three sections. Section 1 deals with basic reliability methods and applications. The papers by Saiz de Bustamante and Perlado introduce the stochastic processes and the Monte Carlo method, respectively. Sanz Fermandez de Cordoba and Gonzales discuss important practical implications of the use of reliability methods. The former refers to the aerospace industry. The latter considers nuclear power plants. Session 2 presents some advances in systems reliability techniques. The paper by Contini and Poucet illustrates the mathematical analysis of fault trees and event trees. It includes a discussion on the logical analysis of non-coherent fault trees and considerations on the major measures of criticality and importance of a component. The paper by Babbio is devoted to Petri nets. First, the formalism of this relatively new technique is given. Then, stochastic Petri nets are introduced as a tool to describe the behaviour of systems in time. Finally, by some fully developed examples, it is shown how this approach can be used to represent and evaluate complex stochastic systems. Limnios introduces the notion of failure delay systems and gives the lifetime structure for the evaluation of reliability measures. A reservoir is studied as an example of a failure delay system.
Using Toolpack Software Tools
Proceedings of the Ispra-Course held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, 17–21 November 1986
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
539 kr
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I am very pleased to write these few brief paragraphs introducing this book, and would like to take this opportunity to attempt to set the Toolpack project in an appropriate historical context. The Toolpack project must be considered to have actually began in the Fall of 1978, when Prof. Webb C. Miller, at a meeting at Jet Propulsion Laboratories in Pasadena, California, suggested that there be a large-scale project, called Toolpack, aimed at pulling together a comprehensive collection of mathematical software development tools. It was suggested that the project follow the pattern of other "Pack" projects, such as Eispack, Linpack, and Funpack which had assembled and systematized comprehensive collections of mathematical software in such areas as eigenvalue computation, linear equation solution and special function approximation. From the that the Toolpack project would differ significantly from beginning it was recognized these earlier "Pack" projects in that it was attempting to assemble and systematize software in an area which was not well established and understood. Thus it was not clear how to organize and integrate the tools we were to collect into Toolpack. As a consequence Toolpack became simultaneously a research project and a development project. The research was aimed at determining effective strategies for large-scale integration of large-scale software tools, and the development project was aimed at implementing these strategies and using them to put high quality tools at the disposal of working mathematical software writers.
Risk Analysis in Nuclear Waste Management
Proceedings of the ISPRA-Course held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, 30 May - 3 June 1988
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
539 kr
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----- One of the arguments most frequently raised by objectors to nuclear power production is the spectrum of the hazard from the nuc.lear waste. In the public's perception one of the most dangerous features of this waste is the threat to future generations due to the long life of the radio-emitting nuclides. People's concern for this hazard seems to be greater than that for other types of toxic wastes, widely produced and released to the environment (heavy metals, PCBs, arsenic etc.) though these might last even longer. In fact public attitude toward risk depends very strongly on the nature of the risk, as clearly illustrated ill the initial papers of these proceedings. On this basis it appears that tile safety of the nuclear practice, including waste disposal, cannot be assessed only by comparison with other practices or risks. For this reason the analysts have accepted the challenge of investigating the long term safety of this type of waste, taking it much further than for many other known pollution problems affecting mankind. Moreover, for one of the first times lhis is being dulle IJi2fure disp,)sal. The c,)ntributiolls tu these pruceedillljs attempt to describe the specific nature of this type of assessment, pi esent ing Ilew developments which have been made in the field. These include the recourse to system variability analysis, the use of natural and archaeulugical analogues and predictive geology.
2 137 kr
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Within the framework of Ispra Courses, a course on "Applications of Remote Sensing to Agrometeorology" was held from April 6th to 10th, 1987 at the Joint Research Centre of the European Communities, Ispra Italy. The purpose of the course was to familiarize scientists, active in Agrometeorology and related fields, with remote sensing techniques and their potential applications in their respective disciplines. Conventional ground investigations in various fields of natural sciences such as hydrology, pedology and agrometeorology can be supple mented by a range of instruments carried by airborne or earth orbiting platforms. The last few years, in particular, have seen many developments in this respect and a growing amount of information can now be derived not only from dedicated earth resources satellites such as the LANDSAT and SPOT, but also from other platforms such as METEOSAT and the series of NOAA-TIROS. Future platforms (ERS-l, Space Station, etc.) with their advanced sensors will further broaden the range of applications open to the investigators. The use of these data sources, together with field investigations, can lead, at a reduced cost, to a better characterization of the spatial and temporal properties of natural systems.
539 kr
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This book contains the lectures of the 5th Advanced Seminar on Fracture Mechanics (ASFM 5) held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, on 14-18 October 1985. The series of the ASFMs is one of the two main regularly scheduled international events sponsored by the European Group on Fracture (EGF) , alternating with the European Conferences of Fracture (ECFS). Whereas ECFs are held in a different place on even years (the last. ECF6,was in Amsterdam in June 1986), ASFMs are hosted at the JRC Ispra on odd years. This establishment belonging to the Commission of the European Communities performs research work of common interest to the EC Member countries. One of the activities of the JRC-Ispra is the organization of Ispra-Courses aiming at the transfer of knowledge and the strengthening of exchanges and ties between European scientific workers. ASFMs are designed to give an advanced level treatment in selected areas of fracture mechanics. Previous ASFMs had been devoted to elastic-plastic fracture mechanics and to subcritical crack growth due to fatigue, stress corrosion and creep. In the early stages of preparation of ASFM5 it was decided to concentrate on a new theme, the fracture phenomena and fracture mechanics of non-metallic materials. Whereas fracture mechanics started with the study of glass by Griffith, its later developments centered predominantly on metallic alloys. However, in recent years non-metallic materials have found increasing uses and correspondingly efforts have been made to develop testing and prediction methods for these materials.
539 kr
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L. H. Larsson Introduction to the Advanced Seminar ASF114 on Elastic-Plastic Fracture Nechanics Ad Bakker The J-concept: Theoretical Basis and its Use in EPFM 13 Ad Bakker Case Studies on the Determination of Applied J-values 55 S. J. Garwood The Measurement of Critical Values of Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) and J on Parent Steels and "leldments ~or Use in Fracture Assessments 85 J. G. Blauel Ductile Fracture Material Characterization by J-R Curves 117 J. Bernard and G. Verzeletti Experimental Determination of Fracture Nechanics Parameters of Irradiated Materials 145 D. 1-1unz Surface Cracks 165 ~iJ. Dahl and D. Dormagen ~1icromechanisms of Crack Initiation and Crack Propagation 203 L. G. Lamain Numerical Analysis in EPFM 227 F. Mudry 11ethodology and Applications of Local Criteria for the Prediction of Ductile Tearing 263 D. Fran~ois Fracture and Damage 285 F. Hudry Cleavage Fracture and Transition: Application to the Warm Prestress Effect 303 A. R. Dowling, R. P. Harrison, K. Loosemore, R. P *. Ainsworth and 1. Milne I'/ORKSHOP 1 I'lorked Examples Using the CEGB Procedure for the Assessment of the Integrity of Structures Containing Defects 327 G.Rousselier WORKSHOP 2 The EPRI Method for Ductile Fracture Analysis 373 C. E. Turner WORKSHOP 3 The COD Method for Assessing the Significance of Defects 397 C. E. Turner WORKSHOP 4 A J-based Fracture Safe Estimation Procedure, EnJ, with Applications Including Estimation of the Maximum Load for Ductile Tearing 411 F. Nilsson and B.
Performance of Solar Energy Converters: Thermal Collectors and Photovoltaic Cells
Lectures of a Course held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, November 11–18, 1981
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
539 kr
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Solar cell~ and solar cell module~ have to be tested for their performance, i.e. their ability to produce electrical power under well-defined conditions of illumination and temperature. The need for performance measurements arises at various stages of development, design and production from different requirement~: at the development level, the main objective is to as~ess the performance of a new concept in comparison with state-of-the-art competitors; at the design level, performance data are required as input for the ~izing and dimensions of photovoltaic ~y~tem~ operating under certain environmental conditions; at the produc- tion level, the cells and modules must be acceptance te~ted against a set of specifications in order to separate deliverables from reject~. For accurate performance measurements and calibration, several methods exist which can be generally categorised into two clas~e~: outdoor methods in natural sunlight, and indoor method~, u~ing ~imulated ~unlight or indirect analytical method~. Depending on the purpose of a performance test, each of these method~ can offer specific advantage~.Therefore, the various methods are not to be looked at as competing, but rather as complementary tool~ for the achievement of accurate electrical performance measurement~.