Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design – serie

The book reports on the latest theoretical and experimental findings in the field of active flow and combustion control. It covers new developments in actuator technology and sensing, in robust and optimal open- and closed-loop control, as well as in model reduction for control, constant volume combustion and dynamic impingement cooling. The chapters reports oncutting-edge contributions presented during the fourth edition of the Active Flow and Combustion Control conference, held in September 19 to 21, 2018 at the Technische Universität Berlin, in Germany. This conference, as well as the research presented in the book, have been supported by the collaborative research center SFB 1029 on “Substantial efficiency increase in gas turbines through direct use of coupled unsteady combustion and flow dynamics”, funded by the DFG (German Research Foundation). It offers a timely guide for researchers and practitioners in the field of aeronautics, turbomachinery, control and combustion.

This book covers cutting-edge findings related to uncertainty quantification and optimization under uncertainties (i.e. robust and reliable optimization), with a special emphasis on aeronautics and turbomachinery, although not limited to these fields. It describes new methods for uncertainty quantification, such as non-intrusive polynomial chaos, collocation methods, perturbation methods, as well as adjoint based and multi-level Monte Carlo methods. It includes methods for characterization of most influential uncertainties, as well as formulations for robust and reliable design optimization. A distinctive element of the book is the unique collection of test cases with prescribed uncertainties, which are representative of the current engineering practice of the industrial consortium partners involved in UMRIDA, a level 1 collaborative project within the European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). All developed methods are benchmarked against these industrial challenges. Moreover, the book includes a section dedicated to Best Practice Guidelines for uncertainty quantification and robust design optimization, summarizing the findings obtained by the consortium members within the UMRIDA project. All in all, the book offers a authoritative guide to cutting-edge methodologies for uncertainty management in engineering design, covers a wide range of applications and discusses new ideas for future research and interdisciplinary collaborations.

This book reports on the 12th International Workshop on Railway Noise held on 12-16 September 2016 at Terrigal, Australia. It gathers peer-reviewed papers describing the latest developments in rail noise and vibration, as well as state-of-the-art reviews by distinguished experts in the field. The papers cover a broad range of rail noise topics including wheel squeal, policy, regulation and perception, wheel and rail noise, predictions, measurements and monitoring, interior noise, rail roughness, corrugation and grinding, high speed rail and aerodynamic noise, and structure-borne noise, ground-borne vibration and resilient track forms. It offers an essential reference-guide to both scientists and engineers in their daily efforts to identify, understand and solve a number of problems related to railway noise and vibration, and to achieve their ultimate goal of reducing the environmental impact of railway systems.

This book reports on the latest developments in computational fluid dynamics and turbulence modeling, with a special emphasis on hybrid RANS-LES methods and their industrial applications. It gathers the proceedings of the Sixth Symposium on Hybrid RANS-LES Methods, held on September 26-28 in Strasbourg, France. The different chapters covers a wealth of topics such as flow control, aero-acoustics, aero-elasticity and CFD-based multidisciplinary optimization. Further topics include wall-modelled Large Eddy Simulation (WMLES), embedded LES,  Lattice-Bolzman methods, turbulence-resolving applications and comparisons between LES, hybrid RANS-LES and URANS methods. The book addresses academic researchers, graduate students, industrial engineers, as well as industrial R&D managers and consultants dealing with turbulence modelling, simulation and measurement, and with multidisciplinary applications of computational fluid dynamics.

This book gathers contributions to the 21st biannual symposium of the German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association (STAB) and the German Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics (DGLR). The individual chapters reflect ongoing research conducted by the STAB members in the field of numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics, mainly for (but not limited to) aerospace applications, and cover both nationally and EC-funded projects. Special emphasis is given to collaborative research projects conducted by German scientists and engineers from universities, research-establishments and industries. By addressing a number of cutting-edge applications, together with the relevant physical and mathematics fundamentals, the book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the current research work in the field. The book’s primary emphasis is on aerodynamic research in aeronautics and astronautics, and in ground transportation and energy as well.

This book gathers contributions to the 21st biannual symposium of the German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association (STAB) and the German Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics (DGLR). The individual chapters reflect ongoing research conducted by the STAB members in the field of numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics, mainly for (but not limited to) aerospace applications, and cover both nationally and EC-funded projects. Special emphasis is given to collaborative research projects conducted by German scientists and engineers from universities, research-establishments and industries. By addressing a number of cutting-edge applications, together with the relevant physical and mathematics fundamentals, the book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the current research work in the field. The book’s primary emphasis is on aerodynamic research in aeronautics and astronautics, and in ground transportation and energy as well.

This book gathers the proceedings of the Seventh Symposium on Hybrid RANS-LES Methods, which was held on September 17-19 in Berlin, Germany. The different chapters, written by leading experts, reports on the most recent developments in flow physics modelling, and gives a special emphasis to industrially relevant applications of hybrid RANS-LES methods and other turbulence-resolving modelling approaches. The book addresses academic researchers, graduate students, industrial engineers, as well as industrial R&D managers and consultants dealing with turbulence modelling, simulation and measurement, and with multidisciplinary applications of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), such as flow control, aero-acoustics, aero-elasticity and CFD-based multidisciplinary optimization. It discusses in particular advanced hybrid RANS-LES methods. Further topics include wall-modelled Large Eddy Simulation (WMLES) methods, embedded LES, Lattice-Bolzman methods and turbulence-resolving applications and a comparison of the LES methods with both hybrid RANS-LES and URANS methods. Overall, the book provides readers with a snapshot on the state-of-the-art in CFD and turbulence modelling, with a special focus to hybrid RANS-LES methods and their industrial applications.

This book gathers the proceedings of the Seventh Symposium on Hybrid RANS-LES Methods, which was held on September 17-19 in Berlin, Germany. The different chapters, written by leading experts, reports on the most recent developments in flow physics modelling, and gives a special emphasis to industrially relevant applications of hybrid RANS-LES methods and other turbulence-resolving modelling approaches. The book addresses academic researchers, graduate students, industrial engineers, as well as industrial R&D managers and consultants dealing with turbulence modelling, simulation and measurement, and with multidisciplinary applications of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), such as flow control, aero-acoustics, aero-elasticity and CFD-based multidisciplinary optimization. It discusses in particular advanced hybrid RANS-LES methods. Further topics include wall-modelled Large Eddy Simulation (WMLES) methods, embedded LES, Lattice-Bolzman methods and turbulence-resolving applications and a comparison of the LES methods with both hybrid RANS-LES and URANS methods. Overall, the book provides readers with a snapshot on the state-of-the-art in CFD and turbulence modelling, with a special focus to hybrid RANS-LES methods and their industrial applications.

This book presents experimental and numerical findings on reducing shock-induced separation by applying transition upstream the shock wave. The purpose is to find out how close to the shock wave the transition should be located in order to obtain favorable turbulent boundary layer interaction. The book shares findings obtained using advanced flow measurement methods and concerning e.g. the transition location, boundary layer characteristics, and the detection of shock wave configurations. It includes a number of experimental case studies and CFD simulations that offer valuable insights into the flow structure. It covers RANS/URANS methods for the experimental test section design, as well as more advanced techniques, such as LES, hybrid methods and DNS for studying the transition and shock wave interaction in detail. The experimental and numerical investigations presented here were conducted by sixteen different partners in the context of the TFAST Project. The general focus is on determining if and how it is possible to improve flow performance in comparison to laminar interaction. The book mainly addresses academics and professionals whose work involves the aerodynamics of internal and external flows, as well as experimentalists working with compressible flows. It will also be of benefit for CFD developers and users, and for students of aviation and propulsion systems alike.

This book presents experimental and numerical findings on reducing shock-induced separation by applying transition upstream the shock wave. The purpose is to find out how close to the shock wave the transition should be located in order to obtain favorable turbulent boundary layer interaction. The book shares findings obtained using advanced flow measurement methods and concerning e.g. the transition location, boundary layer characteristics, and the detection of shock wave configurations. It includes a number of experimental case studies and CFD simulations that offer valuable insights into the flow structure. It covers RANS/URANS methods for the experimental test section design, as well as more advanced techniques, such as LES, hybrid methods and DNS for studying the transition and shock wave interaction in detail. The experimental and numerical investigations presented here were conducted by sixteen different partners in the context of the TFAST Project. The general focus is on determining if and how it is possible to improve flow performance in comparison to laminar interaction. The book mainly addresses academics and professionals whose work involves the aerodynamics of internal and external flows, as well as experimentalists working with compressible flows. It will also be of benefit for CFD developers and users, and for students of aviation and propulsion systems alike.

This book reports on the latest numerical and experimental findings in the field of high-lift technologies. It covers interdisciplinary research subjects relating to scientific computing, aerodynamics, aeroacoustics, material sciences, aircraft structures, and flight mechanics. The respective chapters are based on papers presented at the Final Symposium of the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 880, which was held on December 17-18, 2019 in Braunschweig, Germany. The conference and the research presented here were partly supported by the CRC 880 on “Fundamentals of High Lift for Future Civil Aircraft,” funded by the DFG (German Research Foundation). The papers offer timely insights into high-lift technologies for short take-off and landing aircraft, with a special focus on aeroacoustics, efficient high-lift, flight dynamics, and aircraft design.

This book reports on the latest numerical and experimental findings in the field of high-lift technologies. It covers interdisciplinary research subjects relating to scientific computing, aerodynamics, aeroacoustics, material sciences, aircraft structures, and flight mechanics. The respective chapters are based on papers presented at the Final Symposium of the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 880, which was held on December 17-18, 2019 in Braunschweig, Germany. The conference and the research presented here were partly supported by the CRC 880 on “Fundamentals of High Lift for Future Civil Aircraft,” funded by the DFG (German Research Foundation). The papers offer timely insights into high-lift technologies for short take-off and landing aircraft, with a special focus on aeroacoustics, efficient high-lift, flight dynamics, and aircraft design.

This open access book presents the findings of Collaborative Research Center Transregio 40 (TRR40), initiated in July 2008 and funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Gathering innovative design concepts for thrust chambers and nozzles, as well as cutting-edge methods of aft-body flow control and propulsion-component cooling, it brings together fundamental research undertaken at universities, testing carried out at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and industrial developments from the ArianeGroup.  With a particular focus on heat transfer analyses and novel cooling concepts for thermally highly loaded structures, the book highlights the aft-body flow of the space transportation system and its interaction with the nozzle flow, which are especially critical during the early phase of atmospheric ascent. Moreover, it describes virtual demonstrators for combustion chambers and nozzles, and discusses their industrial applicability. As such, it is a timely resource for researchers, graduate students and practitioners.

This open access book presents the findings of Collaborative Research Center Transregio 40 (TRR40), initiated in July 2008 and funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Gathering innovative design concepts for thrust chambers and nozzles, as well as cutting-edge methods of aft-body flow control and propulsion-component cooling, it brings together fundamental research undertaken at universities, testing carried out at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and industrial developments from the ArianeGroup.  With a particular focus on heat transfer analyses and novel cooling concepts for thermally highly loaded structures, the book highlights the aft-body flow of the space transportation system and its interaction with the nozzle flow, which are especially critical during the early phase of atmospheric ascent. Moreover, it describes virtual demonstrators for combustion chambers and nozzles, and discusses their industrial applicability. As such, it is a timely resource for researchers, graduate students and practitioners.

This book reports on the latest knowledge concerning critical phenomena arising in fluid-structure interaction due to movement and/or deformation of bodies. The focus of the book is on reporting progress in understanding turbulence and flow control to improve aerodynamic / hydrodynamic performance by reducing drag, increasing lift or thrust and reducing noise under critical conditions that may result in massive separation, strong vortex dynamics, amplification of harmful instabilities (flutter, buffet), and flow -induced vibrations. Theory together with large-scale simulations and experiments have revealed new features of turbulent flow in the boundary layer over bodies and in thin shear layers immediately downstream of separation. New insights into turbulent flow interacting with actively deformable structures, leading to new ways of adapting and controlling the body shape and vibrations to respond to these critical conditions, are investigated. The book covers new featuresof turbulent flows in boundary layers over wings and in shear layers immediately downstream: studies of natural and artificially generated fluctuations; reduction of noise and drag; and electromechanical conversion topics. Smart actuators as well as how smart designs lead to considerable benefits compared with conventional methods are also extensively discussed. Based on contributions presented at the IUTAM Symposium “Critical Flow Dynamics involving Moving/Deformable Structures with Design applications”, held in June 18-22, 2018, in Santorini, Greece, the book provides readers with extensive information about current theories, methods and challenges in flow and turbulence control, and practical knowledge about how to use this information together with smart and bio-inspired design tools to improve aerodynamic and hydrodynamic design and safety.

This book reports on the latest knowledge concerning critical phenomena arising in fluid-structure interaction due to movement and/or deformation of bodies. The focus of the book is on reporting progress in understanding turbulence and flow control to improve aerodynamic / hydrodynamic performance by reducing drag, increasing lift or thrust and reducing noise under critical conditions that may result in massive separation, strong vortex dynamics, amplification of harmful instabilities (flutter, buffet), and flow -induced vibrations. Theory together with large-scale simulations and experiments have revealed new features of turbulent flow in the boundary layer over bodies and in thin shear layers immediately downstream of separation. New insights into turbulent flow interacting with actively deformable structures, leading to new ways of adapting and controlling the body shape and vibrations to respond to these critical conditions, are investigated. The book covers new featuresof turbulent flows in boundary layers over wings and in shear layers immediately downstream: studies of natural and artificially generated fluctuations; reduction of noise and drag; and electromechanical conversion topics. Smart actuators as well as how smart designs lead to considerable benefits compared with conventional methods are also extensively discussed. Based on contributions presented at the IUTAM Symposium “Critical Flow Dynamics involving Moving/Deformable Structures with Design applications”, held in June 18-22, 2018, in Santorini, Greece, the book provides readers with extensive information about current theories, methods and challenges in flow and turbulence control, and practical knowledge about how to use this information together with smart and bio-inspired design tools to improve aerodynamic and hydrodynamic design and safety.

This book offers detailed insights into new methods for high-fidelity CFD, and their industrially relevant applications in aeronautics. It reports on the H2020 TILDA project, funded by the European Union in 2015-2018. The respective chapters demonstrate the potential of high-order methods for enabling more accurate predictions of non-linear, unsteady flows, ensuring enhanced reliability in CFD predictions. The book highlights industrially relevant findings and representative test cases on the development of high-order methods for unsteady turbulence simulations on unstructured grids; on the development of the LES/DNS methodology by means of multilevel, adaptive, fractal and similar approaches for applications on unstructured grids; and on leveraging existent large-scale HPC networks to facilitate the industrial applications of LES/DNS in daily practice. Furthermore, the book discusses multidisciplinary applications of high-order methods in the area of aero-acoustics. All in all, it offers timely insights into the application and performance of high-order methods for CFD, and an extensive reference guide for researchers, graduate students, and industrial engineers whose work involves CFD and turbulence modeling.

This book offers detailed insights into new methods for high-fidelity CFD, and their industrially relevant applications in aeronautics. It reports on the H2020 TILDA project, funded by the European Union in 2015-2018. The respective chapters demonstrate the potential of high-order methods for enabling more accurate predictions of non-linear, unsteady flows, ensuring enhanced reliability in CFD predictions. The book highlights industrially relevant findings and representative test cases on the development of high-order methods for unsteady turbulence simulations on unstructured grids; on the development of the LES/DNS methodology by means of multilevel, adaptive, fractal and similar approaches for applications on unstructured grids; and on leveraging existent large-scale HPC networks to facilitate the industrial applications of LES/DNS in daily practice. Furthermore, the book discusses multidisciplinary applications of high-order methods in the area of aero-acoustics. All in all, it offers timely insights into the application and performance of high-order methods for CFD, and an extensive reference guide for researchers, graduate students, and industrial engineers whose work involves CFD and turbulence modeling.

This book presents a snapshot of the state-of-art in the field of turbulence modeling, with an emphasis on numerical methods. Topics include direct numerical simulations, large eddy simulations, compressible turbulence, coherent structures, two-phase flow simulation and many more. It includes both theoretical contributions and experimental works, as well as chapters derived from keynote lectures, presented at the fifth Turbulence and Interactions Conference (TI 2018), which was held on June 25-29 in Martinique, France. This multifaceted collection, which reflects the conference´s emphasis on the interplay of theory, experiments and computing in the process of understanding and predicting the physics of complex flows and solving related engineering problems, offers a timely guide for students, researchers and professionals in the field of applied computational fluid dynamics, turbulence modeling and related areas.

This book presents a snapshot of the state-of-art in the field of turbulence modeling, with an emphasis on numerical methods. Topics include direct numerical simulations, large eddy simulations, compressible turbulence, coherent structures, two-phase flow simulation and many more. It includes both theoretical contributions and experimental works, as well as chapters derived from keynote lectures, presented at the fifth Turbulence and Interactions Conference (TI 2018), which was held on June 25-29 in Martinique, France. This multifaceted collection, which reflects the conference´s emphasis on the interplay of theory, experiments and computing in the process of understanding and predicting the physics of complex flows and solving related engineering problems, offers a timely guide for students, researchers and professionals in the field of applied computational fluid dynamics, turbulence modeling and related areas.

This book reports on the 13th International Workshop on Railway Noise (IWRN13), held on September 16-20, 2019, in Ghent, Belgium. It gathers original peer-reviewed papers describing the latest developments in railway noise and vibration, as well as state-of-the-art reviews written by authoritative experts in the field. The different papers cover a broad range of railway noise and vibration topics, such as rolling noise, wheel squeal, noise perception, prediction methods, measurements and monitoring, and vehicle interior noise. Further topics include rail roughness, rail corrugation and grinding, high-speed rail and aerodynamic noise,  structure-borne noise, ground-borne noise and vibration, and resilient track forms. Policy, criteria and regulation are also discussed. Offering extensive and timely information to both scientists and engineers, this book will help them in their daily efforts to identify, understand and solve problems related to railway noise and vibration, and toachieve the ultimate goal of reducing the environmental impact of railway systems.

This book reports on the 13th International Workshop on Railway Noise (IWRN13), held on September 16-20, 2019, in Ghent, Belgium. It gathers original peer-reviewed papers describing the latest developments in railway noise and vibration, as well as state-of-the-art reviews written by authoritative experts in the field. The different papers cover a broad range of railway noise and vibration topics, such as rolling noise, wheel squeal, noise perception, prediction methods, measurements and monitoring, and vehicle interior noise. Further topics include rail roughness, rail corrugation and grinding, high-speed rail and aerodynamic noise,  structure-borne noise, ground-borne noise and vibration, and resilient track forms. Policy, criteria and regulation are also discussed. Offering extensive and timely information to both scientists and engineers, this book will help them in their daily efforts to identify, understand and solve problems related to railway noise and vibration, and toachieve the ultimate goal of reducing the environmental impact of railway systems.

This book offers timely insights into research on numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics, mainly for (but not limited to) aerospace applications. It reports on findings by members of the STAB (German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association) and DGLR (German Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics) and covers both nationally and EC-funded projects. Continuing on the tradition of the previous volumes, the book highlights innovative solutions, promoting translation from fundamental research to industrial applications. It addresses academics and professionals in the field of aeronautics, astronautics, ground transportation, and energy alike.

This book offers timely insights into research on numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics, mainly for (but not limited to) aerospace applications. It reports on findings by members of the STAB (German Aerospace Aerodynamics Association) and DGLR (German Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics) and covers both nationally and EC-funded projects. Continuing on the tradition of the previous volumes, the book highlights innovative solutions, promoting translation from fundamental research to industrial applications. It addresses academics and professionals in the field of aeronautics, astronautics, ground transportation, and energy alike.

The book reports on the latest theoretical and experimental findings in the field of active flow and combustion control, in the context of energy conversion for power and propulsion systems. It covers new developments in actuator technology and sensing, robust and optimal open- and closed-loop control, model reduction for control purposes, and unsteady turbine cooling and performance, among other relevant topics.  Gathering contributions to the Active Flow and Combustion Control (AFCC 2021), held virtually on September 28-29, 2021, from the Technische Universität Berlin, Germany, this book describes research that has been carried out within, and supported by, the collaborative research center SFB 1029 on “Substantial efficiency increase in gas turbines through direct use of coupled unsteady combustion and flow dynamics”, and funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). It highlights theoretical and practical aspects, and corresponding solutions, that are important for the development of future energy conversion systems, thus offering a timely guide for researchers and practitioners in the field of aeronautics, turbomachinery, control and combustion.

The book reports on the latest theoretical and experimental findings in the field of active flow and combustion control, in the context of energy conversion for power and propulsion systems. It covers new developments in actuator technology and sensing, robust and optimal open- and closed-loop control, model reduction for control purposes, and unsteady turbine cooling and performance, among other relevant topics.  Gathering contributions to the Active Flow and Combustion Control (AFCC 2021), held virtually on September 28-29, 2021, from the Technische Universität Berlin, Germany, this book describes research that has been carried out within, and supported by, the collaborative research center SFB 1029 on “Substantial efficiency increase in gas turbines through direct use of coupled unsteady combustion and flow dynamics”, and funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). It highlights theoretical and practical aspects, and corresponding solutions, that are important for the development of future energy conversion systems, thus offering a timely guide for researchers and practitioners in the field of aeronautics, turbomachinery, control and combustion.

This book reports on advanced strategies to design, modeling and testing morphing wings for aeronautical applications. Covering the major outcomes of the multidisciplinary project “Smart Morphing & Sensing” (H2020 N° 723402 SMS), funded by the European Union between 2017 and 2020, it presents a complete set of theories and methods that have been used and developed to integrate novel electroactive actuators and sensors in wings, for the purpose of increasing their aerodynamic efficiency and attenuate vibrations and noise. Topics include: integrated aeroelastic design of morphing wings using high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics and structural mechanics, distributed sensing using a new generation of high-fidelity fiber optics sensors, and controller design by appropriate flight control commands. Further, the book reports on advanced experimental techniques to validate novel actuation and sensing systems on the built prototypes via wind tunnel tests at subsonic (take-offand landing) and transonic (cruise) speeds. All in all, this volume provides readers with extensive and timely information on research and developments of bioinspired aircraft wings.

This book reports on advanced strategies to design, modeling and testing morphing wings for aeronautical applications. Covering the major outcomes of the multidisciplinary project “Smart Morphing & Sensing” (H2020 N° 723402 SMS), funded by the European Union between 2017 and 2020, it presents a complete set of theories and methods that have been used and developed to integrate novel electroactive actuators and sensors in wings, for the purpose of increasing their aerodynamic efficiency and attenuate vibrations and noise. Topics include: integrated aeroelastic design of morphing wings using high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics and structural mechanics, distributed sensing using a new generation of high-fidelity fiber optics sensors, and controller design by appropriate flight control commands. Further, the book reports on advanced experimental techniques to validate novel actuation and sensing systems on the built prototypes via wind tunnel tests at subsonic (take-offand landing) and transonic (cruise) speeds. All in all, this volume provides readers with extensive and timely information on research and developments of bioinspired aircraft wings.

This book offers timely insights into research on numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics, mainly for (but not limited to) aerospace applications. It reports on findings by members of the Deutsche Strömungsmechanische Arbeitsgemeinschaft, STAB (German Aerodynamics/Fluid Mechanics Association) and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal Oberth e.V., DGLR (German Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics) and covers both nationally and EC-funded projects. Continuing on the tradition of the previous volumes, the book highlights innovative solutions, promoting translation from fundamental research to industrial applications. It addresses academics and professionals in the field of aeronautics, astronautics, ground transportation, and energy alike.