Significant Figures in World History – serie

Charles Darwin: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works provides an important new compendium presenting a detailed chronology of all aspects Darwin’s life. The extensive encyclopedia section includes many hundreds of entries of various kinds related to Darwin – people, places, institutions, concepts, and his publications. The bibliography provides a comprehensive listing of the vast majority of Darwin’s works published during and after his lifetime. It also provides a more selective list of publications concerning his life and work.Includes a nearly year by year chronology detailing Charles Darwin’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes many entries on concepts and people important in Charles Darwin’s life and his work, emphasizing during his lifetime but extending somewhat backwards and forwards from there. The bibliography includes all of Charles Darwin's articles and books published in his lifetime in English and other languages, as well as a selective list of works about him and his work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Robert E. Lee: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works covers all aspects of his life and work, including individuals, places, and events that shaped Lee’s career as a Virginian, soldier, and peacemaker. The extensive A to Z section includes several hundred entries. The bibliography provides a comprehensive list of publications concerning his life and work.Includes a detailed chronology detailing Robert E. Lee’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes family members, campaigns in two different wars, cities as well as rivers and land areas of the time, military strategy and tactics, lieutenants and opponents, army organization, politics contending with war, plus seldom-mentioned topics such as geography, earthworks, desertion, personal health, and even the legendary “Rebel Yell.”The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning his life and work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Napoléon Bonaparte: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works cover all aspects of his life and work, from his birth in Corsica to his death in St. Helena.Includes a detailed chronology of Napoléon Bonaparte’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes the major events, places, and people in Napoleon’s life.Appendixes listing Napoleon’s marshals, his family, a selection of the most important battles, and a selection of the most significant treaties or documents.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning his life and works.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Sigmund Freud’s name is known throughout the world. He opened up the world of the unconscious, so people can understand themselves so much better than before. His unique ideas are discussed in academic circles. His psychoanalytic techniques influenced mental health, counselling, psychotherapy and psychiatry. His words form part of everyday language. Lying on a couch and having dreams interpreted by an analyst is an iconic picture of modern life and popular culture. Sigmund Freud: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Work captures his eventful life, his works, and his legacy. The volume features a chronology, an introduction, a comprehensive bibliography, and the dictionary section lists entries on Freud, his family, friends (and foes), colleagues, and the evolution of psychoanalysis.

A Library Journal Best Reference Book of 2022Harriet Ross Tubman, born enslaved in Maryland emerged from the most oppressive of conditions to lead others to freedom along the Underground Railroad and then continue her fight against slavery on the battlefields of the Civil War. During the last fifty years of her life in New York she campaigned for voting and civil rights, became an entrepreneur, a philanthropist, community organizer and leader.Harriet Tubman: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Works captures her life, her works, and legacy. It features a chronology, an introduction offers a brief account of her life, a dictionary section lists entries on people, places, and events central to Tubman’s life as an enslaved person, liberator, abolitionist, soldier, spy, wife, mother, and public figure, and includes the most recent research findings and the latest efforts to memorialize her.

Martin Luther King Jr.: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works allows the reader to explore not just the facets of Martin Luther King, Jr.'s career but the network of associates across the Civil Rights Movement that enabled him to move forward with his campaigns for racial justice. Drawing on wide-ranging scholarship, the volume allows the reader to understand King in the context of his times. It features a chronology, an introduction that briefly covers his life, a comprehensive bibliography, and a dictionary section with entries on people, places, and events related to him.

Leonardo da Vinci: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works covers all aspects of his life and work, beginning with his paintings, including several he never completed, that form the core of his artistic oeuvre. The extensive A to Z section includes several hundred entries. The bibliography provides a comprehensive list of publications concerning his life and workIncludes a detailed chronology detailing Leonardo Da Vinci’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes Leonardo’s main patrons, the major places he worked, and the artists and scholars whose work and ideas played an important role in the formation of his career.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning his life and work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

John F. Kennedy: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works cover all aspects of his life and work. Despite his short tenure in office, Kennedy shaped the domestic and international direction of the nation for decades to come. He is remembered domestically for the hope and encouragement he instilled in the struggle for civil rights, his support for the freedom riders and for equality for women. Abroad, his memory lives in his handling of the Cold War against an aggressive Soviet Union and such events as the Berlin crisis and Wall, his intervention in the Vietnam War, the invasion of Cuba and Bay of Pigs disaster, the Cuban Missile crisis, and the beginnings of space exploration—all of which tested the young, relatively inexperienced, leader.Includes a detailed chronology detailing John F. Kennedy’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes family members, his handling of the Cold War, and such events as the Berlin crisis and Wall, his intervention in the Vietnam War, the invasion of Cuba and Bay of Pigs disaster, the Cuban Missile crisis, and the beginnings of space exploration.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning his life and work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Winston Churchill has for decades been regarded as one of the greatest statesmen of the 20th century, not just in his home country Britain but in the USA as well, where he continues to be an inspiration to many to this day. In 2002 he was voted The Greatest Briton, and the 2016 movie The Darkest Hour continues his global iconic status as someone who stood up to tyranny in 1940, against all the odds, and prevailed. But while 1940 has deserved iconic status, Churchill’s 60 year political career saw as many downs as ups, disasters as well as triumphs, and had he died in 1939 he would, historians judge, have been seen as a failure not the hero he went on to become. So we need to see the whole of Churchill’s life to gain a proper perspective, and that is exactly what this book sets out to achieveIncludes a detailed chronology of Churchill’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes the major events, places, and people in Churchill’s life.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning his life and work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Nelson Mandela: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works covers the life of Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, who was a freedom fighter, a political prisoner, a Nobel Peace Prize winner, and the first president of a democratic South Africa. This book guides readers in understanding the background to Mandela’s life and the context of his political career, and it emphasizes the perspectives and philosophies that formed Mandela as he grew up in the world of segregationist and apartheid South Africa.Includes a detailed chronology of Mandela’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes the major events, places, and people in Mandela’s life.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning his life and work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Henry VIII was one of the most volatile and unpredictable monarchs in English history. Despite his famously explosive temper, his overbearing bluster and his appalling disregard for human life, he also proved himself at times to be a caring husband, a loyal friend, a compassionate ruler and a pious believer as well. Henry VIII: A Reference Guide to His Life and Work captures his eventful life, his works, and his legacy. It features a chronology, an introduction, a comprehensive bibliography, and the dictionary section lists entries on all the locales, events and personalities associated with King Henry from the years before his birth, through the nearly 38 years of his reign, to the subsequent régimes of his three royal children and successors.

Golda Meir: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Works covers all aspects of her life and work. Golda Meir held some of the most important positions her party and country could offer, she was a unique personality, an impressive leader, a highly complex individual..Includes a detailed chronology of Golda’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes the major events, places, and people in Golda’s life.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning her life and work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Karl Marx: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works covers all aspects of his life and works. Marx was a philosopher, a crusading journalist, as well as a political organizer and activist advocating democratic reforms, working-class political organizations, and the establishment of a socialist political order.Includes a comprehensive historical timeline of major events involving or related to MarxThe A to Z section includes the major events, works, and concepts related to MarxBibliography of major works by and about Marx and events surrounding his life and worksThe index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries

Michelangelo: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works cover the life and works of Michelangelo Buonarroti. Michelangelo is considered to be one of the greatest masters in history and he produced some of the most notable icons of civilization, including the Sistine Ceiling frescoes, the Moses, and the Pietà at St. Peter’s.Includes a detailed chronology of Michelangelo’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes the major events, places, and people in Michelangelo’s life and the complete works of his sculptures, paintings, architectural designs, drawings, and poetry.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning his life and work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Florence Nightingale: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Works cover all aspects of her life and works, from her birth in Florence to her death in London.A detailed chronology of Florence Nightingale’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes the major events, places, and people in Nightingale’s life.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning her life and work.The index thoroughly cross-refIncludes a detailed chronology of Florence Nightingale’s life, family, and work.

This encyclopedia examines Marie Curie’s life and contributions. The chronology provides a thumbnail sketch of events in Curie’s life, including her personal experiences, education, and publications. The Introduction provides a brief look at her life. The body of this work consists of alphabetical entries of people, ideas, institutions, places, and publications important in making of Curie as an important scientist. The final section of the book is a bibliography of both primary and selected secondary sources.

Catherine the Great: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Works covers all aspects of her life and work. Empress Catherine the Great was one of the most famous and amazing women in world history.Includes a detailed chronology of Catherine’s life, family, and work.The A to Z section includes the major events, places, and people in Catherine’s life.The bibliography includes a list of publications concerning her life and work.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Queen Victoria was, until the 21st century, the longest-reigning monarch in British history and reigned over an empire "on which the sun never set."While countless volumes have been written about the Great Queen, recent scholarly work has meaningfully explored the queen’s and the monarchy’s place and role in Britain’s global empire as well as the place of the monarchy and the queen in the complex, and often brutal, history of British imperialism. The long story of Victoria is the story of multiple Victorias over the course of a long reign who was employed as a symbol of benevolent British rule, who engaged (some of) her colonial subjects with interest and even empathy, but who also supported and advocated for the worst excesses of British warfare and expansion.Queen Victoria: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Works explores the queen as well as the people, events, and ideas that shaped the life of the second-longest-reigning monarch in British history. It features a chronology, an introduction, a bibliography, and over 100 cross referenced dictionary entries. It gives particular attention to the imperial and global impact of the queen’s rule and her engagement with various colonial subjects across the globe.

The figure of Stalin continues to intrigue, fascinate, and repel historians into the 21st century, while in the Russian Federation, he has returned to the status of a figure to be respected, principally as the leader who led his country through industrialization and militarization, enabling it to defeat Nazi Germany in the Second World War, thereby saving Europe and much of the world from the "brown plague" of Fascism. He presided over some of the most cataclysmic events of the 20th century, some of which he was the architect: collectivization of agriculture, famine, the Purges, and the Second World War.Joseph Stalin: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works captures his life, and legacy. It features a chronology, an introduction offers a brief account of his life, a dictionary section lists entries on Stalin's associates from the period of the Russian Empire in the late 19th century to the leader's death in 1953, and beyond, highlighting their careers and the main events.

The most prolific inventor in American history, Thomas Edison played a major role in creating industries that have altered life around the globe: electric light and power, recorded sound and motion pictures. He also made significant innovations in telecommunications, battery technology, office machinery, the manufacture of Portland Cement, and processes for working low-grade ores. He was able to contribute to such a wide array of industries because he was not a lone inventor. At his workshops and laboratories in Newark, Menlo Park, and West Orange in New Jersey, Edison brought together teams of skilled research assistants and machinists. These teams allowed him to do more than any one person could do. In the process he transformed invention by making it part of a larger process of research, development, and commercialization that we now call innovation. That transformation—as much as any single invention—has become a crucial feature of the modern world.Includes a detailed chronology of Edison’s life and work.An introduction that provides an overview of Edison’s life and work.The A-to-Z section includes three hundred encyclopedic entries on Edison’s inventions, laboratories, business enterprises, public image and numerous individuals with whom he was associated.An extensive bibliography of Edison’s publications and select interviews; modern, contemporaneous, and juvenile biographies; and thirteen subject areas related to Edison’s work and influence.The index thoroughly cross-references the chronological and encyclopedic entries.

Adolf Hitler was hardly the modern world’s only murderous tyrant and imperialist. Yet he and the regime he ruled over for 12 years exerted an enormous impact on the history of the 20th Century. We are still living with the consequences. Interpretations of his life and legacy continue to extert a range of influences – some beneficial and other deleterious – on our politics and popular culture. “For the world to be done with Hitler,” the German journalist and historian Sebastian Haffner wrote in 1978, “it had to kill not just the man, but the legend as well.” That legend has proven to be like the mythical hydra.Adolf Hitler: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works captures Hitler’s life, his works, and legacy. It features a chronology, an introduction offers a brief account of his life, a dictionary section lists entries on people, places, and events related to him. A comprehensive bibliography offers a list of works by and about Hitler.

No Latin American woman has ever elicited such extreme feelings of love and hate as Eva Perón. She was an actress of humble origins who fell in love with and married the soon-to-be president of Argentina, Juan Domingo Perón. Evita, as she was fondly known, became the most powerful woman in Argentine history. Adored by the masses and loathed by the bourgeoisie, Evita polarized Argentine society. Not even her death could put an end to the mixed feelings she aroused during her lifetime, and Evita remains till this day a controversial figure.Eva Perón: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Works captures Evita’s eventful life, her works, and her legacy. The volume features a chronology that includes her childhood, her acting career, her trip to Europe, her political activity, her illness, and her death, as well as more recent events that have memorialized her. While an introduction offers a brief account of her life, a dictionary section lists entries on people, places, and events related to her. A comprehensive bibliography offers a list of works by and about Evita. Finally, a filmography includes the movies in which Evita appeared and the TV series and films that have been made about her.

Joan of Arc is the most recognizable woman from medieval Europe, yet the details of her life remain obscure to the general public while heavily debated by specialists. Rising from obscurity to insert herself into the court of French King Charles VII before marching with his armies to combat the enemies of the crown during the Hundred Years War, she was eventually captured, tried in an inquisition, and then executed as a relapsed heretic at the age of 19.Joan of Arc: A Reference Guide of Her Life and Works focuses on her life, and legacy. It features a chronology, an introduction offers a brief account of her life, a dictionary section lists entries on people, groups, places, events, topics, terms, and medieval documents central to Joan’s life including her letters, contemporary perspectives, her condemnation trial, and the nullification proceedings eventually blessed by the pope to overturn the verdict of the condemnation trial. This book aims to provide an understanding not just of Joan, but of the culture that produced and ultimately destroyed her.

Voltaire: A Reference Guide To His Life and Works French author. This Guide offers 21st-century readers a glimpse into the multifaceted Voltaire: the thinker, rebel, writer, exile, and campaigner who became a transnational celebrity in his day. A wide-ranging Introduction situates the prolific author from the perspective of 21st-century readers and critics, both for those new to Voltaire and for those already familiar with his life and works. A Chronology gives a detailed sense of how incredibly active and well-networked the writer was throughout his remarkable 84-year-long life. A Bibliography provides further insight into the sheer enormity and versatility of his writings, whether published, private, literary, philosophical, or personal, with emphasis on the most recent critical works in a long tradition of Voltairean reception and criticism. The extensive main A-Z Encyclopedia section includes hundreds of entries relating to Voltaire’s life, friends, lovers, enemies, exiles, critics, works, theater, poetry, finances, polemics, history, travels, ideas, campaigns, disputes, legacy, posterity and more. As a writer with a towering personality, this Guide shows how the indefatigable Voltaire exercised his quill to put his unique stamp on the vast, flawed 18th-century world around him.

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio’s life was turbulent and short. He was only in his late thirties when he died and yet he managed to achieve tremendous artistic success. A native of Caravaggio, near Milan, he was born in 1571 and moved to Rome after training with Simone Peterzano, a pupil of Titian. In the papal city, his talent was recognized by the influential collector and art connoisseur Cardinal Francesco Maria del Monte, who promoted his art. Within a few years Caravaggio became one of the most sought-after painters in Italy and abroad. His style was so striking and unique that artists from all over adopted it as their own. Caravaggio: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works focuses on his life, his works, and legacy. It features a chronology, an introduction offers a brief account of his life, a cross-referenced dictionary section contains entries on his individual paintings, public commissions his patrons, his followers, and the techniques he used in rendering his works.

Cleopatra is one of the most famous women in all of history. She ruled Egypt at a time when Rome was expanding its empire and the land of the pharaohs, with its wealth and strategic location was an attractive target for annexation. Although the Roman empire eventually took possession of Egypt, ending Cleopatra’s rule and Egypt’s status as an independent political entity, the strategies Cleopatra employed to maintain Egypt’s independence and favored status as an ally of Rome stand as one of the great political achievements in western history.Cleopatra: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Works is a comprehensive resource on Cleopatra’s life and legacy. The volume includes a chronology, an introduction that gives a concise account of her life, and a dictionary section that contains entries on people, places, and events central to Cleopatra’s role as the last ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt, ally and lover of powerful Roman politicians Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, and, finally, the enemy of Octavian, who would become the first emperor of Rome.

Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the U.S., looms large over the history of the nation and the world. Serving in office for an unprecedented 12 years, he, along with First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, guided the nation through two of the 20th century’s most dire crises: the Great Depression and World War II. Elected in 1932, amidst the Great Depression, he launched the New Deal, a series of laws and programs designed to broaden the federal government’s authority over the economy and provide Americans with a social safety net. Facing the rise of fascism in Europe and Asia, Roosevelt forged an alliance with the United Kingdom, U.S.S.R., and China that fought a grueling and ultimately victorious war against Germany, Italy, and Japan. Throughout, he held fast to the idea that a government should be responsive to the needs of ordinary people, a vision that he carried into international relations when he promoted the establishment of the United Nations.With a sensitivity to his flaws as well as strengths, Franklin Delano Roosevelt: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works probes the people, events, organizations, policies and places that inhabited the orbit of this magnetic and complex personality. It contains a chronology, an introduction, a bibliography, and cross-referenced entries on the people, events, organizations, and policies that defined his life.

Charlie Chaplin was a skilled comedian, filmmaker and composer, and the mission of this book is to educate readers on the wide variety of Chaplin’s artistry: the subtlety of his mimetic satire, the sophistication of his film direction, and his prodigious musical skill that resulted in some of film’s greatest orchestral arrangements. This encyclopedia also emphasizes the singular nature of Chaplin’s biography: his unprecedented renown, the wide list of notables in art and culture with whom he fraternized, and the controversies that seemed to dog each stage of his life, perhaps most notably in his run-ins with the FBI and the House UnAmerican Activities Committee, both of whom suspected him of communist leanings.Charlie Chaplin: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works captures his life, and legacy. It features a chronology, an introduction that offers a brief account of his life, and a dictionary section listing entries on Chaplin’s childhood, career, family, and associates. The bibliography is one of the largest available of works concerning Chaplin.

Adolf Hitler was hardly the modern world’s only murderous tyrant and imperialist. Yet he and the regime he ruled over for 12 years exerted an enormous impact on the history of the 20th Century. We are still living with the consequences. Interpretations of his life and legacy continue to extert a range of influences – some beneficial and other deleterious – on our politics and popular culture. “For the world to be done with Hitler,” the German journalist and historian Sebastian Haffner wrote in 1978, “it had to kill not just the man, but the legend as well.” That legend has proven to be like the mythical hydra.Adolf Hitler: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works captures Hitler’s life, his works, and legacy. It features a chronology, an introduction offers a brief account of his life, a dictionary section lists entries on people, places, and events related to him. A comprehensive bibliography offers a list of works by and about Hitler.