Technical Reports Series – serie
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16 produkter
16 produkter
Guidelines for the Determination of Standardized Semiconductor Radiation Hardness Parameters
Häftad, Engelska, 2023
553 kr
Skickas inom 5-8 vardagar
The operational useful lifetime of semiconductor electronic devices working in harsh radiation environments is limited by the structural defects induced by the exposure to ionizing radiation. This has immediate consequences for their use in high radiation environments, for example in nuclear facilities, satellites, radiotherapy, medical diagnostics, security and other industries. This publication establishes a standardized procedure to quantify the radiation hardness of semiconductor diode materials in a way that is independent of the irradiation parameters and biasing conditions of the device. The established parameter reflects the additional free charge carrier trapping cross section induced by the damaging radiation, normalized to the predicted concentration of generated vacancies by the same radiation. The effectiveness of the approach is validated through different types of ion beam irradiations, characterizations and materials used. The work leads towards approaches to predict the radiation induced effects on device performance for more complex electronic structures.
- Nyhet
Development and Application of Open Source Modelling and Simulation Tools for Nuclear Reactor Analysis
Häftad, Engelska, 2026
886 kr
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Many institutions have invested significant resources in developing modern open source software for analysing nuclear reactors. Recognizing this trend, the IAEA has taken the initiative to streamline and support the Open-Source Nuclear Codes for Reactor Analysis (ONCORE) initiative. Within the framework of ONCORE, the IAEA organized a technical meeting, titled ""Development and Application of Open-source Modelling and Simulation Tools for Nuclear Reactors"", in 2022 in Milan, Italy. This publication serves as a comprehensive review of the current state of the field, featuring insights from experts, experiences and the latest innovations and technological challenges in open source software and open access data. It also highlights ongoing collaborations supporting research and development, as well as education and training in nuclear science and technology, drawing from the papers presented at the ONCORE meeting.
Dosimetry of Small Static Fields Used in External Beam Radiotherapy
An International Code of Practice for Reference and Relative Dose Determination
Häftad, Engelska, 2018
633 kr
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This is the first international code of practice dedicated to the dosimetry of small static fields used in radiotherapy. It provides consistent reference dosimetry, traceable to metrological primary standards, and enables common procedures within a country to be followed for small field dosimetry. The publication presents an overview of the physics, followed by a general formalism for reference dosimetry in small fields. Guidelines for its practical implementation using suitable detectors and methods for the determination of field output factors are given for specific clinical machines that use small static fields. The development of this code of practice has been done through an international working group, established jointly with the American Association of Physicists in Medicine. Internationally harmonized guidelines in this field will ensure worldwide consistency in dose delivery to radiotherapy patients and will contribute to dose standardization in international clinical trial studies, comparing outcomes of various radiotherapy treatment modalities using small fields.
- Nyhet
886 kr
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This publication examines the historical and current use of SLOWPOKE (Safe Low Power Critical Experiment) and miniature neutron source reactor (MNSR) research reactors. It discusses known issues, considers the potential for future challenges and opportunities, and provides information on their history, development, utilization, operational experience, core conversion and refuelling, ageing management and decommissioning. The Annex includes abstracts of 17 papers, available online, covering SLOWPOKE and MNSR research reactors under construction or in operational, shutdown, decommissioning or decommissioned status in nine countries.
Dosimetry in Brachytherapy
An International Code of Practice for Secondary Standards Dosimetry Laboratories and Hospitals
Häftad, Engelska, 2024
776 kr
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The brachytherapy process requires consistent reference dosimetry that is traceable to metrological primary standards and common procedures to be followed for reference dosimetry globally. The Code of Practice is addressed to both Secondary Standards Dosimetry Laboratories and hospitals. It fulfils the need for a systematic and internationally unified approach to the calibration and use of vented well-type re-entrant ionisation chambers in determining the strength of brachytherapy sources with intensities measurable by such detectors. The dosimetry formalism as well as common procedures for calibration, reference dosimetry, reference-class instrument assessment and commissioning of the well-type ionisation chamber system are provided.
Member States' Experiences and Insights from Maintaining Safety, Security and Reliable Nuclear Industry Operations During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Häftad, Engelska, 2023
607 kr
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The ability of the nuclear industry to continue to operate safely, securely and reliably during special circumstances such as a pandemic is essential and depends upon the effectiveness of its preparation, response and recovery plans as well as the ability of relevant organizations to adapt and respond to unforeseen situations. The purpose of this publication is to share experience with regard to managing and regulating facilities and activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to assist Member States in considering further actions to improve preparedness and response in relation to the ongoing pandemic and any future ones. The effective sharing of operating and regulatory experience is intended to have a positive influence on the response to, and recovery from, such global events. This publication is therefore written for operating organizations, regulatory bodies, competent authorities, research and technical support organizations, contractors and vendors.
Considerations on Decommissioning in the Design and Operation of Research Reactors
Häftad, Engelska, 2026
922 kr
Kommande
Decommissioning is a complex stage in research reactor projects, the safe and efficient implementation of which can be greatly facilitated if it is considered from the early stages and throughout the project's lifespan. This publication provides guidance on facilitating decommissioning during the design, construction and operation stages of a research reactor's lifetime, and on managing objectives and requirements during the transition period. It presents good practices and lessons learned in the planning and preparation for decommissioning, as well as information relating to regulatory and management aspects. The publication is intended for individuals and organizations responsible for the design and operation of research reactors, as well as regulatory bodies, technical support organizations and decommissioning planners.
Notification, Authorization, Inspection and Enforcement for the Safety and Security of Radiation Sources
Häftad, Engelska, 2023
860 kr
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This publication has been developed to assist IAEA Member States in establishing and maintaining regulatory control through notification, authorization, inspection and enforcement in relation to facilities and activities with radiation sources, in order to achieve the fundamental safety and security objectives. The publication addresses the implementation of the requirements for safety and security in a harmonized way, taking into account differences in the requirements as well as differences in States' regulatory infrastructures. For example, in some States the same regulatory body is responsible for the control of safety and security, while in others, safety and security are controlled by separate regulatory bodies. A harmonized approach for notification, authorization, inspection and enforcement is intended to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of regulatory control through concurrent inspection for safety and security.
913 kr
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This publication is one of the series of IAEA publications on the environmental behaviour of naturally occurring radionuclides. It outlines uranium behaviour in different environments, as well as its transfer to, and metabolism in, humans. The publication also provides concepts, models and data required for the assessment of the impacts of uranium on non-human biota. Assessing the environmental and health effects of uranium poses specific challenges because of the combination of different types of hazard and potential exposures. Therefore, both the radiotoxicity and chemical toxicity of uranium are considered in this publication.
1 433 kr
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This Technical Reports Series publication incorporates contemporary information and scientific knowledge on the behaviour of tritium in the environment. It directly addresses existing and future concerns relating to anthropogenic sources of tritium that arise from power generation using nuclear fission and fusion technologies, nuclear fuel cycle activities, industrial and medical applications, accidental and deliberate releases, as well as military activities. This publication is also intended to serve as a technical reference on the radioecology of tritium, addressing current societal needs and acting as a guide for specialists and members of the public in understanding future environmental impacts. The intended audience of this publication includes specialists in radioecology, as well as technical specialists and decision makers dealing with the assessment of the impact of radioactivity on humans and the environment.
Quality Assurance and Quality Control in Neutron Activation Analysis
A Guide to Practical Approaches
Häftad, Engelska, 2022
367 kr
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Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) is the most common technique used in research reactors worldwide. The IAEA aims to enhance quality assurance in NAA laboratories by supporting annual proficiency testing, by developing and offering relevant e?learning as well as specialized publications. This publication, which is based on the most up to date relevant ISO guides and international practices, provides practical guidance on quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) in NAA laboratories. It is intended to be used in the day?to?day work of NAA at research reactors. Potential sources of errors and associated QA/QC actions are detailed for all main areas of NAA practice. Easy to use tables are provided, intended for direct reference in the laboratory.
793 kr
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This publication is a new edition of Technical Reports Series No. 240, Guidebook on Spent Fuel Storage (1991). It aims to provide guidance on spent fuel storage options, describing the history and observed trends of spent fuel storage technologies, gathering operational experiences and lessons learned. The evolving aspects related to higher burnup and mixed oxide (MOX) spent fuel, and the extension of storage timeframes are detailed. It also includes information on the distribution of the current global inventory of spent fuel by storage systems, a description of (and terminology relating to) available spent fuel storage technologies and different storage facility locations.
Regulatory Oversight of the Interfaces Between Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security in Nuclear Power Plants
Häftad, Engelska, 2024
647 kr
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There is a growing societal awareness regarding the importance of regulatory systems for nuclear facilities and activities to have visible oversight of safety and security interfaces. This publication compiles relevant IAEA requirements, recommendations and guidance on identifying and addressing potential and actual interactions between nuclear safety and nuclear security systems and measures in nuclear power plants (NPPs). It also presents regulatory practices that are important to consider for nuclear safety and nuclear security, as they may reinforce or compromise the capacity of the regulatory bodies, competent authorities and operating organizations to meet nuclear safety and nuclear security requirements, including requirements relating to the interfaces between safety and security, during the application of regulatory functions in the various stages of the lifetime of an NPP.
1 033 kr
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Written to assist individuals in academia and industry and in relevant regulatory and policy roles, this publication provides a summary of the current knowledge on the status of research, technological developments, reactor designs and experiments in the area of advanced reactors that are fuelled or cooled by a molten salt. Identification of challenges and areas where research and development are still required in preparation for commercial deployment gives context to current and planned work. The aim of this publication is to share information on programmes and projects on molten salt reactors in Member States which will shape future collaborative efforts.
Technical Aspects Related to the Design and Construction of Engineered Containment Barriers for Environmental Remediation
Häftad, Engelska, 2024
727 kr
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Containment barrier systems are among the most widely used technologies for remediating contaminated sites. Various structures have been engineered to address site-specific needs, while barrier selection depends largely on whether regulatory requirements are prescriptive, or performance based. This publication provides an introduction to the design and construction of different containment barriers for low-level radioactive waste generated from remediation activities: basal (bottom) liners, final covers, in situ vertical barriers and in situ permeable reactive barriers. Practical aspects of each structure are discussed in theoretical case studies, which allow remediation project designers, implementers and regulators to make more informed decisions about the use of these barriers.
864 kr
Kommande
This publication is a new edition of Technical Reports Series No. 240, Guidebook on Spent Fuel Storage (1991). It aims to provide guidance on spent fuel storage options, describing the history and observed trends of spent fuel storage technologies, gathering operational experiences and lessons learned. The evolving aspects related to higher burnup and mixed oxide (MOX) spent fuel, and the extension of storage timeframes are detailed. It also includes information on the distribution of the current global inventory of spent fuel by storage systems, a description of (and terminology relating to) available spent fuel storage technologies and different storage facility locations.