Topics in Chemical Engineering – serie

Synthetic materials are a tremendous potential resource for treating human disease. For the rational design of many of these biomaterials it is necessary to have an understanding of polymer chemistry and polymer physics. Equally important to those two fields is a quantitative understanding of the principles that govern rates of drug transport, reaction, and disappearance in physiological and pathological situations. This book is a synthesis of these principles, providing a working foundation for those in the field of drug delivery. It covers advanced drug delivery and contemporary biomaterials.

This text offers a modern view of process control in the context of today's technology. The book provides the standard material in a more coherent presentation and uses a notation that is more consistent with the research literature in process control. Topics that are unique include a unified approach to model representations, process control formulation and process identification, multivariable control, statistical quality control, and model based control.

This book will formally launch "organic synthesis engineering" as a distinctive field in the armory of the reaction engineer. Its main theme revolves around two developments: catalysis and the role of process intensification in enhancing overall productivity. Each of these two subjects are becoming increasingly useful in organic synthesis engineering, especially in the production of medium and small volume chemicals and enhancing reaction rates by extending laboratory techniques, such as ultrasound, phase transfer catalysts, membrane reactor, and microwaves, to industrial scale production. This volume describes the applications of catalysis in organic synthesis and outlines different techniques of reaction rate and/or selectivity enhancement against a background of reaction engineering principles for both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems.

This book provides a self-contained presentation of optical methods used to measure the structure and dynamics of complex fluids subject to the influence of external fields. Such fields (hydrodynamic, electric and magnetic) are commonly encountered in both academic and industrial research, and can produce profound changes in the microscale properties of liquids comprised of polymers, colloids, liquid crystals or surfactants. Starting with the basic Maxwell field equations, this book and Mueller calculus, and then covers the transmission, reflection and scattering of light in anisotropic materials. Spectroscopic interactions with orientated sytems such as absorptive dichroism, small wide angle light scattering, and Raman scattering are discussed. Applications of these methods to a wide range of problems in complex fluid dynamics and structure are presented, along with selected case studies on particular studies chosen to elucidate the range of techniques and materials that can be studied.

Designed to provide a firm grounding in mathematical methods for chemical engineering practitioners in academic institutions and industry, this volume builds on the reader's previous knowledge of calculus, differential equations and linear algebra. Varma and Morbidelli offer an integrated treatment of linear operator theory from determinants through partial differential equations, and feature extensive chapters on both ordinary differential equations and perturbation methods. Numerous high-quality diagrams and examples from chemical engineering illustrate the textual material and enhance the reader's understanding of complex mathematical systems.

This books presents the fundamentals of nonlinear and mixed-integer optimization, and their applications in the important area of process synthesis in chemical engineering. The reader is acquainted with the basics of convex analysis and nonlinear optimization and is introduced to the elementary concepts of mixed-integer linear nonlinear optimization. Topics that are unique include the theory and methods for mixed-integer non-linear optimization, introduction to modeling issues in process synthesis, and optimization-based approaches in the synthesis of heat recovery systems, distillation-based systems, and reactor-based systems. This book fills a gap in available textbooks since there are no other books covering either the fundamentals or applications of nonlinear and mixed-integer optimization. It is designed keeping in mind that it can be used as a graduate textbook in one or two semester courses in nonlinear and mixed-integer optimization and applications in process synthesis, as well as a reference for any engineering student or researcher concerned with continuous and discrete nonlinear optimization issues in engineering design, process synthesis, process operations, applied mathematics and operations research, industrial management, and systems engineering.

Introduction to Critical Phenomena in Fluids encompasses the fundamentals of this relatively young field, as well as applications in the fields of chemical engineering, analytical chemistry, and environmental remediation processing. The exercises in the text have been developed in a way that makes the book suitable for graduate courses in chemical engineering thermodynamics and physical chemistry.

Defying the classical definitions of solids and liquids, complex fluids include polymers, colloids, emulsions, foams, gels, liquid crystals, surfactants, and other materials that form flowable microstructures. They are vital to industries that produce polymers (e.g., plastic packaging), colloids (paint), foods (ketchup), and consumer products (toothpaste and shampoo), and are also used in countless other products manufactured by the petroleum, microelectronics, and pharmaceutical industries. The first advanced textbook on this subject, The Structure and Rheology of Complex Fluids provides a multidisciplinary and comprehensive introduction to these fascinating and important substances. It offers an up-to-date synopsis of the relationship between the microstructure of complex fluids and their mechanical and flow properties, and also emphasizes the similarities and differences among the various types of complex fluids. Easy to read, it includes over 350 illustrations, extensive literature citations, and many interesting problems, worked examples, and practical applications. Featuring coverage of both foundational material and special topics, this text is highly adaptable for use in a one- or two-semester graduate-level course in chemical engineering, materials science, or physics. It also serves as a valuable monograph for academic and industrial researchers and as a reference book for researchers and educators.

Fuelled by advances in computer technology, model-based approaches to the control of industrial processes are now widespread. While there is an enormous literature on modelling, the difficult first step of selecting an appropriate model structure has received almost no attention. This book fills the gap, providing practical insight into model selection for chemical processes and emphasizing structures suitable for control system design.

Understanding Rheology is a main text for advanced undergraduate or graduate level courses taught in departments of chemical and mechanical engineering. Rheology is the study of the deformation and flow of materials. The plastic flow solids, such as molten rock, and the physical properties of complex fluids such as polymers, colloids, foams, gels are among the chief concerns of rheology. The field of rheology is an industrially important one, and one that is growing rapidly. Rheology is of primary importance in polymer processing, food processing, coating and printing, and many other manufacturing processes. This text begins with refresher sections on tensor and vector operations and Newtonian fluid mechanics which the students may or may not have retained from their fluid mechanis course (a certain prerequesite to this course), but which are essential to comprehending the material in this subject. Each chapter contains a problem set designed to reinforce materal covered in the chapter. The problems, samples, and mathematics in this text are appropriate to an undergraduate readership. This book also contains discussion of current jobs such as birefringence and the modern state of optics in measuring rheological phenomena. This text is also designed for practicing engineers and scientists to use as a self-teaching guide to those rheological principles they find applicable to their work. The text contains example problems that will allow the reader to practice the subject under discussion. The appendices in this text contain reference material which should be of interest to this audience.

The current chemical engineering curriculum concentrates on process: the efficient manufacturing in quantity of traditional chemical products such as ammonia and benzene. However, many chemical companies now invent and manufacture specialty products with particular properties such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and electronic coatings, and their employees need to know how to design the products as well as manufacture them. James Wei, a famous chemical engineer, iswriting this book to provide theories and case studies in product engineering the design of new, useful products with desired properties. The first section relates historical case studies of successfulproduct invention and development by individuals and companies. The second part of the book describes the toolbox of molecular structure-property relations. A desired product needs to have certain properties (for example, phase transition or thermal properties) and the chemist must find or design a molecular structure with the required properties This section will instruct chemists in the analysis of structure and property information. The third section is concerned with the next stage: productresearch and design. It will discuss improving the desired product by additives and blending, among other strategies. It will also cover future challenges in product engineering.

Designed for non-expert student, enthusiast, or researcher, this two-volume text provides an accessible introduction to numerical computation and its applications in science and engineering. It assumes no prior knowledge beyond undergraduate calculus and elementary computer programming. Fundamental and practical issues are discussed in a unified manner with a generous, but not excessive, dose of numerical analysis. Topics are introduced on a need to know basis to concisely illustrate the practical implementation of a variety of algorithms and demystify seemingly esoteric numerical methods. Algorithms that can be explained without too much elaboration and can be implemented within a few dozen lines of computer code are discussed in detail, and computer programs in Fortran, C++, and Matlab are provided. Algorithms whose underlying theories require long, elaborate explanations are discussed at the level of first principles, and references for further information are given. The book uses numerous schematic illustrations to demonstrate concepts and facilitate their understanding by providing readers with a helpful interplay between ideas and visual images. Real-world examples drawn from various branches of science and engineering are presented. Updated information on computer technology and numerical methods is included, many new and some original topics are introduced. Additional solved and unsolved problems are included.

Designed for undergraduates, graduate students, and industry practitioners, Bioseparations Science and Engineering fills a critical need in the field of bioseparations. Current, comprehensive, and concise, it covers bioseparations unit operations in unprecedented depth. In each of the chapters, the authors use a consistent method of explaining unit operations, starting with a qualitative description noting the significance and general application of the unit operation. They then illustrate the scientific application of the operation, develop the required mathematical theory, and finally, describe the applications of the theory in engineering practice, with an emphasis on design and scaleup. Unique to this text is a chapter dedicated to bioseparations process design and economics, in which a process simular, SuperPro Designer® is used to analyze and evaluate the production of three important biological products. New to this second edition are updated discussions of moment analysis, computer simulation, membrane chromatography, and evaporation, among others, as well as revised problem sets. Unique features include basic information about bioproducts and engineering analysis and a chapter with bioseparations laboratory exercises. Bioseparations Science and Engineering is ideal for students and professionals working in or studying bioseparations, and is the premier text in the field.

Designed for undergraduates, graduate students, and industry practitioners, the third edition of Bioseparations Science and Engineering fills a critical need in the field. Current, comprehensive, and concise, it covers bioseparations unit operations in unprecedented depth. The unit operations covered are cell lysis, flocculation, filtration, sedimentation, extraction, liquid chromatography, liquid adsorption, precipitation, crystallization, evaporation, and drying. In each of the chapters, the authors use a consistent method of explaining unit operations, starting with a qualitative description noting the significance and general application of the unit operation. They then illustrate the scientific application of the operation, develop the required mathematical theory, and finally, describe the applications of the theory in engineering practice, with an emphasis on design and scale-up. Unique to this text is a chapter dedicated to bioseparations process design and economics, in which a process simulator, SuperPro Designer®, is used to analyze and evaluate the production of six important biological products. The third edition of the book has been completely updated and contains the addition of several topics, including the stability of bioproducts, electrophoretic analysis of DNA and RNA, separation by flow cytometry, continuous crystallization, batch crystallization by cooling, fluidized bed drying, and process design and economics of the production of messenger RNA vaccine, hyaluronic acid, and monosodium glutamate. Unique features include basic information about bioproducts, descriptions of analytical methods and bench scale separations of bioproducts, and a chapter with bioseparations laboratory exercises. Bioseparations Science and Engineering is ideal for students and professionals working in or studying bioseparations and is the premier text in the field.

Analysis of Transport Phenomena, Second Edition, provides a unified treatment of momentum, heat, and mass transfer, emphasizing the concepts and analytical techniques that apply to these transport processes. The second edition has been revised to reinforce the progression from simple to complex topics and to better introduce the applied mathematics that is needed both to understand classical results and to model novel systems. A common set of formulation, simplification, and solution methods is applied first to heat or mass transfer in stationary media and then to fluid mechanics, convective heat or mass transfer, and systems involving various kinds of coupled fluxes.FEATURES: * Explains classical methods and results, preparing students for engineering practice and more advanced study or research* Covers everything from heat and mass transfer in stationary media to fluid mechanics, free convection, and turbulence* Improved organization, including the establishment of a more integrative approach* Emphasizes concepts and analytical techniques that apply to all transport processes* Mathematical techniques are introduced more gradually to provide students with a better foundation for more complicated topics discussed in later chaptersNEW TO THIS EDITION: New chapters and sections clarify and expand upon the first edition · Based largely on teaching experience with the first edition, the entire text has been reviewed in detail, and innumerable minor revisions made to improve clarity. · There is a larger set of introductory examples (Chapter 3) · The presentation of similarity and perturbation methods is now a separate chapter (Chapter 4). · The discussion of fluid kinematics and constitutive equations has been reorganized (Chapter 6). · The discussion of simultaneous heat and mass transfer has been expanded (Chapter 14). A new appendix section provides a review of essential maths · The solution of ordinary differential equations is reviewed in a new appendix (Appendix B), which also summarizes the properties of commonly encountered special functions. BL New worked examples and end-of-chapter problems · Overall, there are 34 new worked examples in the text and approximately 50 (exact number TBD) new end-of-chapter problems.

In the last two decades impressive advances have been made toward the understanding and quantitative description of the kinetics. Despite these advances, however, the use of mathematical modelling of gas-solid catalytic reactors in industry is still limited. By consolidating progress in the understanding of catalytic processes, this book applies these fundamental advances to the development of models for design, simulation and optimization of industrial reactors. Paying particular attention to the verification of the developed models against industrial data, these models are used to optimize the performance of many practical reactor cases. Using a systems approach for the development of the different components and the resulting overall models, the book is easy to read and gives an insight into the behaviour of these complex industrial systems. In addition, the practical relevance of bifurcation, instability and chaos to industrial reactors is briefly discussed.