Comprehensive Handbook of Alcohol Related Pathology

Victor R. Preedy BSc, PhD, DSc, FRSB, FRSPH, FRSC, FRCPath graduated with an Honours Degree in Biology and Physiology with Pharmacology. After gaining his University of London PhD, he received his Membership of the Royal College of Pathologists. He was later awarded his second doctorate (DSc), for his contribution to protein metabolism in health and disease. He is Professor of Clinical Biochemistry (Hon) at King’s College Hospital and Emeritus Professor of Nutritional Biochemistry at King’s College London. He has Honorary Professorships at the University of Hull, and the University of Suffolk. Professor Preedy was the Founding Director and then long-term Director of the Genomics Centre at King’s College London from 2006 to 2020. Professor Preedy has been awarded fellowships of the Royal Society of Biology, the Royal College of Pathologists, the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, the Royal Institute of Public Health, the Royal Society for Public Health, the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Royal Society of Medicine. He carried out research when attached to the National Heart Hospital (part of Imperial College London), The School of Pharmacy (now part of University College London) and the MRC Centre at Northwick Park Hospital. He has collaborated with international research groups in Finland, Japan, Australia, USA, and Germany. To his credit, Professor Preedy has published over 750 articles, which includes peer-reviewed manuscripts based on original research, abstracts and symposium presentations, reviews and edited books. Ronald Ross Watson, PhD, is Professor of Health Promotion Sciences at the University of Arizona, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health. Dr. Watson began his research in public health at the Harvard School of Public Health as a Fellow in 1971 doing field work on vaccines in Saudi Arabia. He has done clinical studies in Colombia, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the United States which provides a broad international view of public health. He has served in the military reserve hospital for 17 years with extensive training in medical responses to disasters as the chief biochemistry officer of a general hospital, retiring as a Lt. Colonel. He is a distinguished member of several national and international nutrition, immunology, and cancer societies. Dr. Watson’s career has involved studying many lifestyle aspects for their uses in health promotion. He has edited over 100 biomedical reference books and 450 papers and chapters. His teaching and research focuses on alcohol, tobacco, and drugs of abuse in heart function and disease in mouse models.

"...an excellent addition to a reference library and to the field of addictionology. ...a great reference -- all you want to know in 2005 regarding alcohol and its medical consequences. ...I highly recommed it for researchers in the field and medical libraries." --DOODY'S (2005)

• ContributorsPreface Foreword Volume OnePart I: General Aspects of Alcohol Toxicity, Consumption, and DiseaseEvolutionary and Historical Aspects of Ethanol IngestionAlcohol Metabolism: General Aspects Intake of Different Alcoholic Beverages and Life-style and Psychosocial Factors Genetic Aspects of Alcohol Metabolism: An Overview Predictors of Alcohol Consumption Binge Drinking: Patterns, Explanations, and Policy Breath and Blood Alcohol Effects of Food and Body Composition on Blood Alcohol Levels Disposal of Ethanol Carbon Atoms Effect of Alcohol on Water and Sodium Homeostasis Energy from Alcohol The Mediterranean Diet and the Contribution and Role of Alcohol The Role of Alcohol in Injury Deaths Death from Alcohol Poisoning Alcohol and the WorkplaceAlcohol Misuse in Adolescents: Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics,Diagnosis, and Treatment Alcohol Misuse in Adolescents: Individual Differences, Prevention,Identification, and Intervention What is the Impact of Alcohol on Learning in University Students?The Relationship Between Alcohol Misuse and the Homelessness Alcohol and Sport Activities: Spectator’s PerspectivePart II: Damage/DiseaseGeneral Aspects of PathologyAn Overview of Pathologies Occurring in Alcohol Abusers Gender Differences in Alcohol Pathology Psychological Effects of Alcohol Misuse The Effect of Alcohol on Quality of Life Alcohol and Road Accidents Trauma and Alcohol Clinical Implications of Alcohol Misuse for Surgery Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Nutritional Status in Alcoholics Alcohol and Body Composition Beneficial Components of White Wine Polyphenols and Alcohol: Complementary Mechanisms for the ProtectiveEffects of Moderate Wine Consumption Overview of ALDH Polymorphism: Relation to Cardiovascular Effects of Alcohol Overview on the Effects of Amount and Type of Alcohol on Morbidity and Mortality Alcohol-related Mortality in Russia (ii) Organ Damage Epidemiology and Risk Factors Involved in Alcoholic Liver Disease Polymorphism and Alcoholic Liver Disease Liver Injury During Alcohol Use and Withdrawal Alcohol Consumption and Diabetes Mellitus Alcoholic Ketoacidosis Alcohol, Alcoholism and Effects on the Kidney and Kidney Disease Alcohol Intake and the Lower Urinary Tract Alcohol and Prostate Cancer Oral Health and Alcohol Volume 2Alcohol and the Gastrointestinal Tract Alcohol, ALDH2 Genotypes and Intestinal Cancer Alcohol and PancreatitisThe Skin and Alcohol Alcohol, Blood Pressure and Hypertension Alcohol and Stroke Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Epidemiologic Aspects of ALDH2 Genotypes and Cardiovascular ParametersAlcoholic Myopathy: Clinical Aspects Alcohol and the Eye: Friend or Foe Marchiafava–Bignami Disease in Alcoholism Peripheral Neuropathy (iii) Cells, Pathways, Interactions, Processes Defects in Methionine Metabolism: Its Role in Ethanol-induced Liver Injury Roles of Kupffer Cells in Alcoholic Liver Disease The Role of the Stellate Cell in Alcohol Mediated Tissue Injury The Role of T Lymphocytes in the Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease Oxidative Stress in Alcoholic Liver Disease: Clinical Studies The Relationship between Alcohol-induced Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in the Liver Alcohol and HIV Interactions in the Natural History and Treatment of HIV/AIDS Alcohol and Hepatitis Virus Interactions in Liver Pathology Moderate Alcohol and Fibrosis in Chronic Viral Hepatitis Ethanol–Taurine Interactions in the Brain: Mechanisms andPathophysiological ImplicationsThe Effect of Ethanol on Ion Channels in the Brain: A New LookA Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway Protects the Developing Brain againstAlcohol-induced Neuronal Death Signaling Pathways in the Heart and Moderate Alcohol Intake Effects of Alcohol on Vascular Function Vascular and Biochemical Effects of Moderate Alcohol Consumption:Mechanisms of Protection Against Cardiovascular Disease Alcohol and Xenobiotics in Placenta Damage Molecular Mechanisms in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Shh-signalingThe Process of Bacterial Translocation and Implications for Health in Alcoholics Alcohol, Altered Gut Permeability, and Endotoxins Hormonal Responses in Alcoholism Alcohol-induced Changes in the GH–IGF Axis Mechanisms in Prostate Damage by Alcohol Signaling Pathways in Human Breast Cells in Response to Alcohol:Mechanisms for Alcohol-induced Breast Cancer The Ubiquitin–Proteasome System in Alcohol-Induced Pathology Alcohol and Alkylating Agents DNA Damage Resulting from Alcohol Abuse with Special Reference to the Brain Purine Metabolism and the Influence of Alcoholic Beverages The Role of PKC Isozymes in Mediating Responses to Ethanol Ethanol Modulation of cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Subunits Activity:Mechanisms and Functional Consequences Adhesion Molecules and Alcohol Consumption Glucose-regulated Stress Proteins (GRPs) and Alcohol Heat Shock Proteins and Alcohol Role of Oxidative Stress in Alcohol-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Alcohol and Apoptosis Volume 3Alcohol and Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters Modification of Proteins by Reactive Ethanol Metabolites: Adduct Structure, Functional and Pathological Consequences The Effect of Acetaldehyde on Plasma Autoantibodies in Alcohol-related Tissue Diseases Alcohol-induced Membrane Damage Alcohol Abuse and Eating Disorders The Relationship Between Obesity and Alcoholic Pathology Protein Deficiency and Alcohol: Interactions and Organ Effects Tryptophan Metabolism and Alcoholism Part III: Selective Methods Used in Alcohol Research Selective Methods Used in Alcohol Research: Screening in Primary Care – Methodsand Approaches Psychometric Assessment of Alcohol Use Self-reported Intake of Alcohol: Methods and ApproachesUse of the DSM-IV: Methods and Approaches The Alcohol-related Problems Survey: Developing andTesting a Screening Measure for Older Adults The Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen: Methods and Application Methods for Determining Blood Alcohol Concentration: Current andRetrospective Urinary Markers of Alcohol Consumption Methods for Measuring Genetic Variations in ADHand SLDH Loci: A Practical Approach Histological Localization of Alcohol Dehydrogenase: Methods, Approaches and Applications Assays for Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase: Methods, Approaches and Applications Detecting ADH and ALDH Enzymes in Cells and Tissues using Western Blotting Use of Selectively Bred Alcohol-preferring Rats to Study AlcoholAbuse, Relapse and Craving Animal Models of Chronic Alcohol-Induced Liver Damage Acute Ethanol Dosing Regimens: Methods and Approaches Use of Isolated Cells in the Study of Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity Animal Models of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Methods and Approaches Genetically Engineered Animals in Alcohol Research cDNA Arrays in Alcohol-Related Pathology: Methods and Approaches Practical Methods for Determining mRNA Levels in Alcohol-ExposedTissues and Its Application to Experimental Pathology Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Measurement of the Facial Dysmorphology Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Methods and Application to Alcohol Effects in the 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