Markus D. Dubber is a Professor of Law at the University of Toronto, and formerly a Professor of Law and Director of the Buffalo Criminal Law Center, SUNY Buffalo School of Law. Prof. Dubber is a leading expert on criminal law. His publications include American Criminal Law: Cases, Statutes, and Comments (with Mark Kelman); New York Criminal Law: Cases and Materials; Victims in the War on Crime, as well as The Oxford Handbook of Criminal Law (with Tatjana Hörnle, Oxford, 2014) and Foundational Texts in Modern Criminal Law (Oxford, 2014).

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• Preface ; Acknowledgments ; Introduction ; 1 A Key to the Model Penal Code and to American Criminal Law ; 2 Origins: The ALI, Legal Process, and Treatmentism ; 2.1 Criminal Propensities ; 2.2 The Model Penal and Correctional Code ; 2.3 The Structure of the Model Penal Code ; 3 The Model Penal Code in a Nutshell: Section 1.02 ; 3.1 The Prerequisites of Criminal Liability: Of Crimes and Criminals ; 3.2 The Analysis of Criminal Liability: Three Levels of Inquiry ; Chapter 1: Criminal Conduct ; 4 "Conduct" ; 4.1 Actus Reus ; (A) Act ; (B) Voluntariness ; (C) Omission ; (D) Possession ; 4.2 Mens Rea and Offense Elements ; (A) Element Types ; (B) The Mens Rea Requirement ; (C) Rules of Interpretation ; (D) Modes of Culpability ; (E) Matching Conduct to Offense ; 4.3 Intoxication and Mistake ; (A) Intoxication ; (B) Mistake ; 4.4 Liability for Another's Conduct ; (A) Instruments ; (B) Complicity ; (C) Corporations ; 5 "That Inflicts or Threatens" ; 5.1 Causation ; 5.2 Inchoate Offenses ; (A) Attempt ; (B) Conspiracy ; (C) Solicitation ; (D) Renunciation ; 6 "Substantial Harm to Individual or Public Interests" ; 6.1 Substantial Harm ; 6.2 Individual or Public Interests ; Chapter 2: Justification ; 7 Defenses in General ; 8 Necessity ; 9 Defense of Persons (Self and Others) and of Property ; 9.1 Self-Defense ; (A) Use of Force Upon or Toward Another Person ; (B) Belief ; (C) Necessity ; (D) Unlawfulness ; (E) Immediacy and Protection ; (F) Self- and Other-Defense ; 9.2 Defense of Property ; 9.3 Deadly Force ; 10 Law Enforcement ; 11 Consent ; Chapter 3: Excuse ; 12 Excuses in the Model Penal Code ; 13 Duress ; 14 Entrapment ; 15 Ignorance of Law ; 16 Provocation and Diminished Capacity ; 17 Insanity and Infancy ; Conclusion ; 18 Analysis of Criminal Liability ; Table of Cases ; Table of Model Penal Code Sections and Statutes ; Index

Markus D. Dubber is a Professor of Law at the University of Toronto, and formerly a Professor of Law and Director of the Buffalo Criminal Law Center, SUNY Buffalo School of Law. Prof. Dubber is a leading expert on criminal law. His publications include American Criminal Law: Cases, Statutes, and Comments (with Mark Kelman); New York Criminal Law: Cases and Materials; Victims in the War on Crime, as well as The Oxford Handbook of Criminal Law (with Tatjana Hörnle, Oxford, 2014) and Foundational Texts in Modern Criminal Law (Oxford, 2014).

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• Preface ; Acknowledgments ; Introduction ; 1 A Key to the Model Penal Code and to American Criminal Law ; 2 Origins: The ALI, Legal Process, and Treatmentism ; 2.1 Criminal Propensities ; 2.2 The Model Penal and Correctional Code ; 2.3 The Structure of the Model Penal Code ; 3 The Model Penal Code in a Nutshell: Section 1.02 ; 3.1 The Prerequisites of Criminal Liability: Of Crimes and Criminals ; 3.2 The Analysis of Criminal Liability: Three Levels of Inquiry ; Chapter 1: Criminal Conduct ; 4 "Conduct" ; 4.1 Actus Reus ; (A) Act ; (B) Voluntariness ; (C) Omission ; (D) Possession ; 4.2 Mens Rea and Offense Elements ; (A) Element Types ; (B) The Mens Rea Requirement ; (C) Rules of Interpretation ; (D) Modes of Culpability ; (E) Matching Conduct to Offense ; 4.3 Intoxication and Mistake ; (A) Intoxication ; (B) Mistake ; 4.4 Liability for Another's Conduct ; (A) Instruments ; (B) Complicity ; (C) Corporations ; 5 "That Inflicts or Threatens" ; 5.1 Causation ; 5.2 Inchoate Offenses ; (A) Attempt ; (B) Conspiracy ; (C) Solicitation ; (D) Renunciation ; 6 "Substantial Harm to Individual or Public Interests" ; 6.1 Substantial Harm ; 6.2 Individual or Public Interests ; Chapter 2: Justification ; 7 Defenses in General ; 8 Necessity ; 9 Defense of Persons (Self and Others) and of Property ; 9.1 Self-Defense ; (A) Use of Force Upon or Toward Another Person ; (B) Belief ; (C) Necessity ; (D) Unlawfulness ; (E) Immediacy and Protection ; (F) Self- and Other-Defense ; 9.2 Defense of Property ; 9.3 Deadly Force ; 10 Law Enforcement ; 11 Consent ; Chapter 3: Excuse ; 12 Excuses in the Model Penal Code ; 13 Duress ; 14 Entrapment ; 15 Ignorance of Law ; 16 Provocation and Diminished Capacity ; 17 Insanity and Infancy ; Conclusion ; 18 Analysis of Criminal Liability ; Table of Cases ; Table of Model Penal Code Sections and Statutes ; Index

Markus D. Dubber is a Professor of Law at the University of Toronto, and formerly a Professor of Law and Director of the Buffalo Criminal Law Center, SUNY Buffalo School of Law. Prof. Dubber is a leading expert on criminal law. His publications include American Criminal Law: Cases, Statutes, and Comments (with Mark Kelman); New York Criminal Law: Cases and Materials; Victims in the War on Crime, as well as The Oxford Handbook of Criminal Law (with Tatjana Hörnle, Oxford, 2014) and Foundational Texts in Modern Criminal Law (Oxford, 2014).

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• Preface ; Acknowledgments ; Introduction ; 1 A Key to the Model Penal Code and to American Criminal Law ; 2 Origins: The ALI, Legal Process, and Treatmentism ; 2.1 Criminal Propensities ; 2.2 The Model Penal and Correctional Code ; 2.3 The Structure of the Model Penal Code ; 3 The Model Penal Code in a Nutshell: Section 1.02 ; 3.1 The Prerequisites of Criminal Liability: Of Crimes and Criminals ; 3.2 The Analysis of Criminal Liability: Three Levels of Inquiry ; Chapter 1: Criminal Conduct ; 4 "Conduct" ; 4.1 Actus Reus ; (A) Act ; (B) Voluntariness ; (C) Omission ; (D) Possession ; 4.2 Mens Rea and Offense Elements ; (A) Element Types ; (B) The Mens Rea Requirement ; (C) Rules of Interpretation ; (D) Modes of Culpability ; (E) Matching Conduct to Offense ; 4.3 Intoxication and Mistake ; (A) Intoxication ; (B) Mistake ; 4.4 Liability for Another's Conduct ; (A) Instruments ; (B) Complicity ; (C) Corporations ; 5 "That Inflicts or Threatens" ; 5.1 Causation ; 5.2 Inchoate Offenses ; (A) Attempt ; (B) Conspiracy ; (C) Solicitation ; (D) Renunciation ; 6 "Substantial Harm to Individual or Public Interests" ; 6.1 Substantial Harm ; 6.2 Individual or Public Interests ; Chapter 2: Justification ; 7 Defenses in General ; 8 Necessity ; 9 Defense of Persons (Self and Others) and of Property ; 9.1 Self-Defense ; (A) Use of Force Upon or Toward Another Person ; (B) Belief ; (C) Necessity ; (D) Unlawfulness ; (E) Immediacy and Protection ; (F) Self- and Other-Defense ; 9.2 Defense of Property ; 9.3 Deadly Force ; 10 Law Enforcement ; 11 Consent ; Chapter 3: Excuse ; 12 Excuses in the Model Penal Code ; 13 Duress ; 14 Entrapment ; 15 Ignorance of Law ; 16 Provocation and Diminished Capacity ; 17 Insanity and Infancy ; Conclusion ; 18 Analysis of Criminal Liability ; Table of Cases ; Table of Model Penal Code Sections and Statutes ; Index