Jeffrey Einboden is Professor of English at Northern Illinois University and a 2017 Fellow of the American Council of Learned Societies. Einboden's most recent books include The Islamic Lineage of American Literary Culture (Oxford, 2016) and Islam and Romanticism (2014). He is the recipient of two fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities, including a 2011 award supporting Einboden's recovery, translation and teaching of Arabic slave writings.

The author has eloquently portrayed the interplay between specific American political undercurrents, especially during the early history of the US with the African representation of the Islamic culture in the North and West African regions from the 18th century onward.

• Dedication Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: "Beyond Oure Expressing"Chapter 3: "The Original Treaty in Arabic" Chapter 4: "Written in fair Arabic Characters" Chapter 5: "I take Refuge with the Lord of Daybreak" Chapter 6: "His name is 'Usman'' Chapter 7: "Combinations of Letters"Chapter 8: "Go to Mecca; and God will Render you Victorious" Chapter 9: "Wr s Unavdble" Chapter 10: "Mr Jefferson is in Reality a Musselman" Chapter 11: "The Prayer of the Poorest Slave of God" Chapter 12: "The Runners" Chapter 13: "Conquest is Close" Chapter 14: "A Word of any Language" Chapter 15: "One of Seven of the Arab Dialects" Chapter 16: "Humanity certainly Pleads Loud" Chapter 17: "Supposed to be Spys" Chapter 18: "His Mountain is made a sort of Mecca" Chapter 19: "A Sect by Myself" Chapter 20: "Slave of the Most Merciful" Chapter 21: "Their Eulogy will be Uttered in other Languages" Chapter 22: Epilogue Acknowledgements Notes Bibliography

Jeffrey Einboden is Professor of English at Northern Illinois University and a 2017 Fellow of the American Council of Learned Societies. Einboden's most recent books include The Islamic Lineage of American Literary Culture (Oxford, 2016) and Islam and Romanticism (2014). He is the recipient of two fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities, including a 2011 award supporting Einboden's recovery, translation and teaching of Arabic slave writings.

The author has eloquently portrayed the interplay between specific American political undercurrents, especially during the early history of the US with the African representation of the Islamic culture in the North and West African regions from the 18th century onward.

• Dedication Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: "Beyond Oure Expressing"Chapter 3: "The Original Treaty in Arabic" Chapter 4: "Written in fair Arabic Characters" Chapter 5: "I take Refuge with the Lord of Daybreak" Chapter 6: "His name is 'Usman'' Chapter 7: "Combinations of Letters"Chapter 8: "Go to Mecca; and God will Render you Victorious" Chapter 9: "Wr s Unavdble" Chapter 10: "Mr Jefferson is in Reality a Musselman" Chapter 11: "The Prayer of the Poorest Slave of God" Chapter 12: "The Runners" Chapter 13: "Conquest is Close" Chapter 14: "A Word of any Language" Chapter 15: "One of Seven of the Arab Dialects" Chapter 16: "Humanity certainly Pleads Loud" Chapter 17: "Supposed to be Spys" Chapter 18: "His Mountain is made a sort of Mecca" Chapter 19: "A Sect by Myself" Chapter 20: "Slave of the Most Merciful" Chapter 21: "Their Eulogy will be Uttered in other Languages" Chapter 22: Epilogue Acknowledgements Notes Bibliography

Jeffrey Einboden is Professor of English at Northern Illinois University and a 2017 Fellow of the American Council of Learned Societies. Einboden's most recent books include The Islamic Lineage of American Literary Culture (Oxford, 2016) and Islam and Romanticism (2014). He is the recipient of two fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities, including a 2011 award supporting Einboden's recovery, translation and teaching of Arabic slave writings.

The author has eloquently portrayed the interplay between specific American political undercurrents, especially during the early history of the US with the African representation of the Islamic culture in the North and West African regions from the 18th century onward.

• Dedication Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: "Beyond Oure Expressing"Chapter 3: "The Original Treaty in Arabic" Chapter 4: "Written in fair Arabic Characters" Chapter 5: "I take Refuge with the Lord of Daybreak" Chapter 6: "His name is 'Usman'' Chapter 7: "Combinations of Letters"Chapter 8: "Go to Mecca; and God will Render you Victorious" Chapter 9: "Wr s Unavdble" Chapter 10: "Mr Jefferson is in Reality a Musselman" Chapter 11: "The Prayer of the Poorest Slave of God" Chapter 12: "The Runners" Chapter 13: "Conquest is Close" Chapter 14: "A Word of any Language" Chapter 15: "One of Seven of the Arab Dialects" Chapter 16: "Humanity certainly Pleads Loud" Chapter 17: "Supposed to be Spys" Chapter 18: "His Mountain is made a sort of Mecca" Chapter 19: "A Sect by Myself" Chapter 20: "Slave of the Most Merciful" Chapter 21: "Their Eulogy will be Uttered in other Languages" Chapter 22: Epilogue Acknowledgements Notes Bibliography