Mark A. Graber is University of Maryland Regents Professor at the Francis King Carey School of LawSanford Levinson is W. St. John Garwood and W. St. John Garwood, Jr., Centennial Chair in Law at the University of Texas Law SchoolMark Tushnet is the William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Law at Harvard Law School

This edited volume is an informative, insightful, and comprehensive reference tool for those seeking to understand the conditions, causes, and consequences of the contemporary decline in many constitutional democratic orders worldwide. It makes a valuable contribution to the multidisciplinary scholarship in democratization, legal theory, and comparative politics, particularly with its theoretical tools and empirical assessments that improve our understanding of the current defects of democratic regimes.

• 1.: Mark A. Graber, Sanford Levinson, and Mark Tushnet: Constitutional Democracy in Crisis? Introduction Part I: Background 2.: Jack M. Balkin: Constitutional Crisis and Constitutional Rot 3.: Tom Ginsburg and Aziz Z. Huq: Defining and Tracking the Trajectory of Liberal Constitutional Democracy 4.: Zachary Elkins: Is the Sky Falling? Constitutional Crises in Historical Perspective 5.: Ellen Kennedy: Constitutional Failure Revisited Part II: Countries and Region 6.: Jennifer Hochschild: What's New? What's Next? Threats to the American Constitutional Order 7.: Eric A. Posner: The Trump Presidency: A Constitutional Crisis in the United States? 8.: Richard Albert and Michael Pal: The Democratic Resilience of the Canadian Constitution 9.: Ana Micaela Alterio and Roberto Niembro: Constitutional Culture and Democracy in Mexico: A Critical View of the 100-Year-Old Mexican Constitution 10.: David E. Landau: Constitution-Making and Authoritarianism in Venezuela: The First Time as Tragedy, the Second as Farce 11.: Roberto Gargarella: Latin America: Constitutions in Trouble 12.: Erin F. Delaney: Brexit Optimism and British Constitutional Renewal 13.: Nicolas Roussellier: France and the Fifth Republic: Constitutional Crisis or Political Malaise? 14.: Victor Ferreres Comella: Constitutional Crisis in Spain: The Catalan Secessionist Challenge 15.: Gábor Halmai: A Coup Against Constitutional Democracy: The Case of Hungary 16.: Wojciech Sadurski: Constitutional Crisis in Poland 17.: Michaela Hailbronner: Beyond Legitimacy: Europe's Crisis of Constitutional Democracy 18.: Heinz Klug: State Capture or Institutional Resilience: Is there a Crisis of Constitutional Democracy in South Africa 19.: James Thuo Gathii: Three Types of Constitutional Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa 20.: Ozan O. Varol: Stealth Authoritarianism in Turkey 21.: Yaniv Roznai: Israel: A Crisis of Liberal Democracy? 22.: Manoj Mate: Constitutional Erosion and the Challenge to Secular Democracy in India 23.: Rosalind Dixon and Anika Gauja: Australia's Non-Populist Democracy? The Role of Structure and Policy 24.: David S. Law and Chien-Chih Lin: Constitutional Inertia in Asia Part III: Factors 25.: Samuel Issacharoff: Populism versus Democratic Governance 26.: Desmond King and Rogers M. Smith: Populism, Racism, and the Rule of Law in Constitutional Democracies Today 27.: T. Alexander Aleinikoff: Inherent Instability: Immigration and Constitutional Democracies 28.: Kim Lane Scheppele: The Party's Over 29.: Ran Hirschl and Ayelet Shachar: 'Religious Talk' in Narratives of Membership 30.: Ganesh Sitaraman: Economic Inequality and Constitutional Democracy 31.: David Schneiderman: Disabling Constitutional Capacity: Global Economic Law and Democratic Decline 32.: Sujit Choudhry: Will Democracy Die in Darkness? Calling Autocracy by its Name 33.: Oren Gross: The Normal Exception 34.: Robert V. Percival: The Climate Crisis and Constitutional Democracies Part IV: Observations 35.: J.H.H. Weiler: The Crumbling of European Democracy 36.: Mark Tushnet: Comparing Right-Wing and Left-Wing Populism 37.: Sanford Levinson: The Continuing Specter of Popular Sovereignty and National Self-Determination in an Age of Political Uncertainty 38.: Mark A. Graber: What's in Crisis? The Postwar Constitutional Paradigm, Tranformative Constitutionalism, and the Fate of Constitutional Democracy List of Contributors Acknowledgments Index

Mark A. Graber is University of Maryland Regents Professor at the Francis King Carey School of LawSanford Levinson is W. St. John Garwood and W. St. John Garwood, Jr., Centennial Chair in Law at the University of Texas Law SchoolMark Tushnet is the William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Law at Harvard Law School

This edited volume is an informative, insightful, and comprehensive reference tool for those seeking to understand the conditions, causes, and consequences of the contemporary decline in many constitutional democratic orders worldwide. It makes a valuable contribution to the multidisciplinary scholarship in democratization, legal theory, and comparative politics, particularly with its theoretical tools and empirical assessments that improve our understanding of the current defects of democratic regimes.

• 1.: Mark A. Graber, Sanford Levinson, and Mark Tushnet: Constitutional Democracy in Crisis? Introduction Part I: Background 2.: Jack M. Balkin: Constitutional Crisis and Constitutional Rot 3.: Tom Ginsburg and Aziz Z. Huq: Defining and Tracking the Trajectory of Liberal Constitutional Democracy 4.: Zachary Elkins: Is the Sky Falling? Constitutional Crises in Historical Perspective 5.: Ellen Kennedy: Constitutional Failure Revisited Part II: Countries and Region 6.: Jennifer Hochschild: What's New? What's Next? Threats to the American Constitutional Order 7.: Eric A. Posner: The Trump Presidency: A Constitutional Crisis in the United States? 8.: Richard Albert and Michael Pal: The Democratic Resilience of the Canadian Constitution 9.: Ana Micaela Alterio and Roberto Niembro: Constitutional Culture and Democracy in Mexico: A Critical View of the 100-Year-Old Mexican Constitution 10.: David E. Landau: Constitution-Making and Authoritarianism in Venezuela: The First Time as Tragedy, the Second as Farce 11.: Roberto Gargarella: Latin America: Constitutions in Trouble 12.: Erin F. Delaney: Brexit Optimism and British Constitutional Renewal 13.: Nicolas Roussellier: France and the Fifth Republic: Constitutional Crisis or Political Malaise? 14.: Victor Ferreres Comella: Constitutional Crisis in Spain: The Catalan Secessionist Challenge 15.: Gábor Halmai: A Coup Against Constitutional Democracy: The Case of Hungary 16.: Wojciech Sadurski: Constitutional Crisis in Poland 17.: Michaela Hailbronner: Beyond Legitimacy: Europe's Crisis of Constitutional Democracy 18.: Heinz Klug: State Capture or Institutional Resilience: Is there a Crisis of Constitutional Democracy in South Africa 19.: James Thuo Gathii: Three Types of Constitutional Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa 20.: Ozan O. Varol: Stealth Authoritarianism in Turkey 21.: Yaniv Roznai: Israel: A Crisis of Liberal Democracy? 22.: Manoj Mate: Constitutional Erosion and the Challenge to Secular Democracy in India 23.: Rosalind Dixon and Anika Gauja: Australia's Non-Populist Democracy? The Role of Structure and Policy 24.: David S. Law and Chien-Chih Lin: Constitutional Inertia in Asia Part III: Factors 25.: Samuel Issacharoff: Populism versus Democratic Governance 26.: Desmond King and Rogers M. Smith: Populism, Racism, and the Rule of Law in Constitutional Democracies Today 27.: T. Alexander Aleinikoff: Inherent Instability: Immigration and Constitutional Democracies 28.: Kim Lane Scheppele: The Party's Over 29.: Ran Hirschl and Ayelet Shachar: 'Religious Talk' in Narratives of Membership 30.: Ganesh Sitaraman: Economic Inequality and Constitutional Democracy 31.: David Schneiderman: Disabling Constitutional Capacity: Global Economic Law and Democratic Decline 32.: Sujit Choudhry: Will Democracy Die in Darkness? Calling Autocracy by its Name 33.: Oren Gross: The Normal Exception 34.: Robert V. Percival: The Climate Crisis and Constitutional Democracies Part IV: Observations 35.: J.H.H. Weiler: The Crumbling of European Democracy 36.: Mark Tushnet: Comparing Right-Wing and Left-Wing Populism 37.: Sanford Levinson: The Continuing Specter of Popular Sovereignty and National Self-Determination in an Age of Political Uncertainty 38.: Mark A. Graber: What's in Crisis? The Postwar Constitutional Paradigm, Tranformative Constitutionalism, and the Fate of Constitutional Democracy List of Contributors Acknowledgments Index

Mark A. Graber is University of Maryland Regents Professor at the Francis King Carey School of LawSanford Levinson is W. St. John Garwood and W. St. John Garwood, Jr., Centennial Chair in Law at the University of Texas Law SchoolMark Tushnet is the William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Law at Harvard Law School

This edited volume is an informative, insightful, and comprehensive reference tool for those seeking to understand the conditions, causes, and consequences of the contemporary decline in many constitutional democratic orders worldwide. It makes a valuable contribution to the multidisciplinary scholarship in democratization, legal theory, and comparative politics, particularly with its theoretical tools and empirical assessments that improve our understanding of the current defects of democratic regimes.

• 1.: Mark A. Graber, Sanford Levinson, and Mark Tushnet: Constitutional Democracy in Crisis? Introduction Part I: Background 2.: Jack M. Balkin: Constitutional Crisis and Constitutional Rot 3.: Tom Ginsburg and Aziz Z. Huq: Defining and Tracking the Trajectory of Liberal Constitutional Democracy 4.: Zachary Elkins: Is the Sky Falling? Constitutional Crises in Historical Perspective 5.: Ellen Kennedy: Constitutional Failure Revisited Part II: Countries and Region 6.: Jennifer Hochschild: What's New? What's Next? Threats to the American Constitutional Order 7.: Eric A. Posner: The Trump Presidency: A Constitutional Crisis in the United States? 8.: Richard Albert and Michael Pal: The Democratic Resilience of the Canadian Constitution 9.: Ana Micaela Alterio and Roberto Niembro: Constitutional Culture and Democracy in Mexico: A Critical View of the 100-Year-Old Mexican Constitution 10.: David E. Landau: Constitution-Making and Authoritarianism in Venezuela: The First Time as Tragedy, the Second as Farce 11.: Roberto Gargarella: Latin America: Constitutions in Trouble 12.: Erin F. Delaney: Brexit Optimism and British Constitutional Renewal 13.: Nicolas Roussellier: France and the Fifth Republic: Constitutional Crisis or Political Malaise? 14.: Victor Ferreres Comella: Constitutional Crisis in Spain: The Catalan Secessionist Challenge 15.: Gábor Halmai: A Coup Against Constitutional Democracy: The Case of Hungary 16.: Wojciech Sadurski: Constitutional Crisis in Poland 17.: Michaela Hailbronner: Beyond Legitimacy: Europe's Crisis of Constitutional Democracy 18.: Heinz Klug: State Capture or Institutional Resilience: Is there a Crisis of Constitutional Democracy in South Africa 19.: James Thuo Gathii: Three Types of Constitutional Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa 20.: Ozan O. Varol: Stealth Authoritarianism in Turkey 21.: Yaniv Roznai: Israel: A Crisis of Liberal Democracy? 22.: Manoj Mate: Constitutional Erosion and the Challenge to Secular Democracy in India 23.: Rosalind Dixon and Anika Gauja: Australia's Non-Populist Democracy? The Role of Structure and Policy 24.: David S. Law and Chien-Chih Lin: Constitutional Inertia in Asia Part III: Factors 25.: Samuel Issacharoff: Populism versus Democratic Governance 26.: Desmond King and Rogers M. Smith: Populism, Racism, and the Rule of Law in Constitutional Democracies Today 27.: T. Alexander Aleinikoff: Inherent Instability: Immigration and Constitutional Democracies 28.: Kim Lane Scheppele: The Party's Over 29.: Ran Hirschl and Ayelet Shachar: 'Religious Talk' in Narratives of Membership 30.: Ganesh Sitaraman: Economic Inequality and Constitutional Democracy 31.: David Schneiderman: Disabling Constitutional Capacity: Global Economic Law and Democratic Decline 32.: Sujit Choudhry: Will Democracy Die in Darkness? Calling Autocracy by its Name 33.: Oren Gross: The Normal Exception 34.: Robert V. Percival: The Climate Crisis and Constitutional Democracies Part IV: Observations 35.: J.H.H. Weiler: The Crumbling of European Democracy 36.: Mark Tushnet: Comparing Right-Wing and Left-Wing Populism 37.: Sanford Levinson: The Continuing Specter of Popular Sovereignty and National Self-Determination in an Age of Political Uncertainty 38.: Mark A. Graber: What's in Crisis? The Postwar Constitutional Paradigm, Tranformative Constitutionalism, and the Fate of Constitutional Democracy List of Contributors Acknowledgments Index