Conrado Hübner Mendes is Assistant Professor of Public Law at the University of São Paulo.Roberto Gargarella is Professor of Law at the University of Buenos Aires and at Torcuato di Tella University in Buenos Aires. Sebastián Guidi is a JSD candidate at Yale Law School and Adjunct Professor in Universidad Torcuato di Tella.

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• Part I Constitutions 1: Juan F. González Bertomeu: Argentina 2: Joshua Braver: Bolivia 3: Virgílio Afonso da Silva and Thomaz Pereira: Brazil 4: Domingo Lovera Parmo: Chile 5: Antonio Barreto-Rozo: Colombia 6: Bruce M. Wilson and Olman Rodriguez Loaiza: Costa Rica 7: Julio César Guanche: Cuba 8: Daniela Salazar: Ecuador 9: Francisca Pou Giménez: Mexico 10: Daniel Mendonça y Juan Carlos Mendonça: Paraguay 11: Camila Gianella Malca and Ursula Baertl Espinoza: Peru 12: Gianella Bardazano: Uruguay 13: Ana Cristina Núñez M. and Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo: Venezuela Part II Constitutional Controversies A. Comparing Constitutions in Latin America 14: Roberto Gargarella: Latin American Constitutional Traditions 15: Gabriel L. Negretto: Participatory Constitution-Making in Latin America: Consequences for Institutional Design 16: Julio Ríos-Figueroa and Andrea Pozas-Loyo: Authoritarian Constitutionalism 17: Javier Couso: Latin American New Constitutionalism 18: Helena Alviar García: Foreign Capital and Constitutions B. Institutions 19: Marcelo Alegre and Nahuel Maisley: Presidentialism and Hyper-Presidentialism 20: Fernando Limongi and José Cheibub: Elections 21: Matthew M.Taylor: Courts and Judicial Independence 22: Gretchen Helmke: Courts and Judicial Manipulation 23: Diana Kapiszewski and Katja Newman: Judicialization of Politics 24: Diana Rodriguez Franco and César Rodríguez Garavito: Strategic Litigation and Social Change 25: Luciana Gross Cunha: Access to Justice 26: Marta Arretche: Federalist and Unitary States 27: Gabriela Lotta and Vanessa Elias de Oliveira: Local Government 28: Rogério Arantes and Cláudio Couto: Constitutions and Public Policies 29: Dawisson Belém Lopes and Mario Schettino Valente: Constitutions and Foreign Affairs 30: Alejandro Chehtman: Constitutions and International Law C. Rights 31: Laura Clérico: Proportionality and Balancing 32: Maria Paula Saffon: Property and Land 33: Ramiro Álvarez Ugarte: Freedom of expression 34: Diego Werneck Arguelhes and Luiz Fernando Marrey Moncau: Privacy 35: Ramiro Álvarez Ugarte: Right to Information and Transparency 36: Deisy Ventura and Camila Baraldi: Immigration and Citizenship 37: Leonardo Avritzer and Cláudia Feres Faria: Political Participation and Democratic Innovation 38: Ángel R. Oquendo: Due Process 39: Maíra Machado: Prisoners Rights 40: Octavio Luiz Motta Ferraz: Equality 41: Isabel Cristina Jaramillo Sierra: Sex Equality 42: Tanya Katerí Hernández: Race Discrimination 43: Daniel M. Brinks: Social Rights 44: Alicia Ely Yamin: The Right to Health 45: Danielle H. Rached and Conrado Hübner Mendes: Environment 46: Agustina Ramón Michel: Abortion 47: Daniel Bonilla Maldonado: Multicultural Constitutions Part III Comparative Viewpoints 48: Jackie Dugard: A View from South Africa 49: Shylashri Shankar: Judicial Independence in Latin America: A View from Asia 50: Tom Ginsburg: Latin American Constitutionalism: A US Perspective 51: Siri Gloppen: A View from Northern Europe 52: Michaela Hailbronner: A View from Western Europe 53: Latin America: The Shifting Constitutional Continenta

Conrado Hübner Mendes is Assistant Professor of Public Law at the University of São Paulo.Roberto Gargarella is Professor of Law at the University of Buenos Aires and at Torcuato di Tella University in Buenos Aires. Sebastián Guidi is a JSD candidate at Yale Law School and Adjunct Professor in Universidad Torcuato di Tella.

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• Part I Constitutions 1: Juan F. González Bertomeu: Argentina 2: Joshua Braver: Bolivia 3: Virgílio Afonso da Silva and Thomaz Pereira: Brazil 4: Domingo Lovera Parmo: Chile 5: Antonio Barreto-Rozo: Colombia 6: Bruce M. Wilson and Olman Rodriguez Loaiza: Costa Rica 7: Julio César Guanche: Cuba 8: Daniela Salazar: Ecuador 9: Francisca Pou Giménez: Mexico 10: Daniel Mendonça y Juan Carlos Mendonça: Paraguay 11: Camila Gianella Malca and Ursula Baertl Espinoza: Peru 12: Gianella Bardazano: Uruguay 13: Ana Cristina Núñez M. and Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo: Venezuela Part II Constitutional Controversies A. Comparing Constitutions in Latin America 14: Roberto Gargarella: Latin American Constitutional Traditions 15: Gabriel L. Negretto: Participatory Constitution-Making in Latin America: Consequences for Institutional Design 16: Julio Ríos-Figueroa and Andrea Pozas-Loyo: Authoritarian Constitutionalism 17: Javier Couso: Latin American New Constitutionalism 18: Helena Alviar García: Foreign Capital and Constitutions B. Institutions 19: Marcelo Alegre and Nahuel Maisley: Presidentialism and Hyper-Presidentialism 20: Fernando Limongi and José Cheibub: Elections 21: Matthew M.Taylor: Courts and Judicial Independence 22: Gretchen Helmke: Courts and Judicial Manipulation 23: Diana Kapiszewski and Katja Newman: Judicialization of Politics 24: Diana Rodriguez Franco and César Rodríguez Garavito: Strategic Litigation and Social Change 25: Luciana Gross Cunha: Access to Justice 26: Marta Arretche: Federalist and Unitary States 27: Gabriela Lotta and Vanessa Elias de Oliveira: Local Government 28: Rogério Arantes and Cláudio Couto: Constitutions and Public Policies 29: Dawisson Belém Lopes and Mario Schettino Valente: Constitutions and Foreign Affairs 30: Alejandro Chehtman: Constitutions and International Law C. Rights 31: Laura Clérico: Proportionality and Balancing 32: Maria Paula Saffon: Property and Land 33: Ramiro Álvarez Ugarte: Freedom of expression 34: Diego Werneck Arguelhes and Luiz Fernando Marrey Moncau: Privacy 35: Ramiro Álvarez Ugarte: Right to Information and Transparency 36: Deisy Ventura and Camila Baraldi: Immigration and Citizenship 37: Leonardo Avritzer and Cláudia Feres Faria: Political Participation and Democratic Innovation 38: Ángel R. Oquendo: Due Process 39: Maíra Machado: Prisoners Rights 40: Octavio Luiz Motta Ferraz: Equality 41: Isabel Cristina Jaramillo Sierra: Sex Equality 42: Tanya Katerí Hernández: Race Discrimination 43: Daniel M. Brinks: Social Rights 44: Alicia Ely Yamin: The Right to Health 45: Danielle H. Rached and Conrado Hübner Mendes: Environment 46: Agustina Ramón Michel: Abortion 47: Daniel Bonilla Maldonado: Multicultural Constitutions Part III Comparative Viewpoints 48: Jackie Dugard: A View from South Africa 49: Shylashri Shankar: Judicial Independence in Latin America: A View from Asia 50: Tom Ginsburg: Latin American Constitutionalism: A US Perspective 51: Siri Gloppen: A View from Northern Europe 52: Michaela Hailbronner: A View from Western Europe 53: Latin America: The Shifting Constitutional Continenta

Conrado Hübner Mendes is Assistant Professor of Public Law at the University of São Paulo.Roberto Gargarella is Professor of Law at the University of Buenos Aires and at Torcuato di Tella University in Buenos Aires. Sebastián Guidi is a JSD candidate at Yale Law School and Adjunct Professor in Universidad Torcuato di Tella.

Select Guide Rating

• Part I Constitutions 1: Juan F. González Bertomeu: Argentina 2: Joshua Braver: Bolivia 3: Virgílio Afonso da Silva and Thomaz Pereira: Brazil 4: Domingo Lovera Parmo: Chile 5: Antonio Barreto-Rozo: Colombia 6: Bruce M. Wilson and Olman Rodriguez Loaiza: Costa Rica 7: Julio César Guanche: Cuba 8: Daniela Salazar: Ecuador 9: Francisca Pou Giménez: Mexico 10: Daniel Mendonça y Juan Carlos Mendonça: Paraguay 11: Camila Gianella Malca and Ursula Baertl Espinoza: Peru 12: Gianella Bardazano: Uruguay 13: Ana Cristina Núñez M. and Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo: Venezuela Part II Constitutional Controversies A. Comparing Constitutions in Latin America 14: Roberto Gargarella: Latin American Constitutional Traditions 15: Gabriel L. Negretto: Participatory Constitution-Making in Latin America: Consequences for Institutional Design 16: Julio Ríos-Figueroa and Andrea Pozas-Loyo: Authoritarian Constitutionalism 17: Javier Couso: Latin American New Constitutionalism 18: Helena Alviar García: Foreign Capital and Constitutions B. Institutions 19: Marcelo Alegre and Nahuel Maisley: Presidentialism and Hyper-Presidentialism 20: Fernando Limongi and José Cheibub: Elections 21: Matthew M.Taylor: Courts and Judicial Independence 22: Gretchen Helmke: Courts and Judicial Manipulation 23: Diana Kapiszewski and Katja Newman: Judicialization of Politics 24: Diana Rodriguez Franco and César Rodríguez Garavito: Strategic Litigation and Social Change 25: Luciana Gross Cunha: Access to Justice 26: Marta Arretche: Federalist and Unitary States 27: Gabriela Lotta and Vanessa Elias de Oliveira: Local Government 28: Rogério Arantes and Cláudio Couto: Constitutions and Public Policies 29: Dawisson Belém Lopes and Mario Schettino Valente: Constitutions and Foreign Affairs 30: Alejandro Chehtman: Constitutions and International Law C. Rights 31: Laura Clérico: Proportionality and Balancing 32: Maria Paula Saffon: Property and Land 33: Ramiro Álvarez Ugarte: Freedom of expression 34: Diego Werneck Arguelhes and Luiz Fernando Marrey Moncau: Privacy 35: Ramiro Álvarez Ugarte: Right to Information and Transparency 36: Deisy Ventura and Camila Baraldi: Immigration and Citizenship 37: Leonardo Avritzer and Cláudia Feres Faria: Political Participation and Democratic Innovation 38: Ángel R. Oquendo: Due Process 39: Maíra Machado: Prisoners Rights 40: Octavio Luiz Motta Ferraz: Equality 41: Isabel Cristina Jaramillo Sierra: Sex Equality 42: Tanya Katerí Hernández: Race Discrimination 43: Daniel M. Brinks: Social Rights 44: Alicia Ely Yamin: The Right to Health 45: Danielle H. Rached and Conrado Hübner Mendes: Environment 46: Agustina Ramón Michel: Abortion 47: Daniel Bonilla Maldonado: Multicultural Constitutions Part III Comparative Viewpoints 48: Jackie Dugard: A View from South Africa 49: Shylashri Shankar: Judicial Independence in Latin America: A View from Asia 50: Tom Ginsburg: Latin American Constitutionalism: A US Perspective 51: Siri Gloppen: A View from Northern Europe 52: Michaela Hailbronner: A View from Western Europe 53: Latin America: The Shifting Constitutional Continenta