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• 1: Wolfgang Merkel, Raj Kollmorgen, and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Transformation and Transition Research: An Introduction Section I Theoretical Frameworks 2: Wolfgang Merkel, Julian Brückner, and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: System 3: Stefan Voigt: Institutions 4: Wolfgang Merkel and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Actors Section II Research Approaches 5: Raj Kollmorgen: Modernization Theories 6: Julian Brückner: Transition Approaches 7: Julian Brückner: Structuralism 8: Jan Kubik: Cultural Approaches 9: Christoph H. Stefes: Historical Institutionalism and Societal Transformations 10: Malcolm H. Dunn and Joseph P. Ganahl: Development Economics and Transformation Studies 11: Stefan Kolev and Joachim Zweynert: Approaches to Transformation in Economics 12: Frank Bönker: Political Economy Approaches 13: Jürgen Beyer: Political Steering Approach 14: Karl-Dieter Opp: Political Mobilization Approaches 15: Grzegorz Ekiert: Civil Society Approach 16: Raj Kollmorgen and Wolfgang Merkel: Combining Theoretical Approaches Section III Methods 17: Carsten Q. Schneider: Macro-Qualitative Approaches 18: Bruno Hildenbrand: Micro-Qualitative Research 19: Gert Pickel and Susanne Pickel: Quantitative Methods in Transformation Research 20: Tatjana Thelen: Ethnographic Methods 21: Johannes Angermuller and Raj Kollmorgen: Discourse Approaches 22: Martin Myant and Jan Drahokoupil: Economic Methods 23: Dirk Berg-Schlosser: Comparative Methods in Transformation Research: Political Culture Section IV Historic Waves and Types of Societal Transformations 24: Raj Kollmorgen: Post-Absolutist Transformations in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries 25: Dieter Segert: State-Socialist Transformations in the Twentieth Century 26: Alexander Nützenadel: Transformation in Fascist Interbellum Europe 27: Wolfgang Merkel and Johannes Gerschewski: Democratic Transformations after the Second World War 28: Carsten Herrmann-Pillath: China's Transformations in the Twentieth Century: Economic, Political and Cultural Interdependencies 29: Siegmar Schmidt: Postcolonial Transformations in Africa in the Twentieth Century 30: Naser Ghobadzadeh: Islamist Transformations: From Utopian Vision to Dystopian Reality 31: Peter Thiery: Democratic Transitions in the Late Twentieth Century 32: Raj Kollmorgen: Post-socialist Transformations in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries Section V Spheres 33: John Keane and Wolfgang Merkel: Civil Society 34: Christian Kirchner and David Ehmke: Law 35: Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Economy Section VI Basic Problems of Transformation 36: Antje Kästner: Autocracy Promotion 37: Anton Sterbling: Collective Identities 38: Astrid Lorenz: Constitution-building 39: Bernhard Weßels: Corporative Actors: Parties, Associations 40: Attila Ágh: Deconsolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe 41: Aurel Croissant and Wolfgang Merkel: Defective Democracy 42: Julia Leininger: Democracy Promotion 43: Leonardo Morlino: Democratic Consolidation 44: Jürgen Dorbritz: Demographic Transitions 45: Ilyas Saliba and Wolfgang Merkel: Dilemma of Simultaneity 46: Michael Fritsch: Economic Restructuring 47: Andreas Schedler: Elections and Transformation 48: Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser: Elites 49: Vera Trappmann: External Transformation Anchors 50: Hans-Dieter Klingemann: Founding Elections 51: Silke Roth and Charlie Walker: Gender Relations 52: Aurel Croissant: Historical Legacies 53: Alexander Schmotz: Hybrid Regimes 54: Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Institutional Transfer 55: Herman W. Hoen: Internationalization 56: Katharina Pistor: Legal Systems and Economic Development 57: Daniel Lambach: Legitimacy 58: László Csaba: Liberalization 59: Marek Dabrowski: Macroeconomic Stabilization 60: Barbara Thomaß: Mass Media 61: Sonja Grimm: Military Intervention 62: Hubert Gabrisch: Monetary Transformation 63: Saara Inkinen: Parties as Agents of Transition 64: Wolfgang Merkel and Lea Heyne: Phases of Transformation 65: Detlef Pollack: Political Culture 66: Dag Tanneberg: Political Repression 67: Bruno Dallago and Chiara Guglielmetti: Privatization 68: Thomas Apolte: Property Rights 69: Hans-Joachim Lauth: Regime Diffusion 70: Hans-Joachim Bürkner: Regional Disparities 71: Detlef Pollack: Religious Change 72: Anne van Aaken: Rule of Law and Statehood 73: Kenneth Newton: Social Capital 74: Raj Kollmorgen: Social Inequalities 75: Katharina Müller: Social Security 76: Timm Beichelt: Stateness 77: Vladimir Popov: Strategies of Economic Transformation 78: Jan Fidrmuc: Transformation Crises 79: Brigitte Weiffen: Transitional Justice 80: Bernhard Weßels: Value Change

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• 1: Wolfgang Merkel, Raj Kollmorgen, and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Transformation and Transition Research: An Introduction Section I Theoretical Frameworks 2: Wolfgang Merkel, Julian Brückner, and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: System 3: Stefan Voigt: Institutions 4: Wolfgang Merkel and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Actors Section II Research Approaches 5: Raj Kollmorgen: Modernization Theories 6: Julian Brückner: Transition Approaches 7: Julian Brückner: Structuralism 8: Jan Kubik: Cultural Approaches 9: Christoph H. Stefes: Historical Institutionalism and Societal Transformations 10: Malcolm H. Dunn and Joseph P. Ganahl: Development Economics and Transformation Studies 11: Stefan Kolev and Joachim Zweynert: Approaches to Transformation in Economics 12: Frank Bönker: Political Economy Approaches 13: Jürgen Beyer: Political Steering Approach 14: Karl-Dieter Opp: Political Mobilization Approaches 15: Grzegorz Ekiert: Civil Society Approach 16: Raj Kollmorgen and Wolfgang Merkel: Combining Theoretical Approaches Section III Methods 17: Carsten Q. Schneider: Macro-Qualitative Approaches 18: Bruno Hildenbrand: Micro-Qualitative Research 19: Gert Pickel and Susanne Pickel: Quantitative Methods in Transformation Research 20: Tatjana Thelen: Ethnographic Methods 21: Johannes Angermuller and Raj Kollmorgen: Discourse Approaches 22: Martin Myant and Jan Drahokoupil: Economic Methods 23: Dirk Berg-Schlosser: Comparative Methods in Transformation Research: Political Culture Section IV Historic Waves and Types of Societal Transformations 24: Raj Kollmorgen: Post-Absolutist Transformations in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries 25: Dieter Segert: State-Socialist Transformations in the Twentieth Century 26: Alexander Nützenadel: Transformation in Fascist Interbellum Europe 27: Wolfgang Merkel and Johannes Gerschewski: Democratic Transformations after the Second World War 28: Carsten Herrmann-Pillath: China's Transformations in the Twentieth Century: Economic, Political and Cultural Interdependencies 29: Siegmar Schmidt: Postcolonial Transformations in Africa in the Twentieth Century 30: Naser Ghobadzadeh: Islamist Transformations: From Utopian Vision to Dystopian Reality 31: Peter Thiery: Democratic Transitions in the Late Twentieth Century 32: Raj Kollmorgen: Post-socialist Transformations in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries Section V Spheres 33: John Keane and Wolfgang Merkel: Civil Society 34: Christian Kirchner and David Ehmke: Law 35: Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Economy Section VI Basic Problems of Transformation 36: Antje Kästner: Autocracy Promotion 37: Anton Sterbling: Collective Identities 38: Astrid Lorenz: Constitution-building 39: Bernhard Weßels: Corporative Actors: Parties, Associations 40: Attila Ágh: Deconsolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe 41: Aurel Croissant and Wolfgang Merkel: Defective Democracy 42: Julia Leininger: Democracy Promotion 43: Leonardo Morlino: Democratic Consolidation 44: Jürgen Dorbritz: Demographic Transitions 45: Ilyas Saliba and Wolfgang Merkel: Dilemma of Simultaneity 46: Michael Fritsch: Economic Restructuring 47: Andreas Schedler: Elections and Transformation 48: Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser: Elites 49: Vera Trappmann: External Transformation Anchors 50: Hans-Dieter Klingemann: Founding Elections 51: Silke Roth and Charlie Walker: Gender Relations 52: Aurel Croissant: Historical Legacies 53: Alexander Schmotz: Hybrid Regimes 54: Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Institutional Transfer 55: Herman W. Hoen: Internationalization 56: Katharina Pistor: Legal Systems and Economic Development 57: Daniel Lambach: Legitimacy 58: László Csaba: Liberalization 59: Marek Dabrowski: Macroeconomic Stabilization 60: Barbara Thomaß: Mass Media 61: Sonja Grimm: Military Intervention 62: Hubert Gabrisch: Monetary Transformation 63: Saara Inkinen: Parties as Agents of Transition 64: Wolfgang Merkel and Lea Heyne: Phases of Transformation 65: Detlef Pollack: Political Culture 66: Dag Tanneberg: Political Repression 67: Bruno Dallago and Chiara Guglielmetti: Privatization 68: Thomas Apolte: Property Rights 69: Hans-Joachim Lauth: Regime Diffusion 70: Hans-Joachim Bürkner: Regional Disparities 71: Detlef Pollack: Religious Change 72: Anne van Aaken: Rule of Law and Statehood 73: Kenneth Newton: Social Capital 74: Raj Kollmorgen: Social Inequalities 75: Katharina Müller: Social Security 76: Timm Beichelt: Stateness 77: Vladimir Popov: Strategies of Economic Transformation 78: Jan Fidrmuc: Transformation Crises 79: Brigitte Weiffen: Transitional Justice 80: Bernhard Weßels: Value Change

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• 1: Wolfgang Merkel, Raj Kollmorgen, and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Transformation and Transition Research: An Introduction Section I Theoretical Frameworks 2: Wolfgang Merkel, Julian Brückner, and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: System 3: Stefan Voigt: Institutions 4: Wolfgang Merkel and Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Actors Section II Research Approaches 5: Raj Kollmorgen: Modernization Theories 6: Julian Brückner: Transition Approaches 7: Julian Brückner: Structuralism 8: Jan Kubik: Cultural Approaches 9: Christoph H. Stefes: Historical Institutionalism and Societal Transformations 10: Malcolm H. Dunn and Joseph P. Ganahl: Development Economics and Transformation Studies 11: Stefan Kolev and Joachim Zweynert: Approaches to Transformation in Economics 12: Frank Bönker: Political Economy Approaches 13: Jürgen Beyer: Political Steering Approach 14: Karl-Dieter Opp: Political Mobilization Approaches 15: Grzegorz Ekiert: Civil Society Approach 16: Raj Kollmorgen and Wolfgang Merkel: Combining Theoretical Approaches Section III Methods 17: Carsten Q. Schneider: Macro-Qualitative Approaches 18: Bruno Hildenbrand: Micro-Qualitative Research 19: Gert Pickel and Susanne Pickel: Quantitative Methods in Transformation Research 20: Tatjana Thelen: Ethnographic Methods 21: Johannes Angermuller and Raj Kollmorgen: Discourse Approaches 22: Martin Myant and Jan Drahokoupil: Economic Methods 23: Dirk Berg-Schlosser: Comparative Methods in Transformation Research: Political Culture Section IV Historic Waves and Types of Societal Transformations 24: Raj Kollmorgen: Post-Absolutist Transformations in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries 25: Dieter Segert: State-Socialist Transformations in the Twentieth Century 26: Alexander Nützenadel: Transformation in Fascist Interbellum Europe 27: Wolfgang Merkel and Johannes Gerschewski: Democratic Transformations after the Second World War 28: Carsten Herrmann-Pillath: China's Transformations in the Twentieth Century: Economic, Political and Cultural Interdependencies 29: Siegmar Schmidt: Postcolonial Transformations in Africa in the Twentieth Century 30: Naser Ghobadzadeh: Islamist Transformations: From Utopian Vision to Dystopian Reality 31: Peter Thiery: Democratic Transitions in the Late Twentieth Century 32: Raj Kollmorgen: Post-socialist Transformations in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries Section V Spheres 33: John Keane and Wolfgang Merkel: Civil Society 34: Christian Kirchner and David Ehmke: Law 35: Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Economy Section VI Basic Problems of Transformation 36: Antje Kästner: Autocracy Promotion 37: Anton Sterbling: Collective Identities 38: Astrid Lorenz: Constitution-building 39: Bernhard Weßels: Corporative Actors: Parties, Associations 40: Attila Ágh: Deconsolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe 41: Aurel Croissant and Wolfgang Merkel: Defective Democracy 42: Julia Leininger: Democracy Promotion 43: Leonardo Morlino: Democratic Consolidation 44: Jürgen Dorbritz: Demographic Transitions 45: Ilyas Saliba and Wolfgang Merkel: Dilemma of Simultaneity 46: Michael Fritsch: Economic Restructuring 47: Andreas Schedler: Elections and Transformation 48: Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser: Elites 49: Vera Trappmann: External Transformation Anchors 50: Hans-Dieter Klingemann: Founding Elections 51: Silke Roth and Charlie Walker: Gender Relations 52: Aurel Croissant: Historical Legacies 53: Alexander Schmotz: Hybrid Regimes 54: Hans-Jürgen Wagener: Institutional Transfer 55: Herman W. Hoen: Internationalization 56: Katharina Pistor: Legal Systems and Economic Development 57: Daniel Lambach: Legitimacy 58: László Csaba: Liberalization 59: Marek Dabrowski: Macroeconomic Stabilization 60: Barbara Thomaß: Mass Media 61: Sonja Grimm: Military Intervention 62: Hubert Gabrisch: Monetary Transformation 63: Saara Inkinen: Parties as Agents of Transition 64: Wolfgang Merkel and Lea Heyne: Phases of Transformation 65: Detlef Pollack: Political Culture 66: Dag Tanneberg: Political Repression 67: Bruno Dallago and Chiara Guglielmetti: Privatization 68: Thomas Apolte: Property Rights 69: Hans-Joachim Lauth: Regime Diffusion 70: Hans-Joachim Bürkner: Regional Disparities 71: Detlef Pollack: Religious Change 72: Anne van Aaken: Rule of Law and Statehood 73: Kenneth Newton: Social Capital 74: Raj Kollmorgen: Social Inequalities 75: Katharina Müller: Social Security 76: Timm Beichelt: Stateness 77: Vladimir Popov: Strategies of Economic Transformation 78: Jan Fidrmuc: Transformation Crises 79: Brigitte Weiffen: Transitional Justice 80: Bernhard Weßels: Value Change