ROGER BILSTEIN Professor of Aviation and Aerospace History, University of HoustonMARC DIERIKX Independent scholar based in the NetherlandsJOANNA FILIPZCYK Teaches economic history at the University of Cracow in PolandAMILCARE MANTEGAZZA economic historian at the University of MilanNICHOLAS NEIERTZ Professeur Agrégé at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métieers in Paris

• Preface Notes on the Contributors Introduction; P. Lyth and H. Dienel Air France: An Elephant in an Evening Suit; N. Neiertz Chosen Instruments: the Evolution of British Airways; P. Lyth Lufthansa: Two German Airlines; H. Dienel KLM: An Airline Outgrowing its Flag; M. Dierikx Alitalia and Commercial Aviation in Italy; M. Mantegazza LOT: Connecting East and West in Poland; J. Filipczyk Airlines, Entrepreneurs and Bureaucrats: The America Experience; R. Bilstein Bibliography Index

ROGER BILSTEIN Professor of Aviation and Aerospace History, University of HoustonMARC DIERIKX Independent scholar based in the NetherlandsJOANNA FILIPZCYK Teaches economic history at the University of Cracow in PolandAMILCARE MANTEGAZZA economic historian at the University of MilanNICHOLAS NEIERTZ Professeur Agrégé at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métieers in Paris

• Preface Notes on the Contributors Introduction; P. Lyth and H. Dienel Air France: An Elephant in an Evening Suit; N. Neiertz Chosen Instruments: the Evolution of British Airways; P. Lyth Lufthansa: Two German Airlines; H. Dienel KLM: An Airline Outgrowing its Flag; M. Dierikx Alitalia and Commercial Aviation in Italy; M. Mantegazza LOT: Connecting East and West in Poland; J. Filipczyk Airlines, Entrepreneurs and Bureaucrats: The America Experience; R. Bilstein Bibliography Index