Jefferson L. Ingram holds the rank of Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Dayton. He has a B.S. in secondary education, an M.A. in American history, and a Juris Doctor in law. He is a member of the Ohio Bar, the Florida Bar, the Bar of the federal courts for the Southern District of Ohio, and the Bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He is a co-author (with Jacqueline R. Kanovitz and Christopher J. Devine) of Constitutional Law for Criminal Justice, 15th Edition (2018) and has authored several books on criminal procedure.

• Preface; Acknowledgments; PART I. History and Approach to the Study of Evidence; 1. The Study of Evidence: History, Development, and Approach; Section 1. Proof by Evidence and Substitutes 2. Burden of Proof; 3. Proof via Evidence; 4. Substitutes for Admission of Evidence: Judicial Notice, Stipulations, Inferences, and Presumptions; Section 2. General Admissibility Tests 5. Relevancy and Materiality; 6. Competency of Evidence and Witnesses; Section 3. Evidence via Witness Testimony 7. Examination of Witnesses; 8. Privileges; 9. Opinions and Expert Testimony; 10. Hearsay Rule and Exceptions; 11. Documentary Evidence; 12. Real Evidence; 13. Results of Examinations and Tests; Section 4. Exclusion of Evidence on Constitutional Grounds 14. Evidence Unconstitutionally Obtained; PART II. Judicial Decisions Relating to Part I; Table of Cases in Part II; Cases Relating to Chapter 1; Cases Relating to Chapter 2; Cases Relating to Chapter 3; Cases Relating to Chapter 4; Cases Relating to Chapter 5; Cases Relating to Chapter 6; Cases Relating to Chapter 7; Cases Relating to Chapter 8; Cases Relating to Chapter 9; Cases Relating to Chapter 10; Cases Relating to Chapter 11; Cases Relating to Chapter 12; Cases Relating to Chapter 13; Cases Relating to Chapter 14; Appendix I: Federal Rules of Evidence; Index of Cases; Subject Index

Jefferson L. Ingram holds the rank of Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Dayton. He has a B.S. in secondary education, an M.A. in American history, and a Juris Doctor in law. He is a member of the Ohio Bar, the Florida Bar, the Bar of the federal courts for the Southern District of Ohio, and the Bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He is a co-author (with Jacqueline R. Kanovitz and Christopher J. Devine) of Constitutional Law for Criminal Justice, 15th Edition (2018) and has authored several books on criminal procedure.

• Preface; Acknowledgments; PART I. History and Approach to the Study of Evidence; 1. The Study of Evidence: History, Development, and Approach; Section 1. Proof by Evidence and Substitutes 2. Burden of Proof; 3. Proof via Evidence; 4. Substitutes for Admission of Evidence: Judicial Notice, Stipulations, Inferences, and Presumptions; Section 2. General Admissibility Tests 5. Relevancy and Materiality; 6. Competency of Evidence and Witnesses; Section 3. Evidence via Witness Testimony 7. Examination of Witnesses; 8. Privileges; 9. Opinions and Expert Testimony; 10. Hearsay Rule and Exceptions; 11. Documentary Evidence; 12. Real Evidence; 13. Results of Examinations and Tests; Section 4. Exclusion of Evidence on Constitutional Grounds 14. Evidence Unconstitutionally Obtained; PART II. Judicial Decisions Relating to Part I; Table of Cases in Part II; Cases Relating to Chapter 1; Cases Relating to Chapter 2; Cases Relating to Chapter 3; Cases Relating to Chapter 4; Cases Relating to Chapter 5; Cases Relating to Chapter 6; Cases Relating to Chapter 7; Cases Relating to Chapter 8; Cases Relating to Chapter 9; Cases Relating to Chapter 10; Cases Relating to Chapter 11; Cases Relating to Chapter 12; Cases Relating to Chapter 13; Cases Relating to Chapter 14; Appendix I: Federal Rules of Evidence; Index of Cases; Subject Index

Jefferson L. Ingram holds the rank of Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Dayton. He has a B.S. in secondary education, an M.A. in American history, and a Juris Doctor in law. He is a member of the Ohio Bar, the Florida Bar, the Bar of the federal courts for the Southern District of Ohio, and the Bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He is a co-author (with Jacqueline R. Kanovitz and Christopher J. Devine) of Constitutional Law for Criminal Justice, 15th Edition (2018) and has authored several books on criminal procedure.

• Preface; Acknowledgments; PART I. History and Approach to the Study of Evidence; 1. The Study of Evidence: History, Development, and Approach; Section 1. Proof by Evidence and Substitutes 2. Burden of Proof; 3. Proof via Evidence; 4. Substitutes for Admission of Evidence: Judicial Notice, Stipulations, Inferences, and Presumptions; Section 2. General Admissibility Tests 5. Relevancy and Materiality; 6. Competency of Evidence and Witnesses; Section 3. Evidence via Witness Testimony 7. Examination of Witnesses; 8. Privileges; 9. Opinions and Expert Testimony; 10. Hearsay Rule and Exceptions; 11. Documentary Evidence; 12. Real Evidence; 13. Results of Examinations and Tests; Section 4. Exclusion of Evidence on Constitutional Grounds 14. Evidence Unconstitutionally Obtained; PART II. Judicial Decisions Relating to Part I; Table of Cases in Part II; Cases Relating to Chapter 1; Cases Relating to Chapter 2; Cases Relating to Chapter 3; Cases Relating to Chapter 4; Cases Relating to Chapter 5; Cases Relating to Chapter 6; Cases Relating to Chapter 7; Cases Relating to Chapter 8; Cases Relating to Chapter 9; Cases Relating to Chapter 10; Cases Relating to Chapter 11; Cases Relating to Chapter 12; Cases Relating to Chapter 13; Cases Relating to Chapter 14; Appendix I: Federal Rules of Evidence; Index of Cases; Subject Index