Fabrice Jotterand is Professor of Bioethics and Medical Humanities, and Director of the Graduate Program in Bioethics at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, where he is also the Director of the Kern Philosophies of Medical Education Transformation Laboratory. In addition, he holds an appointment as Senior Researcher at the Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel. He is also the author of the recent book The Unfit Brain and the Limits of Moral Bioenhancement (Palgrave, 2022).Marcello Ienca is Assistant Professor of Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience at the School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) in Munich, Germany, and a research fellow at College of Humanities, Swiss Federal institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) in Lausanne, Switzerland. He is the co-editor of The Cambridge Handbook of Life Sciences, Information Technology and Human Rights (Cambridge UP, 2022).

• Introduction 1. Philosophical Advice for the Age of Human Enhancement 2. Spotlights on the History of Human Enhancement Discourse 3. To Be or Not to Be Enhanced? Just ask the Moon – in Posthuman Terms 4. Clones, Chimeras, and Organoids 5. A Thematic Overview of Debate on the Ethics of Radical Human Enhancement 6. Resurrecting the Body 7. Human Enhancement through the Lens of Sex Selection 8. Does Enhancement Violate Human "Nature"? 9. Authenticity in the Ethics of Human Enhancement 10. The Ethics of Genetic Enhancement 11. Germline Gene Editing with CRISPR 12. Framing Longevity Science and an "Aging Enhancement" 13. Christian Theology and the Ethical Ambiguities of Aging Attenuation 14. AI as IA 15. Clearing the Bottleneck of empirical data in the ethics of cognitive enhancement 16. Not Extended, but Enhanced 17. Is Enhancement with Brain-Computer Interfaces Ethical? Evidence in Favour of Symbiotic Augmentation 18. Anticipating the Future of Neurotechnological Enhancement 19. Moral Enhancement through Neurosurgery? ─ Feasibility and Ethical Justifiability 20. Transhumanism and Moral Enhancement 21. Protecting Future Generations by Enhancing Current Generations 22. What Kinds of Moral Bioenhancement are Desirable? What Kinds are Possible? 23. The Meaning of Enhancement in the Post COVID-19 World 24. Clinical Practice and Human Enhancement 25. Cyborgs and Designer Babies 26. Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancement 27. Cognitive Enhancement from a Legal Perspective 28. Enhancement and Hyperresponsibility 29. Human Flourishing or Injustice? Social, Political and Regulatory Implications of Cognitive Enhancement 30. Contemporary Bioethical and Legal Perspectives on Cognitive Enhancement

Fabrice Jotterand is Professor of Bioethics and Medical Humanities, and Director of the Graduate Program in Bioethics at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, where he is also the Director of the Kern Philosophies of Medical Education Transformation Laboratory. In addition, he holds an appointment as Senior Researcher at the Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel. He is also the author of the recent book The Unfit Brain and the Limits of Moral Bioenhancement (Palgrave, 2022).Marcello Ienca is Assistant Professor of Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience at the School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) in Munich, Germany, and a research fellow at College of Humanities, Swiss Federal institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) in Lausanne, Switzerland. He is the co-editor of The Cambridge Handbook of Life Sciences, Information Technology and Human Rights (Cambridge UP, 2022).

• Introduction 1. Philosophical Advice for the Age of Human Enhancement 2. Spotlights on the History of Human Enhancement Discourse 3. To Be or Not to Be Enhanced? Just ask the Moon – in Posthuman Terms 4. Clones, Chimeras, and Organoids 5. A Thematic Overview of Debate on the Ethics of Radical Human Enhancement 6. Resurrecting the Body 7. Human Enhancement through the Lens of Sex Selection 8. Does Enhancement Violate Human "Nature"? 9. Authenticity in the Ethics of Human Enhancement 10. The Ethics of Genetic Enhancement 11. Germline Gene Editing with CRISPR 12. Framing Longevity Science and an "Aging Enhancement" 13. Christian Theology and the Ethical Ambiguities of Aging Attenuation 14. AI as IA 15. Clearing the Bottleneck of empirical data in the ethics of cognitive enhancement 16. Not Extended, but Enhanced 17. Is Enhancement with Brain-Computer Interfaces Ethical? Evidence in Favour of Symbiotic Augmentation 18. Anticipating the Future of Neurotechnological Enhancement 19. Moral Enhancement through Neurosurgery? ─ Feasibility and Ethical Justifiability 20. Transhumanism and Moral Enhancement 21. Protecting Future Generations by Enhancing Current Generations 22. What Kinds of Moral Bioenhancement are Desirable? What Kinds are Possible? 23. The Meaning of Enhancement in the Post COVID-19 World 24. Clinical Practice and Human Enhancement 25. Cyborgs and Designer Babies 26. Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancement 27. Cognitive Enhancement from a Legal Perspective 28. Enhancement and Hyperresponsibility 29. Human Flourishing or Injustice? Social, Political and Regulatory Implications of Cognitive Enhancement 30. Contemporary Bioethical and Legal Perspectives on Cognitive Enhancement

Fabrice Jotterand is Professor of Bioethics and Medical Humanities, and Director of the Graduate Program in Bioethics at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, where he is also the Director of the Kern Philosophies of Medical Education Transformation Laboratory. In addition, he holds an appointment as Senior Researcher at the Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel. He is also the author of the recent book The Unfit Brain and the Limits of Moral Bioenhancement (Palgrave, 2022).Marcello Ienca is Assistant Professor of Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience at the School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) in Munich, Germany, and a research fellow at College of Humanities, Swiss Federal institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) in Lausanne, Switzerland. He is the co-editor of The Cambridge Handbook of Life Sciences, Information Technology and Human Rights (Cambridge UP, 2022).

• Introduction 1. Philosophical Advice for the Age of Human Enhancement 2. Spotlights on the History of Human Enhancement Discourse 3. To Be or Not to Be Enhanced? Just ask the Moon – in Posthuman Terms 4. Clones, Chimeras, and Organoids 5. A Thematic Overview of Debate on the Ethics of Radical Human Enhancement 6. Resurrecting the Body 7. Human Enhancement through the Lens of Sex Selection 8. Does Enhancement Violate Human "Nature"? 9. Authenticity in the Ethics of Human Enhancement 10. The Ethics of Genetic Enhancement 11. Germline Gene Editing with CRISPR 12. Framing Longevity Science and an "Aging Enhancement" 13. Christian Theology and the Ethical Ambiguities of Aging Attenuation 14. AI as IA 15. Clearing the Bottleneck of empirical data in the ethics of cognitive enhancement 16. Not Extended, but Enhanced 17. Is Enhancement with Brain-Computer Interfaces Ethical? Evidence in Favour of Symbiotic Augmentation 18. Anticipating the Future of Neurotechnological Enhancement 19. Moral Enhancement through Neurosurgery? ─ Feasibility and Ethical Justifiability 20. Transhumanism and Moral Enhancement 21. Protecting Future Generations by Enhancing Current Generations 22. What Kinds of Moral Bioenhancement are Desirable? What Kinds are Possible? 23. The Meaning of Enhancement in the Post COVID-19 World 24. Clinical Practice and Human Enhancement 25. Cyborgs and Designer Babies 26. Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancement 27. Cognitive Enhancement from a Legal Perspective 28. Enhancement and Hyperresponsibility 29. Human Flourishing or Injustice? Social, Political and Regulatory Implications of Cognitive Enhancement 30. Contemporary Bioethical and Legal Perspectives on Cognitive Enhancement