Every Place Matters

Andrew Beer is the Executive Dean, UniSA Business, University of South Australia. Fiona McKenzie is Principal Researcher, Land Use and Population Research, in the Victorian Government’s Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Australia.Jiří Blažek is an Associate Professor at the Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Charles University, Czech Republic.Markku Sotarauta is Professor of Regional Development in the Faculty of Management and Business at Tampere University, Finland. Sarah Ayres is Professor of Public Policy and Governance at the University of Bristol, UK.

"Cohesion policy targets all regions and cities in the EuropeanUnion in order to promote sustainable growth and jobcreation and improve the quality of life. It is the EU expressionof a place-based policy and the most important investmentpolicy in the EU budget. This Policy Expo examines a rangeof place-based policies throughout the world, emphasisesthe specific cities vis-à-vis spatially blind policies, and identifiesthe conditions for success. It is a major contribution to helppolicy makers and researchers in their design of programmesand policies. This book will provide benefits to all, in particularthose living in the regions most affected by economic, social,environmental and demographic change."Marc Lemaître, Director-General, DG Regional and UrbanPolicy, European Commission."Every place matters. Economic well-being and socialand political progress depend on making the most of thepotential of places. This Expo represents the ultimate guide todesigning and implementing better and more incisive placebasedpolicies for all, wherever you are in the world."Andrés Rodríguez-Pose, Professor of Economic Geography,London School of Economics.

• Preamble Authors Executive Summary Key Recommendations 1. What is Place-Based Policy? 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Defining place 1.3 Policy and place 1.4 Place-based versus spatially blind policies 1.5 Subjective aspects of place-based policy 1.6 Structure of the book 2. What are the Benefits of Place-Based Policy? 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Generating economic growth 2.2.1 Innovation and place-based policy 2.2.2 Universities and place-based policy 2.3 Creating better policy outcomes 2.4 Improving well-being 2.5 Responding to economic shocks and supporting transition 2.6 Addressing disadvantage 2.7 Conclusions 3. Requirements and Challenges of Place-Based Policy 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Governance 3.2.1 The governance of Smart Specialisation 3.3 Leadership 3.4 Policy Challenges 3.4.1 Faltering expectations 3.4.2 Vested interests 3.4.3 Lack of financial resources 3.4.4 Measuring success 3.5 Conclusions 4. Outcomes of Place-Based Policy: What Works and What Does Not? 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Place-based policies in response to an economic shock: the Latrobe Valley in Gippsland, Australia 4.3 Place-based policies for innovation and economic growth: Finland and Sweden 4.4 Placed-based innovation policies and the role of time frame and support by political leaders: South Moravia, Czechia 4.5 Place-based adaptation using collaborative governance: Nova Scotia, Canada 4.6 Place-based policy to address economic disadvantage: City of Iida, Nagano Prefecture, Japan 4.7 Conclusions 5. Conclusions: Questions Answered, Issues Remaining 5.1 How can governments and communities best deliver place-based policy? 5.2 What are the barriers to, and enablers of, the successful implementation of place-based policies? 5.3 What is the role of city or regional leadership in place-based policy, and what is the relationship with systems of governance? 5.4 Can we identify instances of the successful implementation of place-based policies? 5.5 What are the key lessons for policy-makers, the academiccommunity and major institutions seeking to enable place-based policy? 5.6 How can we build a community of practice around place-based policy in order to enable better social, economic and environmental outcomes? 5.7 Final observations Glossary