Yan Jin (Ph.D., University of Missouri) is the Georgia Athletic Association Professor and a Professor of Public Relations at the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia. Dr. Jin has authored more than 85 peer-reviewed journal articles and over 20 book chapters. She is co-editor of the Routledge book Social Media and Crisis Communication. In 2019, Dr. Jin received the Kitty O. Locker Outstanding Researcher Award from the Association for Business Communication, which recognizes her research excellence and contribution to the business communication discipline. She is a member of the Arthur W. Page Society.Bryan H. Reber (Ph.D., University of Missouri) is C. Richard Yarbrough Professor in Crisis Communication Leadership and Head of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations at the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia. Dr. Reber has published over 50 journal articles, book chapters and encyclopedia entries. He is co-author of the book, Gaining Influence in Public Relations: The Role of Resistance in Practice, and three top-selling public relations textbooks. Dr. Reber is a member of the Arthur W. Page Society and serves as Research Director of the Plank Center for Leadership in Public Relations.Glen J. Nowak (Ph.D., of Wisconsin-Madison) is a Professor of Advertising and Public Relations at the University of Georgia Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication and Director of its Center for Health and Risk Communication. Dr. Nowak spent 14 years at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including six years as the Communications Director for the National Immunization Program and six years as the agency’s Director of Media Relations.

• PART IOverview and Context 11 Complex and Challenging Crises: A Call for Solutions 3BRYAN H. REBER, C. RICHARD YARBROUGH, GLEN NOWAK, AND YAN JIN2 The Evolving Complexity of Crisis Issues: The Role of Crisis History 17LASHONDA L. EADDY AND SHELLEY SPECTORPART IIMost Challenging Organizational Crises 333 Corporate Crises: Sticky Crises and Corporations 35W. T IMOTHY COOMBS, SHERRY J. HOLLADAY, AND RICK WHITE4 Connected in Crisis: How Nonprofit Organizations Can Respond and Refocus 52HILARY FUSSELL SISCO AND MARK MCMULLEN5 Media Relations for Government/Public Affairs Crises: Ethical and Unethical Components of Scandal and Spin 63DAVID E. CLEMENTSON, JOSEPH WATSON JR., AND MICHAEL GREENWELLPART IIIMost Challenging Public Crises 776 A Promising but Difficult Domain: Complex Health-related Crises and Academic-Professional Collaboration 79GLEN NOWAK AND MICHAEL GREENWELL7 Disaster and Emergency Crisis Management Communication 92ROBERT L. HEATH, J. SUZANNE HORSLEY, GREG GUEST, AND CHRIS GLAZIERPART IVCrises Amplified by Media and Aggravated by Misinformation 1118 Managing Misinformation and Conflicting Information: A Framework for Understanding Misinformation and Rumor 113LUCINDA AUSTIN, TONI G.L.A. VAN DER MEER, YEN-I LEE, AND JIM SPANGLER9 Technology and Social Media: Challenges and Opportunities for Effective Crisis and Risk Communication 130DEANNA D. SELLNOW, LUCINDA AUSTIN, AND CIRO DIAS REIS10 Law and (Lack of) Order in Complex Crises 149JOSEPH WATSON, JR., JAMES D. FIRTH, AND JONATHAN PETERSPART VWhat Can Crisis Theories Do (Better) for Practice? 16311 Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) and Application in Dealing with Complex, Challenging, and Recurring Crises 165W. T IMOTHY COOMBS, SHERRY J. HOLLADAY, AND KAREN L. WHITE12 Managing Complexity: Insights from the Contingency Theory of Strategic Conflict Management 181YAN JIN, AUGUSTINE PANG, GLEN T. CAMERON, SUNGSU KIM, AND LEONARD (LEN) A. PAGANO, JR.13 Calming Giants in the Earth: The Internalization, Distribution, Explanation, and Action (IDEA) Model as Strategic Communication in Crises with Competing Narratives 198TIMOTHY L. SELLNOW, DEANNA D. SELLNOW, AND CIRO DIAS REIS14 The Social-Mediated Crisis Communication (SMCC) Model: Identifying the Next Frontier 214BROOKE FISHER LIU, YAN JIN, LUCINDA AUSTIN, ERICA KULIGOWSKI, AND CAMILA ESPINA YOUNGPART VILooking Ahead and Trekking Forward Together 23115 The Future of Collaborative Crisis Research 233YAN JIN, MATTHEW O’CONNOR, BRYAN H. REBER, AND GLEN NOWAK

Yan Jin (Ph.D., University of Missouri) is the Georgia Athletic Association Professor and a Professor of Public Relations at the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia. Dr. Jin has authored more than 85 peer-reviewed journal articles and over 20 book chapters. She is co-editor of the Routledge book Social Media and Crisis Communication. In 2019, Dr. Jin received the Kitty O. Locker Outstanding Researcher Award from the Association for Business Communication, which recognizes her research excellence and contribution to the business communication discipline. She is a member of the Arthur W. Page Society.Bryan H. Reber (Ph.D., University of Missouri) is C. Richard Yarbrough Professor in Crisis Communication Leadership and Head of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations at the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia. Dr. Reber has published over 50 journal articles, book chapters and encyclopedia entries. He is co-author of the book, Gaining Influence in Public Relations: The Role of Resistance in Practice, and three top-selling public relations textbooks. Dr. Reber is a member of the Arthur W. Page Society and serves as Research Director of the Plank Center for Leadership in Public Relations.Glen J. Nowak (Ph.D., of Wisconsin-Madison) is a Professor of Advertising and Public Relations at the University of Georgia Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication and Director of its Center for Health and Risk Communication. Dr. Nowak spent 14 years at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including six years as the Communications Director for the National Immunization Program and six years as the agency’s Director of Media Relations.

• PART IOverview and Context 11 Complex and Challenging Crises: A Call for Solutions 3BRYAN H. REBER, C. RICHARD YARBROUGH, GLEN NOWAK, AND YAN JIN2 The Evolving Complexity of Crisis Issues: The Role of Crisis History 17LASHONDA L. EADDY AND SHELLEY SPECTORPART IIMost Challenging Organizational Crises 333 Corporate Crises: Sticky Crises and Corporations 35W. T IMOTHY COOMBS, SHERRY J. HOLLADAY, AND RICK WHITE4 Connected in Crisis: How Nonprofit Organizations Can Respond and Refocus 52HILARY FUSSELL SISCO AND MARK MCMULLEN5 Media Relations for Government/Public Affairs Crises: Ethical and Unethical Components of Scandal and Spin 63DAVID E. CLEMENTSON, JOSEPH WATSON JR., AND MICHAEL GREENWELLPART IIIMost Challenging Public Crises 776 A Promising but Difficult Domain: Complex Health-related Crises and Academic-Professional Collaboration 79GLEN NOWAK AND MICHAEL GREENWELL7 Disaster and Emergency Crisis Management Communication 92ROBERT L. HEATH, J. SUZANNE HORSLEY, GREG GUEST, AND CHRIS GLAZIERPART IVCrises Amplified by Media and Aggravated by Misinformation 1118 Managing Misinformation and Conflicting Information: A Framework for Understanding Misinformation and Rumor 113LUCINDA AUSTIN, TONI G.L.A. VAN DER MEER, YEN-I LEE, AND JIM SPANGLER9 Technology and Social Media: Challenges and Opportunities for Effective Crisis and Risk Communication 130DEANNA D. SELLNOW, LUCINDA AUSTIN, AND CIRO DIAS REIS10 Law and (Lack of) Order in Complex Crises 149JOSEPH WATSON, JR., JAMES D. FIRTH, AND JONATHAN PETERSPART VWhat Can Crisis Theories Do (Better) for Practice? 16311 Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) and Application in Dealing with Complex, Challenging, and Recurring Crises 165W. T IMOTHY COOMBS, SHERRY J. HOLLADAY, AND KAREN L. WHITE12 Managing Complexity: Insights from the Contingency Theory of Strategic Conflict Management 181YAN JIN, AUGUSTINE PANG, GLEN T. CAMERON, SUNGSU KIM, AND LEONARD (LEN) A. PAGANO, JR.13 Calming Giants in the Earth: The Internalization, Distribution, Explanation, and Action (IDEA) Model as Strategic Communication in Crises with Competing Narratives 198TIMOTHY L. SELLNOW, DEANNA D. SELLNOW, AND CIRO DIAS REIS14 The Social-Mediated Crisis Communication (SMCC) Model: Identifying the Next Frontier 214BROOKE FISHER LIU, YAN JIN, LUCINDA AUSTIN, ERICA KULIGOWSKI, AND CAMILA ESPINA YOUNGPART VILooking Ahead and Trekking Forward Together 23115 The Future of Collaborative Crisis Research 233YAN JIN, MATTHEW O’CONNOR, BRYAN H. REBER, AND GLEN NOWAK

Yan Jin (Ph.D., University of Missouri) is the Georgia Athletic Association Professor and a Professor of Public Relations at the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia. Dr. Jin has authored more than 85 peer-reviewed journal articles and over 20 book chapters. She is co-editor of the Routledge book Social Media and Crisis Communication. In 2019, Dr. Jin received the Kitty O. Locker Outstanding Researcher Award from the Association for Business Communication, which recognizes her research excellence and contribution to the business communication discipline. She is a member of the Arthur W. Page Society.Bryan H. Reber (Ph.D., University of Missouri) is C. Richard Yarbrough Professor in Crisis Communication Leadership and Head of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations at the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia. Dr. Reber has published over 50 journal articles, book chapters and encyclopedia entries. He is co-author of the book, Gaining Influence in Public Relations: The Role of Resistance in Practice, and three top-selling public relations textbooks. Dr. Reber is a member of the Arthur W. Page Society and serves as Research Director of the Plank Center for Leadership in Public Relations.Glen J. Nowak (Ph.D., of Wisconsin-Madison) is a Professor of Advertising and Public Relations at the University of Georgia Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication and Director of its Center for Health and Risk Communication. Dr. Nowak spent 14 years at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including six years as the Communications Director for the National Immunization Program and six years as the agency’s Director of Media Relations.

• PART IOverview and Context 11 Complex and Challenging Crises: A Call for Solutions 3BRYAN H. REBER, C. RICHARD YARBROUGH, GLEN NOWAK, AND YAN JIN2 The Evolving Complexity of Crisis Issues: The Role of Crisis History 17LASHONDA L. EADDY AND SHELLEY SPECTORPART IIMost Challenging Organizational Crises 333 Corporate Crises: Sticky Crises and Corporations 35W. T IMOTHY COOMBS, SHERRY J. HOLLADAY, AND RICK WHITE4 Connected in Crisis: How Nonprofit Organizations Can Respond and Refocus 52HILARY FUSSELL SISCO AND MARK MCMULLEN5 Media Relations for Government/Public Affairs Crises: Ethical and Unethical Components of Scandal and Spin 63DAVID E. CLEMENTSON, JOSEPH WATSON JR., AND MICHAEL GREENWELLPART IIIMost Challenging Public Crises 776 A Promising but Difficult Domain: Complex Health-related Crises and Academic-Professional Collaboration 79GLEN NOWAK AND MICHAEL GREENWELL7 Disaster and Emergency Crisis Management Communication 92ROBERT L. HEATH, J. SUZANNE HORSLEY, GREG GUEST, AND CHRIS GLAZIERPART IVCrises Amplified by Media and Aggravated by Misinformation 1118 Managing Misinformation and Conflicting Information: A Framework for Understanding Misinformation and Rumor 113LUCINDA AUSTIN, TONI G.L.A. VAN DER MEER, YEN-I LEE, AND JIM SPANGLER9 Technology and Social Media: Challenges and Opportunities for Effective Crisis and Risk Communication 130DEANNA D. SELLNOW, LUCINDA AUSTIN, AND CIRO DIAS REIS10 Law and (Lack of) Order in Complex Crises 149JOSEPH WATSON, JR., JAMES D. FIRTH, AND JONATHAN PETERSPART VWhat Can Crisis Theories Do (Better) for Practice? 16311 Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) and Application in Dealing with Complex, Challenging, and Recurring Crises 165W. T IMOTHY COOMBS, SHERRY J. HOLLADAY, AND KAREN L. WHITE12 Managing Complexity: Insights from the Contingency Theory of Strategic Conflict Management 181YAN JIN, AUGUSTINE PANG, GLEN T. CAMERON, SUNGSU KIM, AND LEONARD (LEN) A. PAGANO, JR.13 Calming Giants in the Earth: The Internalization, Distribution, Explanation, and Action (IDEA) Model as Strategic Communication in Crises with Competing Narratives 198TIMOTHY L. SELLNOW, DEANNA D. SELLNOW, AND CIRO DIAS REIS14 The Social-Mediated Crisis Communication (SMCC) Model: Identifying the Next Frontier 214BROOKE FISHER LIU, YAN JIN, LUCINDA AUSTIN, ERICA KULIGOWSKI, AND CAMILA ESPINA YOUNGPART VILooking Ahead and Trekking Forward Together 23115 The Future of Collaborative Crisis Research 233YAN JIN, MATTHEW O’CONNOR, BRYAN H. REBER, AND GLEN NOWAK