This work explains the causes of social policy reform in Chile and Uruguay in the areas of health care, pensions and education. Until the 1970s, Chile and Uruguay shared striking similarities.
Chapter 1. Introduction. Research Problem, Theory and Methods 1.1 Research Problem 1.2 Relevance of the Cases and Topic 1.3 Leading Comparative Theories on the Welfare State 1.4 Hypotheses and Theoretical Model 1.5 Methodology 1.6 Organization of this Dissertation Chapter 2. The Politics of Retrenchment: The Quandaries of Social Protection Under Military Rule in Chile, 1973-1990 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Soical Policy Retrenchment under Military Rule 2.3 Concentrating Power and Displacing Veto Players 2.4 Ideology of the Policy-Makers: National Security, Gremialismo, and Monetarism 2.5 Final Remarks Chapter 3. The Uruguayan Social Policy Continuity Under Military Rule, 1973-1985 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Social Policy Change During Military Rule 3.3 Dispersion of Power and the Absence of Veto Players 3.4 Ideological Positions of Policy-Makers: The Preminence of Statism 3.5 Final Remarks Chapter 4. Contrasting Social Policy Outcomes: The Case of Uruguay, 1985-1998 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Social Policy Change and Continuity since Re-Democratization 4.3 Dispersion of Power and Multiple Veto Players 4.4 Ideology and Social Policy Change 4.5 Final Remarks Chapter 5. The Unchallenged System: Social Policy Continuity in Democratic Chile, 1990-1998 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Social Policy after the Re-Installation of Democracy 5.3 Dispersion of Power and the Weakness of Veto Players 5.4 Ideological Positions of Policy-Makers: the Continuity of Market-Oriented Ideas 5.5 Final Remarks Chapter 6. Conclusions 6.1 Main Findings and Contributions 6.2 The Road Ahead: Alternative Explanations and Avenues for New Research 6.3 Final Remarks References
