Liz Wells, curator and writer, is Professor in Photographic Culture, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Plymouth, UK. She edited Photography: A Critical Introduction (2015, 5th ed.) and co-edits photographies. Publications on landscape include Land Matters: Landscape Photography, Culture and Identity (2011). She is series editor for Photography, Place, Environment.

‘A valuable and accessible resource … an outstanding aid for photography students and enthusiasts … highly recommended.’ - Media International Australia inc Culture & Policy

• ContentsList of IllustrationsNotes on contributorsAcknowledgementsGeneral IntroductionPART ONE Reflections on Photography Introduction1 Roland Barthes Extracts from Camera Lucida 2 Marjorie PerloffWhat Has Occurred Only Once: Barthes's Winter Garden/Boltanski’s Archives of the Dead 3 Walter Benjamin Extracts from The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction 4 W. J. T. Mitchell Benjamin and the Political Economy of the Photograph 5 Siegfried Kracauer Photography 6 André Bazin The Ontology of the Photographic Image 7 Susan Sontag Photography within the Humanities 8 Wright Morris In Our Image PART TWO Photographic Seeing Introduction 9 Hubert Damisch Five Notes for a Phenomenology of the Photographic Image 10 Osip Brik What the Eye does not See 11 László Moholy-Nagy A New Instrument of Vision 12 Tina Modotti Manifesto by Tina Modotti "Sobre la Fotografía" (On Photography)13 John Szarkowski Introduction to The Photographer's Eye 14 Edward Weston Seeing Photographically PART THREE Meaning and InterpretationIntroduction15 Roland Barthes Rhetoric of the Image 16 Umberto Eco A Photograph 17 Victor Burgin Looking at Photographs 18 Ian Walker Through the Picture Plane: On Looking into Photographs 19 Estelle Jussim The Eternal Moment: Photography and Time 20 Elizabeth Edwards Objects of Affect: Photography Beyond the Image 21 Christian Metz Photography and Fetish 22 Peter Wollen Fire and Ice PART FOURArt PhotographyIntroduction23 Abigail Solomon-GodeauPhotography After Art Photography 24 Rosalind Krauss Photography’s Discursive Spaces: Landscape/View25 Andy Grundberg, The Crisis of the Real: Photography and Postmodernism 26 Steve Edwards Snapshooters of History: passages on the postmodern argument 27 Lucy Soutter Why Art Photography? 28 Victor Burgin Conversation with Hilde Van Gelder PART FIVEDocumentary Introduction 29 John Tagg Evidence, Truth and Order: Photographic Records and the Growth of the State 30 Darren NewburyPhotography and the Visualisation of Working Class Lives in Britain 31 Martha RoslerIn, Around, and Afterthoughts (On Documentary Photography) 32 Lisa Henderson Access and Consent in Public Photography 33 Sarah Kember ‘The shadow of the object’: photography and realism 34 Hilde Van Gelder and Jan Baetens Introduction: A Note on Critical Realism Today 35 Lynn Berger The Authentic Amateur and the Democracy of Collecting Photographs 36 Edmundo DesnoesCuba Made Me So PART SIXPhotomedia Introduction 37 David Bate, Sarah Kember, Martin Lister and Liz Wells Editorial Statement 38 Geoffrey Batchen Photogenics 39 Daniel Palmer Redundancy in Photography 40 Lev Manovich The Paradoxes of Digital Photography 41 Fred Ritchin Extracts from Of Pixels and Paradox 42 Martin Lister Introduction from The Photographic Image in Digital Culture 43 Matthew BiroFrom Analogue to Digital Photography: Bernd and Hilla Becher and Andreas Gursky 44 Steven Skopik Digital Photography: Truth, Meaning, Aesthetics Index

Liz Wells, curator and writer, is Professor in Photographic Culture, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Plymouth, UK. She edited Photography: A Critical Introduction (2015, 5th ed.) and co-edits photographies. Publications on landscape include Land Matters: Landscape Photography, Culture and Identity (2011). She is series editor for Photography, Place, Environment.

‘A valuable and accessible resource … an outstanding aid for photography students and enthusiasts … highly recommended.’ - Media International Australia inc Culture & Policy

• ContentsList of IllustrationsNotes on contributorsAcknowledgementsGeneral IntroductionPART ONE Reflections on Photography Introduction1 Roland Barthes Extracts from Camera Lucida 2 Marjorie PerloffWhat Has Occurred Only Once: Barthes's Winter Garden/Boltanski’s Archives of the Dead 3 Walter Benjamin Extracts from The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction 4 W. J. T. Mitchell Benjamin and the Political Economy of the Photograph 5 Siegfried Kracauer Photography 6 André Bazin The Ontology of the Photographic Image 7 Susan Sontag Photography within the Humanities 8 Wright Morris In Our Image PART TWO Photographic Seeing Introduction 9 Hubert Damisch Five Notes for a Phenomenology of the Photographic Image 10 Osip Brik What the Eye does not See 11 László Moholy-Nagy A New Instrument of Vision 12 Tina Modotti Manifesto by Tina Modotti "Sobre la Fotografía" (On Photography)13 John Szarkowski Introduction to The Photographer's Eye 14 Edward Weston Seeing Photographically PART THREE Meaning and InterpretationIntroduction15 Roland Barthes Rhetoric of the Image 16 Umberto Eco A Photograph 17 Victor Burgin Looking at Photographs 18 Ian Walker Through the Picture Plane: On Looking into Photographs 19 Estelle Jussim The Eternal Moment: Photography and Time 20 Elizabeth Edwards Objects of Affect: Photography Beyond the Image 21 Christian Metz Photography and Fetish 22 Peter Wollen Fire and Ice PART FOURArt PhotographyIntroduction23 Abigail Solomon-GodeauPhotography After Art Photography 24 Rosalind Krauss Photography’s Discursive Spaces: Landscape/View25 Andy Grundberg, The Crisis of the Real: Photography and Postmodernism 26 Steve Edwards Snapshooters of History: passages on the postmodern argument 27 Lucy Soutter Why Art Photography? 28 Victor Burgin Conversation with Hilde Van Gelder PART FIVEDocumentary Introduction 29 John Tagg Evidence, Truth and Order: Photographic Records and the Growth of the State 30 Darren NewburyPhotography and the Visualisation of Working Class Lives in Britain 31 Martha RoslerIn, Around, and Afterthoughts (On Documentary Photography) 32 Lisa Henderson Access and Consent in Public Photography 33 Sarah Kember ‘The shadow of the object’: photography and realism 34 Hilde Van Gelder and Jan Baetens Introduction: A Note on Critical Realism Today 35 Lynn Berger The Authentic Amateur and the Democracy of Collecting Photographs 36 Edmundo DesnoesCuba Made Me So PART SIXPhotomedia Introduction 37 David Bate, Sarah Kember, Martin Lister and Liz Wells Editorial Statement 38 Geoffrey Batchen Photogenics 39 Daniel Palmer Redundancy in Photography 40 Lev Manovich The Paradoxes of Digital Photography 41 Fred Ritchin Extracts from Of Pixels and Paradox 42 Martin Lister Introduction from The Photographic Image in Digital Culture 43 Matthew BiroFrom Analogue to Digital Photography: Bernd and Hilla Becher and Andreas Gursky 44 Steven Skopik Digital Photography: Truth, Meaning, Aesthetics Index

Liz Wells, curator and writer, is Professor in Photographic Culture, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Plymouth, UK. She edited Photography: A Critical Introduction (2015, 5th ed.) and co-edits photographies. Publications on landscape include Land Matters: Landscape Photography, Culture and Identity (2011). She is series editor for Photography, Place, Environment.

‘A valuable and accessible resource … an outstanding aid for photography students and enthusiasts … highly recommended.’ - Media International Australia inc Culture & Policy

• ContentsList of IllustrationsNotes on contributorsAcknowledgementsGeneral IntroductionPART ONE Reflections on Photography Introduction1 Roland Barthes Extracts from Camera Lucida 2 Marjorie PerloffWhat Has Occurred Only Once: Barthes's Winter Garden/Boltanski’s Archives of the Dead 3 Walter Benjamin Extracts from The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction 4 W. J. T. Mitchell Benjamin and the Political Economy of the Photograph 5 Siegfried Kracauer Photography 6 André Bazin The Ontology of the Photographic Image 7 Susan Sontag Photography within the Humanities 8 Wright Morris In Our Image PART TWO Photographic Seeing Introduction 9 Hubert Damisch Five Notes for a Phenomenology of the Photographic Image 10 Osip Brik What the Eye does not See 11 László Moholy-Nagy A New Instrument of Vision 12 Tina Modotti Manifesto by Tina Modotti "Sobre la Fotografía" (On Photography)13 John Szarkowski Introduction to The Photographer's Eye 14 Edward Weston Seeing Photographically PART THREE Meaning and InterpretationIntroduction15 Roland Barthes Rhetoric of the Image 16 Umberto Eco A Photograph 17 Victor Burgin Looking at Photographs 18 Ian Walker Through the Picture Plane: On Looking into Photographs 19 Estelle Jussim The Eternal Moment: Photography and Time 20 Elizabeth Edwards Objects of Affect: Photography Beyond the Image 21 Christian Metz Photography and Fetish 22 Peter Wollen Fire and Ice PART FOURArt PhotographyIntroduction23 Abigail Solomon-GodeauPhotography After Art Photography 24 Rosalind Krauss Photography’s Discursive Spaces: Landscape/View25 Andy Grundberg, The Crisis of the Real: Photography and Postmodernism 26 Steve Edwards Snapshooters of History: passages on the postmodern argument 27 Lucy Soutter Why Art Photography? 28 Victor Burgin Conversation with Hilde Van Gelder PART FIVEDocumentary Introduction 29 John Tagg Evidence, Truth and Order: Photographic Records and the Growth of the State 30 Darren NewburyPhotography and the Visualisation of Working Class Lives in Britain 31 Martha RoslerIn, Around, and Afterthoughts (On Documentary Photography) 32 Lisa Henderson Access and Consent in Public Photography 33 Sarah Kember ‘The shadow of the object’: photography and realism 34 Hilde Van Gelder and Jan Baetens Introduction: A Note on Critical Realism Today 35 Lynn Berger The Authentic Amateur and the Democracy of Collecting Photographs 36 Edmundo DesnoesCuba Made Me So PART SIXPhotomedia Introduction 37 David Bate, Sarah Kember, Martin Lister and Liz Wells Editorial Statement 38 Geoffrey Batchen Photogenics 39 Daniel Palmer Redundancy in Photography 40 Lev Manovich The Paradoxes of Digital Photography 41 Fred Ritchin Extracts from Of Pixels and Paradox 42 Martin Lister Introduction from The Photographic Image in Digital Culture 43 Matthew BiroFrom Analogue to Digital Photography: Bernd and Hilla Becher and Andreas Gursky 44 Steven Skopik Digital Photography: Truth, Meaning, Aesthetics Index