Handbook of Robotic Surgery

Stênio de Cássio Zequi is chairman of the Urologic Department and the Referral Center for Urological Tumors, and coordinator of theRobotic Surgery Program at Center at A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, in São Paulo, Brazil.He has experience in Urological Surgery and Urology Oncology, Robotics, and HIFU, and is interested in research into prognostic factorsand epidemiological factors in urologic cancer. Dr. Zequi is an editorial board member of leading scientific journals and associations such asthe KCA Journal (Kidney Cancer Journal), and is an Associate Editor of the International Brazilian Journal of Urology. He is a member of theAUA-American Urological Association, SIU- Société Internationale D’ Urologie, and the Brazilian Society of Urology. He is a peer reviewerof international medical journals and a member of the American Urological Association (AUA), Endourological Society, and Director of theBrazilian Society of Urology, as well as an author of scientific publications and book chapters or editions. Zequi is an associate professor ofsurgery-urology at the Medicine School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, and is a tutor at the Graduate Schools ofAntonio Prudente Foundation (A.C.Camargo Cancer Center) and at Escola Paulista de Medicina-Division of Urology, Department of Surgery,Federal University of São Paulo. Hongliang Ren is an associate professor at the Electronic Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong and adjunct associate professor at the Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore. He served as an associate editor for IEEE Transactions on Automation Science & Engineering (T-ASE) and Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing (MBEC). He has navigated his academic journey through the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Johns Hopkins University, Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Children’s National Medical Center, United States, and the National University of Singapore. He is currently Associate Professor, Department of Electronic Engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering at the National University of Singapore. His areas of interest include biorobotics, intelligent control, medical mechatronics, soft continuum robots, soft sensors, and multisensory learning in medical robotics.

• VídeosStênio de Cássio Zequi Sr. and Hongliang RenAcknowledgementsStênio de Cássio Zequi Sr. and Hongliang RenPrefaceStênio de Cássio Zequi Sr. and Hongliang RenForeword 1Michael JewettForeword 2Ashutosh TewariPart I: Introduction, technology basics, evolution and next frontiers of surgical robots1. IntroductionStênio de Cássio Zequi Sr. and Hongliang Ren2. History of Robotic Surgery: Trends in Autonomy Levels and Enabling TechnologiesHongliang Ren and Stênio de Cássio Zequi Sr.3. Needle inserts into soft tissue: basic technical aspectsMingyue Lu, Ren Hongliang and Chwee Ming Lim4. Kinematics concepts: state of the artJiewen Lai, Bo Lu and Hongliang Ren5. Robotic manipulatorsZhang Tao and Hongliang Ren6. Haptics and surgical feedbacksWenchao Yue, Lailu Li and Hongliang Ren7. Robust Magnetic Tracking and Navigation in Robotic SurgerySu Shijian and Hongliang Ren8. 3D Reconstruction of Deformable Tissues in Robotic SurgeryLong Bai, Hongliang Ren, Mengya Xu, Beilei Cui, An Wang and Tiebing Tang9. Deep Reinforcement Learning in Surgical Robotics: Enhancing the Automation LevelCheng Qian and Hongliang Ren10. Ultrasound Guidance and Robotic Procedures: Actual and Future IntelligenceLei Zhao, Long Bai and Ren Hongliang11. Staplers in robotic surgeryJefferson Luiz Gross and João Paulo de Oliveira Medici12. Actual competitive and new models of surgical robotsDaniel Coser Gomes13. Enabling intelligent procedures: endoscopy dataset collection trends and pipelineYang Yang14. Pathway of robotic learning to perform autonomous sewingYunkai Lv, Hongliang Ren, Zhang Hao and Yan Huaicheng15. Telesurgery applications, current status, and future perspectives in technologies and ethics.Thiago Camelo Mourão, Marcio Covas Moschovas, Vipul Patel, Shady Saikali, Evan Patel and Mischa Dohler16. Robotic applications of Image guided therapiesTian Yu17. Artificial Intelligence to Understand Robotic Surgery ScenesLalithkumar Seenivasan18. Robotic for guided biopsy and ablative therapiesTaimur Shah and Mohammud Shakeel Inder19. The formation and the training of robotic surgeonsPier Avolio, Giovanni Lughezzani, Rafael Sanchez-Salas, Nicolò Maria Buffi, Paolo Casale, Maurice Anidjar, Simon Tanguay, Wassim Kassouf and Armen Aprikian20. Surgical training with simulators for robotic surgeryGonzalo Vitagliano and Maximiliano RingaPart II: Education, safety, ethical and administrative aspects for a successful robotic program21. Proctoring and teleproctoring in robotic surgeryAlexis Sanchez and Omaira Rodriguez22. Mentoring Leadership and conduction of a robotic surgery teamJose Gadu Campos Salcedo and Erick Alejandro Hernández Méndez23. Considerations for anesthesiology in robotic assisted surgeriesAshraf Habib and Hon Sen Tan24. Perioperative nursing care and patient positioning in robotic surgeryGisele Maia Jünger, Camila Mendonça de Moraes and Laís Gonçalves Tolentino25. Human operator factors affecting robotic surgeryCamila De Souza Hagui, Luiz Antônio Mondadori and Eduardo Henrique Giroud Joaquim26. Organizational level functions aiming the patient safetyAline Yuri Chibana27. Cleaning and sterilization of surgical robotic InstrumentsVanessa de Brito Poveda, Juliana Rizzo Gnatta and Giovana Abrahão de Araújo Moriya28. How the scrub nurses must prepare the robotic surgical instruments?Desrene M. Gibson and Alexis Sanchez29. Single port robotic surgery: concept, actual application and future limits: medical applicationsJihad Kaouk, Nicolas A. Soputro and Jaya Sai Susruth Chavali30. Complications of robotic surgery (related to patient positioning, or robot malfunctioning): causes and solutionsCamilo Andrés Giedelman Cuevas Sr., Rene Sotelo, Rafael Clavijo, Andres Barrios and Margarita Hidalgo Hidalgo31. Troubleshooting in robotic surgery and complications preventionRene Sotelo, Aref Sayegh, Omaira Rodriguez, Jaime Poncel and Valeria Celis32. Identifying patients related factors for surgical complicationsAntonio Caycedo, Joshua Karas, Andrew Kerner, Leanne M. Iorio and Romina Bianchi33. Robotic surgery after previous abdominal surgeriesPaulo Roberto Stevanato Stevanato Filho34. Basics of economic analysis of robotic surgery in its third decadeGustavo Cardoso Guimaraes35. The role of a clinical engineer in a robotic program: conceptualization, devices choice, hospital facilities preparation, technical assistanceLucio Flavio de Magalhaes Brito36. Certification and credentialing for robotic surgery in middle income countriesHeber Salvador de Castro Ribeiro and Alex Barbosa37. Robotic surgery advantages and disadvantagesDiego Abreu, Fernando Korkes and Alexandre Hidaka38. The Nursing Role in Ethics, Safety, privacy and legal aspects of robotic surgeryRita de Cássia Burgos de Oliveira, Yasmin Russo de Toledo Sr. and Cecilia da Silva AngeloPart III: The current and future clinical applications of robotic surgery among medical specialties39. Urology robotic surgery for kidney and upper tractSteve Lee Chang, José Ignacio Nolazco and Leonardo Oliveira Reis40. Urology robotic prostate surgeryAshutosh Tewari, Adriana Pedraza, Manish Kumar Choudhary, Asher Mandel and Vinayak Wagaskar41. Urology robotic bladder surgeryWalter Henriques da Costa, Mauricio Murce Rocha and Rafael Zanotti42. Urology robotic urinary diversionBruno Nahar, Archan Khandekar, Ankur Malpani and Tarek Ajami43. Urology pelvic lymphadenectomyStênio de Cássio Zequi Sr., Rafael Zanotti and Rodrigo Sousa Madeira Campos44. Urology robotic retroperitoneal surgeryStênio de Cássio Zequi Sr. and Rafael Zanotti45. Urology robotic inguinal lymphadenectomyMarcos Tobias Machado, IDVALDO SALAZAR MARTINS MESSIAS Sr., Rene Sotelo and Luis Guillermo Medina Navarro46. Urology: Female Robotic Reconstructive SurgeryHoward Brian Goldman and Paul J. Oh47. Robotics in Kidney Stone TreatmentCian L. Jacob, Lucas B. Vergamini, Wilson R. Molina and Bristol B. Whiles48. Head and neck and transoral robotic surgeryLuiz Paulo Kowalski, Renan Bezerra Lira and José Guilhereme Vartanian49. Robotic Neck lymph node dissectionsLuiz Paulo Kowalski and José Guilhereme Vartanian50. Otolaryngology: sleep apnea and benign diseases robotic surgerySong Tar Toh, Wei Li Neo and Chwee Ming Lim51. Robotic Cardiac SurgeryBurak Ersoy and Burak Onan52. Thoracic robotic surgeryElliot Servais, Ammara Watkins and Jennifer M. Pan53. Esophagus/foregut and pancreatic robotic surgeryFELIPE JOSE FERNANDEZ COIMBRA, REBECA NAHIME, SILVIO TORRES and Igor Farias54. Bariatric robotic surgeryShinil K. Shah, Erik Wilson, Francisco Guerra and Melissa Felinski55. Liver and biliary tract robotic surgeryIswanto Sucandy, Trenton Lippert, Alexander S. Rosemurgy II and Sharona Ross56. Lato sensu graduate program in robotic surgery for developing countriesArie Carneiro, Saulo Borborema Teles and Bianca Bianco57. General abdominal robotic surgery. Indications and contraindicationsFlavio Daniel Saavedra Tomasich, Luiz Carlos Von Bahten, Marcos Gomez Ruiz, Paulo Roberto Corsi and Sergio Roll58. Hernias and Abdominal Wall Robotic SurgeryEduardo Parra-Davila, Carlos Hartman and Abraham Betancourt59. Colorectal Robotic SurgerySamuel Aguiar Jr. and Tomas Mansur Miranda Marques60. Gynecologic robotic surgeryMario M. Leitao Jr. and Glauco Baiocchi61. Endometriosis and robotic surgeryRenato Moretti-Marques, Mariana Rossette, Gil Kamergorodsky, Sérgio Podgaec and Vanessa Alvarenga-Bezerra62. Breast robotic surgeryAntonio Toesca, Marina Sonagli, Giada Pozzi, Guglielmo Gazzetta and Fabiana Makdissi63. Pediatric robotic surgery for benign diseasesYoshiyuki Kojima, Kentaro Mizuno, Yutaro Hayashi, Hidenori Nishio, Junya Hata and Yuichi Sato64. Pediatric robotic surgery for malignanciesDaniel Goncalves DaJusta and Molly Elizabeth Fuchs65. Urology Robotic Kidney TransplantationRodrigo Martinez de Mello Vianna66. Abdominal organs robotic organs transplantation (except kidney)Giovanni Battista Levi Sandri67. Orthopaedic Joint and Hip Robotic SurgeryPedro Debieux, Camila Cohen Kaleka and Carlos Leonardo Malta Braga68. Spinal Robotic SurgeryRicardo Fontes69. Cranial Robotic neurosurgerySepehr Sani and Ryan Kelly70. Robotic MicrosurgeryJefferson Braga Silva, Leandro Totti Cavazzola and Catarina Busnello71. Robotic Plastic SurgeryMARCO Aurelio Moura de FARIA CORREA and Savitha Ramachandran72. Robotic Ophthalmologic SurgeryVagner Loduca Lima73. Certification and Credentialing for Robotic Surgery, A Developed Country Scenario: United StatesChandru P. Sundaram and Courtney Yong74. Fluorescence in Robotic SurgeryBruno Zilberstein, Miguel Prestes Nacul, Raphael Araujo, Rubens Sallum, Samuel Aguiar Jr. and Flavio Daniel Saavedra Tomasich75. Robotic EndoscopyEverson Artifon and Marcio Junior76. Energy sources and Vessel Sealers in Robotic SurgeryLuiz Carlos Von Bahten, Leonardo Emilio da Silva and Flavio Daniel Saavedra Tomasich77. Robotic Vascular SurgeryGuilherme Yazbek Sr., Nelson Wolosker and Andressa C. S. Louzada