James G. March is Professor of Organizational Theory, Emeritus, Graduate School of Business; Professor of International Economics, Emeritus; Professor of Political Science and Professor of Sociology, School of Humanities and Sciences; Professor of Education, School of Education - Stanford University.

• List of Figures vii Acknowledgments viiiIntroduction to the Second Edition 11 Organizational Behavior 201.1 The Significance of Organizations as Social Institutions 211.2 The Literature of Organization Theory 231.3 Organization of This Book 251.4 Some Types of Propositions 261.5 Some Psychological Postulates 282 "Classical" Organization Theory 312.1 Taylor's Scientific Management 312.2 Theories of Departmentalization 402.3 Operational and Empirical Problems of Classical Administrative Science 492.4 Conclusion 523 Motivational Constraints: Intraorganizational Decisions 533.1 Influence Processes 543.2 Theories of Bureaucracy 553.3 Satisfaction and Productivity 663.4 Motivation to Produce 713.5 Conclusion 1014 Motivational Constraints: The Decision to Participate 1034.1 The Theory of Organizational Equilibrium 1034.2 The Participants 1084.3 Employee Participation: The Participation Criterion 1104.4 Employee Participation: The General Model 1124.5 Factors Affecting the Perceived Desirability of Movement from the Organization 1134.6 Factors Affecting the Perceived Ease of Movement from the Organization 1194.7 Extension to Other Participants 1254.8 Opportunism and Organizational Survival 1284.9 Conclusion 1305 Conflict in Organizations 1325.1 Individual Conflict 1335.2 Organizational Conflict: Individual Conflict Within an Organization 1375.3 Organizational Conflict: Intergroup Conflict Within an Organization 1405.4 Organizational Reaction to Conflict 1495.5 Interorganizational Conflict 1525.6 Conclusion 1556 Cognitive Limits on Rationality 1576.1 The Concept of Rationality 1586.2 Performance Programs in Organizations 1636.3 Perception and Identifications 1726.4 The Division of Work 1796.5 Communication 1826.6 Organization Structure and the Boundaries of Rationality 1907 Planning and Innovation in Organizations 1937.1 The Concept of Initiation 1937.2 The Process of Innovation 1977.3 The Occasions of Innovation 2037.4 The Elaboration of Programs 2077.5 Organization Level and Innovation 2157.6 The Planning Process 2217.7 Conclusion 232Postscript 234Bibliography 236Numerical Index to Variables 276Index 281