Robert W. Ulery, Jr., is Professor of Classical Languages, Wake Forest University.

• Book IX (1509) * Maximilian returns to Trento * Many towns are retaken by Venice * Preparations of the Venetians for the defense of Padua and attacks on the enemy * Francesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua, is captured by the Venetians * Padua is attacked by Maximilian * Girolamo Savorgnan's achievements for the Republic * Maximilian abandons the attack on Padua * Decision by decree to destroy everything around Padua * Events in Dalmatia, Istria,and Friuli * Vicenza is taken by the Venetians * War is declared by the Senate and waged on Alfonso d'Este * The Republic's army is sent to Verona in vain * Many towns are retaken by Venice * Progress of the fleet sent against Alfonso d'Este * The Venetian fleet is crushed by Alfonso * A parent is punished for using his daughter as a concubine * A way to placate Pope Julius is found by the Senate Book X (1510) * Battle of Venetians with Maximilian's forces at the San Martino bridge * How satisfaction was given to the king of Hungary for payments * At the request of Adria, the Senate grants a magistrate and ships for their self-protection * Various sallies of Maximilian's forces from Verona; death of Niccolo Orsini * Exchange of prisoners with the French * Various battles and skirmishes between Alfonso d'Este and the Venetians, and also between the Venetians and Maximilian's forces around Verona * Julius receives the Venetian ambassadors and annuls the bull of excommunication * Ambassadors sent to make peace with Maximilian return unsuccessful * Laws passed for the purpose of collecting funds * Attack on Verona attempted in vain * Law excluding relatives of priests from the Senate in matters involving the pope repealed * Uncertainty of Julius' plans * Deliberations of the Senate concerning the selection of a captain-general * Invasion of the Republic's territory by the French * A new Fondaco de' Tedeschi is built * Vicenza is taken by the French along with many other towns; cruelty of the French toward those taking refuge in tunnels * Friuli invaded by the forces of Maximilian * Legnago is captured by the French * Death of the cardinal of Rouen * Treaty of Julius and the Venetians with the Swiss * Various sallies of Germans, Venetians, and French, and lesser battles; sedition of island of Lesina put down * Weapons from the Council's armory given to Renzo da Ceri * Death of Caterina Cornaro * Fleet sent to Julius against Genoa * Progress of the French army against the Venetians; King Ferdinand of Spain sends the white horse to Julius as tribute * Francesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua, is discharged by the Venetians * Monselice is taken by the French * Death of Giovanni Sforza; start of the war of Julius with Alfonso d'Este * Lucio Malvezzi is declared captain-general of the Republic's army; the Salt Office is reduced from six men to four * Julius' attempts against Genoa unsuccessful, and return of fleet to Civitavecchia * The king of Hungary declares war on Venice, but does not wage it * Julius' edict against Alfonso, and his abuse directed at the king of France * Venice and the pope again send a fleet to Genoa * Modena is taken by the pope * Plans of the Venetians for taking Brescia * Invasion of the Swiss into territory held by the French * Law passed concerning the magistrates who take care of the Republic in the Senate Book XI (1510-1511) * The Venetian fleet heads for Genoa with the pope's troops, encounters the French fleet, and returns unsuccessful * The pope makes his way to Bologna, and his war against Alfonso d Este * The Venetians attack Verona and lift the siege * The Venetian fleet, sent against Alfonso, is crushed * A second fleet is sent against the same, and actions taken on land between them * Defeat of the French near Montagnana * Francesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua, is named captain-general of the Venetian and papal armies * A law on electoral corruption is passed at Venice * Venetian sally into the Tesino district * The Venetian and papal armies are joined against Alfonso, and their achievements * The pope excommunicates the French * An army is again sent to Verona and retreats from there unsuccessful * Concordia is taken by the Venetians * A two-headed baby is born in Venice * French defeat at the Secchia river * Mirandola is taken by Julius * Julius cedes Modena to Maximilian * Alfonso routs Julius' army * Earthquake in Venice and on the mainland * Concordia is retaken by the French * Bologna is taken by the French and the Bentivoglio; the Venetians are crushed near Bologna by mountain bands * Cardinal Alidosi is slaughtered by Francesco Maria della Rovere * Julius' edict against Bologna * A Council is declared at Pisa, and the pope is summoned to it * Various battles in Friuli * Defeat of the Venetians near Verona * Treviso is fortified by wondrous artifice * Doge Loredan congratulates Bartolomeo da Mosto on his election as a senator Book XII (1511-1513) * Defeat suffered in Istria at the hands of Frangipane * Advances of the French and Germans in Friuli and elsewhere * Illness of Julius; Pesaro is handed over by Julius to Francesco Maria della Rovere * Destructive raids by the Germans from the Alps * Incursions of the French all the way to Lio Maggiore * Treaty of Venice with Julius and the king of England * The French and Germans besiege Treviso, and their departure * Law passed concerning the creation of a new magistracy for the Arsenale * Army sent to recover losses in Friuli, and its achievements * Vicenza returns to the dominion of the Republic * Julius strips of their cardinalate those who had convened the Council of Pisa * Pietro Balbo appointed to negotiate for Venetian merchants in Egypt * Fighting at Muggia in Istria and Cormons in Friuli * Maximilian's representatives negotiate for passage to Rome * Offer from the Swiss of aid against the French accepted * Skirmishes at Gradisca in Friuli * Brescia and Bergamo are taken by Venice * Various peace negotiations with Maximilian * Bologna, under siege by the papal and Spanish forces, is liberated by the French * Defeat of Venice at Villafranca * Brescia is conquered by the French * Twelve ambassadors of the Swiss come to the city * Truce between Maximilian and Venice * Battle of Ravenna * Opening of the Lateran Council * Ravenna is recovered by the pope with its fortress * The Swiss join the Venetian army, and their achievements * Bologna surrenders again to Julius * The French are driven from towns in Lombardy and Piedmont * Selim wrests the sultanate from his father Bayazid, and his embassy to Venice * Genoa is taken by Giano Fregoso * Alfonso d'Este is released from Julius' interdict, and flees from Rome * The Swiss are called by Julius "Defenders of the Church of Rome" * Julius' unsuccessful attempts against Alfonso * Return of the Medici to Florence; Julius excommunicates the king of France * Venice retakes Crema * Defeat of the French in Gascony * Venice renews her treaty with the sultan of Egypt * The viceroy of Naples seizes Brescia * Treaty of Julius with Maximilian, his alienation from Venice, and death * Election of Giovanni de' Medici as Pope Leo X

Robert W. Ulery, Jr., is Professor of Classical Languages, Wake Forest University.

• Book IX (1509) * Maximilian returns to Trento * Many towns are retaken by Venice * Preparations of the Venetians for the defense of Padua and attacks on the enemy * Francesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua, is captured by the Venetians * Padua is attacked by Maximilian * Girolamo Savorgnan's achievements for the Republic * Maximilian abandons the attack on Padua * Decision by decree to destroy everything around Padua * Events in Dalmatia, Istria,and Friuli * Vicenza is taken by the Venetians * War is declared by the Senate and waged on Alfonso d'Este * The Republic's army is sent to Verona in vain * Many towns are retaken by Venice * Progress of the fleet sent against Alfonso d'Este * The Venetian fleet is crushed by Alfonso * A parent is punished for using his daughter as a concubine * A way to placate Pope Julius is found by the Senate Book X (1510) * Battle of Venetians with Maximilian's forces at the San Martino bridge * How satisfaction was given to the king of Hungary for payments * At the request of Adria, the Senate grants a magistrate and ships for their self-protection * Various sallies of Maximilian's forces from Verona; death of Niccolo Orsini * Exchange of prisoners with the French * Various battles and skirmishes between Alfonso d'Este and the Venetians, and also between the Venetians and Maximilian's forces around Verona * Julius receives the Venetian ambassadors and annuls the bull of excommunication * Ambassadors sent to make peace with Maximilian return unsuccessful * Laws passed for the purpose of collecting funds * Attack on Verona attempted in vain * Law excluding relatives of priests from the Senate in matters involving the pope repealed * Uncertainty of Julius' plans * Deliberations of the Senate concerning the selection of a captain-general * Invasion of the Republic's territory by the French * A new Fondaco de' Tedeschi is built * Vicenza is taken by the French along with many other towns; cruelty of the French toward those taking refuge in tunnels * Friuli invaded by the forces of Maximilian * Legnago is captured by the French * Death of the cardinal of Rouen * Treaty of Julius and the Venetians with the Swiss * Various sallies of Germans, Venetians, and French, and lesser battles; sedition of island of Lesina put down * Weapons from the Council's armory given to Renzo da Ceri * Death of Caterina Cornaro * Fleet sent to Julius against Genoa * Progress of the French army against the Venetians; King Ferdinand of Spain sends the white horse to Julius as tribute * Francesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua, is discharged by the Venetians * Monselice is taken by the French * Death of Giovanni Sforza; start of the war of Julius with Alfonso d'Este * Lucio Malvezzi is declared captain-general of the Republic's army; the Salt Office is reduced from six men to four * Julius' attempts against Genoa unsuccessful, and return of fleet to Civitavecchia * The king of Hungary declares war on Venice, but does not wage it * Julius' edict against Alfonso, and his abuse directed at the king of France * Venice and the pope again send a fleet to Genoa * Modena is taken by the pope * Plans of the Venetians for taking Brescia * Invasion of the Swiss into territory held by the French * Law passed concerning the magistrates who take care of the Republic in the Senate Book XI (1510-1511) * The Venetian fleet heads for Genoa with the pope's troops, encounters the French fleet, and returns unsuccessful * The pope makes his way to Bologna, and his war against Alfonso d Este * The Venetians attack Verona and lift the siege * The Venetian fleet, sent against Alfonso, is crushed * A second fleet is sent against the same, and actions taken on land between them * Defeat of the French near Montagnana * Francesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua, is named captain-general of the Venetian and papal armies * A law on electoral corruption is passed at Venice * Venetian sally into the Tesino district * The Venetian and papal armies are joined against Alfonso, and their achievements * The pope excommunicates the French * An army is again sent to Verona and retreats from there unsuccessful * Concordia is taken by the Venetians * A two-headed baby is born in Venice * French defeat at the Secchia river * Mirandola is taken by Julius * Julius cedes Modena to Maximilian * Alfonso routs Julius' army * Earthquake in Venice and on the mainland * Concordia is retaken by the French * Bologna is taken by the French and the Bentivoglio; the Venetians are crushed near Bologna by mountain bands * Cardinal Alidosi is slaughtered by Francesco Maria della Rovere * Julius' edict against Bologna * A Council is declared at Pisa, and the pope is summoned to it * Various battles in Friuli * Defeat of the Venetians near Verona * Treviso is fortified by wondrous artifice * Doge Loredan congratulates Bartolomeo da Mosto on his election as a senator Book XII (1511-1513) * Defeat suffered in Istria at the hands of Frangipane * Advances of the French and Germans in Friuli and elsewhere * Illness of Julius; Pesaro is handed over by Julius to Francesco Maria della Rovere * Destructive raids by the Germans from the Alps * Incursions of the French all the way to Lio Maggiore * Treaty of Venice with Julius and the king of England * The French and Germans besiege Treviso, and their departure * Law passed concerning the creation of a new magistracy for the Arsenale * Army sent to recover losses in Friuli, and its achievements * Vicenza returns to the dominion of the Republic * Julius strips of their cardinalate those who had convened the Council of Pisa * Pietro Balbo appointed to negotiate for Venetian merchants in Egypt * Fighting at Muggia in Istria and Cormons in Friuli * Maximilian's representatives negotiate for passage to Rome * Offer from the Swiss of aid against the French accepted * Skirmishes at Gradisca in Friuli * Brescia and Bergamo are taken by Venice * Various peace negotiations with Maximilian * Bologna, under siege by the papal and Spanish forces, is liberated by the French * Defeat of Venice at Villafranca * Brescia is conquered by the French * Twelve ambassadors of the Swiss come to the city * Truce between Maximilian and Venice * Battle of Ravenna * Opening of the Lateran Council * Ravenna is recovered by the pope with its fortress * The Swiss join the Venetian army, and their achievements * Bologna surrenders again to Julius * The French are driven from towns in Lombardy and Piedmont * Selim wrests the sultanate from his father Bayazid, and his embassy to Venice * Genoa is taken by Giano Fregoso * Alfonso d'Este is released from Julius' interdict, and flees from Rome * The Swiss are called by Julius "Defenders of the Church of Rome" * Julius' unsuccessful attempts against Alfonso * Return of the Medici to Florence; Julius excommunicates the king of France * Venice retakes Crema * Defeat of the French in Gascony * Venice renews her treaty with the sultan of Egypt * The viceroy of Naples seizes Brescia * Treaty of Julius with Maximilian, his alienation from Venice, and death * Election of Giovanni de' Medici as Pope Leo X