Bridget Taylor is Research Officer at the Centre for Research into Elections and Social Trends (CREST) at Nuffield College, Oxford. Katarina Thomson is Research Director at Social and Community Planning Research and a member of the CREST team.

• Introduction, Bridget Taylor and Katarina Thomson; referendums, David Butler; the referendum campaigns, David McCrone and Bethan Lewis; the 1997 Welsh referendum vote, Richard Wyn Jones and Dafydd Trystan; the 1997 Scottish referendum vote, David McCrone and Paula Surridge; nationalism in Wales, Scotland and England, John Curtice; are referendums second order elections?, Anthony Heath and Bridget Taylor; why was 1997 different?, Geoffrey Evans and Dafydd Trystan; civil society in Wales and Scotland, Richard Wyn Jones and Lindsay Paterson; Welsh nationalism - the past and the future, Kenneth O. Morgan; conclusion, Bridget Taylor and Katarina Thomson; technical appendix.