Professor Watt's book is a fascinating and stimulating introduction to a subject which is too often ignored. It includes useful notes and references. -- Hakim Adi Professor Watt's book is a fascinating and stimulating introduction to a subject which is too often ignored. It includes useful notes and references.

• The Islamic presence in Europe; commerce and technology; Arab achievements in science and philosophy; reconquista and crusade; science and philosophy in Europe; Islam and European self-awareness.