William H. Swatos, Jr. is the executive director of the Association for the Sociology of Religion and the Religious Research Association.

Upper-level undergraduates and graduate students will have no difficulty grasping the meaning of the entries, most of which are uniformly clear, authoritative and to-the-point. Specialist scholars studying religion and society will enjoy comparing their own ideas with those of the contributors. And non-specialists will appreciate the opportunity to get quick answers to questions such as 'What is millenarianism?'. In other words, a wide variety of readers will benefit from consulting the encyclopedia, and every university library should aspire to owning a copy.

• 1 Abortion2 Acquiva, Sabino3 Adaptation4 Adolescence/Youth Culture5 Adventism6 Affective Commitment7 African American Religion8 Age9 Alcoholics Anonymous10 Alienation11 Allport, Gordon12 Alternation13 American Academy of Religion14 American Catholic Sociological Society15 American Psychological Association, Section on the Psychology of Religion16 American Religion17 American Sociological Association, Section on the Sociology of Religion18 Amish19 Ammerman, Nancy T.20 Anabaptists21 Ancestor Worship22 Animism23 Anomie24 Anthropology of Religion25 Anticult Movement26 Apocalypticism27 Apostasy and Defection28 Appalachia29 Apparition30 Archives de Science Sociales des Religions31 Asceticism32 Asian Religion33 Association for the Social Scientific Study or Jewry34 Association for the Sociology of Religion35 Astrology36 Atheism37 Attitudes38 Attribution Theory39 Authoritarianism40 Baha'i41 Baptists42 Barker, Eileen43 Barrett, Donald N.44 Batson, C. Daniel45 Becker, Ernst46 Beckford, James A.47 Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin48 Beliefs49 Bellah, Robert N.50 Belonging51 Bendix, Richard52 Berger, Peter L.53 Bergson, Henri54 Bibby, Reginald55 Biblical Studies56 Blizzard, Samuel57 Bogardus, Emory58 Book of Mormon59 Bourdieu, Pierre60 Bourg, Carroll J.61 Brainwashing62 Brewer, Earl D.C.63 Bricolage64 Bromley, David G.65 Brophy, Mary Ligouri66 Brunner, Edmund S. de67 Buber, Martin68 Buddhism69 Burhoe, Ralph70 Calvinism71 Campbell, Joseph72 Campicje, Ronald J.73 Canadian Study of Religion74 Capps, Gordon75 Cargo Cults76 Carribbean Religions77 Carroll, Jackson78 Casuistry79 Chalfant, H. Paul80 Change Movements81 Change82 Chanting83 Charisma84 Charismatic Movement85 Christian Right86 Christian School Movement87 Christian Science88 Christian Social Thought89 Christian Sociology90 Christianity91 Church-Sect Theory92 Church-State Relations (U.S.)93 Cipriani, Roberto94 Civil Disobedience95 Civil Religion96 Civil Rights97 Clark, Walter Houston98 Clemens, Alphonse99 Clergy100 Cognitive Dissonance101 Cognitive Models102 Commitment103 Communal Groups/ Religious Community104 Communal Involvement105 Communitarianism106 Community107 Community Organization108 Compassion109 Compensators110 Conflict111 Confucianism112 Congregationalism113 Conscience114 Contemporary Jewry115 Contigency116 Contributors117 Conversion118 Crimes119 Cult120 Curtis, Jack H.121 D'Antonio, William V.122 Dashefsky, Arnold123 Davidson, James D.124 Death and Dying125 Decision Making126 Deferred Gratification127 Definition of Religion128 Demerath, N. Jay III129 Democracy130 Demythologizing131 Denomination132 Deprivation Theory133 Desroche, Henri134 Deviance135 Dialectics136 Disciples of Christ137 Disenchantment138 Dittes, James E.139 Divine Light Mission140 Dobbelaere, Karel141 Dogmatism142 Donovan, John D.143 Dommsday Cult144 Douglas, Mary145 Douglass, H. Paul146 Drugs147 DuBois, W.E.B.148 Dudley, Carl149 Durkheim, Emile150 Eastern Orthodoxy151 Ebaugh, Helen Rose152 Ecology Movement153 Ecology of Religion154 Ecumenism155 Edwards, Johnathan156 Eister, Allen W.157 Elazar, Daniel158 Elective Affinity159 Eliade, Mircea160 Encyclical161 Engels, Friedrich162 Episcopal Church163 Equal Rights Ammendment164 Erikson, Erik165 Eschatology166 est167 Ethics, Professional168 Ethnicity169 Ethnocentrism170 Ethos171 Evaluation Research172 Evangelicalism173 Evans-Pritchard, E.E.174 Evolution of Religion175 Experience176 Facey, Paul W.177 Faith Development178 Family, The179 Feminist Theory and Research180 Feminist Theology181 Feminization Thesis182 Ferrarotti, Franco183 Feuerbach, Ludwig184 Fichter, Joseph H.185 Finney, Charles Grandison186 Fitzpatrick, Joseph P.187 Folk Religion188 Frazer, James G.189 Frazier, E. Franklin190 Freud, Sigmund191 Friedel, Francis192 Friess, Horace L.193 Fukuyama, Wilfred Cantwell194 Functionalism195 Fundamentalism196 Funerals197 Furfey, Paul H.198 Gallagher, Ralph199 Gandhi, Mohandas K.200 Gannon, Thomas M.201 Garrett, William R.202 Geertz, Clifford J.203 Geffen, Rela Mintz204 Gellner, Ernest205 Gender206 Geographic Mobility207 Gerontology208 Gilligan, Carol209 Globalization210 Glock, Charles Young211 Glossalalia212 Goldstein, Sidney213 Gorusch, Richard214 Graham, Billy215 Gramsci, Antonio216 Great Awakenings217 Greek and Roman Religions218 Greeley, Andrew M.219 Groups220 Gruesser, Jeanine221 Guilt222 Hadden, Jeffrey K.223 Hammond, Phillip E.224 Hargrove, Barbara J.225 Harte, Thomas J.226 Healy, Mary Edward227 Hegel, G.W.F.228 Heller, Celia Stopnicka229 Herberg, Will230 Herskovitz, Melville231 Hervieu-Léger, Danièle232 Himmelfarb, Harry233 Hinduism234 Hoge, Dean R.235 Homans, George C.236 Homosexuality237 Hood, Ralph W., Jr.238 Hughes, John E.239 Human Rights240 Hymns241 Identity242 Ideology243 Immanence244 Implicit Religion245 Imse, Thomas P.246 Individualism247 International Society for Krishna Conciousness248 Internet249 Intrinsic-Extrinsic Religiousity250 Investments251 Invisible Religion252 Irreligion253 Islam254 Jackson, Jesse255 Jacquet, Constant H.256 Jainism257 James, William258 Jarrett, William H.259 Jehovah's Witnesses260 Jesus People261 Jewish-Christian Relations262 Jews263 Johnson, Benton264 Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion265 Journal of Church and State266 Judaism267 Kallen, Horace M.268 Kane John J.269 Kaslow, George W.270 Kelley, Dean M.271 Kelly, James R.272 Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah273 Kincheloe, Samuel C.274 King, Martin Luther, Jr.275 Klausner, Samuel Z.276 Kloetzi, Walter277 Kluckhohn, Clyde278 Koresh, David279 Ku Klux Klan280 Labbens, Jean281 Laity282 Lane, Ralph, Jr.283 Language284 Last Supper285 Le Bras, Gabriel286 Leadership287 Leclerq, Jacques288 Lehman, Edward C., Jr.289 Lenski, Gerhard290 Levi-Strauss, Claude291 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien292 Lewsi, G. Douglass293 Life Satisfaction294 Lincoln, Abraham295 Lipset, Seymour Martin296 Local-Cosmopolitan Distinction297 Lofland, John298 Long, Theodore E.299 Luckmann, Thomas300 Luhmann, Niklas301 Lutheranism302 Magic303 Mainline Churches304 Malinowski, Bronislaw305 Marriage and Divorce306 Martin, David307 Marty, Martin E.308 Marx, Karl309 Marxism310 Maslow, Abraham311 Mass312 Mauss, Marcel313 Mayer, Egon314 McCarey, Augustine D.315 McGuire, Meredith B.316 McKinney, William317 McNamara, Patrick H.318 McNamara, Robert J.319 Meaning320 Mennonites321 Mental Health322 Merton, Robert K.323 Metaphor324 Methodism325 Mihanovich, Clement S.326 Millenarianism327 Mills, C. Wright328 Ministry329 Missions/ Missiology330 Moberg, David O.331 Mobility (Social)332 Modernism333 Mol, Hans334 Moral Community335 Moral Development336 Morality337 Momonism338 Motive339 Mueller, Franz H.340 Mulvaney, Bernard G.341 Mundie, Paul J.342 Mundy, Paul343 Murray, Raymond W.344 Mysticism345 Nason-Clark, Nancy346 Nation of Islam347 National Council of Churches348 Native Americans349 Navin, Robert B.350 Neal, Marie Augusta351 Near-Death Experiences352 Nelsen, Hart M.353 Nelson, Benjamin354 New Religious Movements355 Niebuhr, Reinhold356 Niebuhr, Richard H.357 Nietzsche, Friedrich358 Nonofficial Religion359 Nonrational Experience360 Noyes, John Humphrey361 Nuesse, C. Joseph362 O'Dea, Thomas363 Occupations364 Orders365 Ordination366 Organization Theory and Religious Organization367 Orthodoxy368 Orthopraxy369 Other-Worldly370 Otto, Rudolph371 Papacy372 Parapsychology373 Parish374 Parsons, Talcott375 Particularism376 Peace377 Peak Experiences378 Pemberton, Prentiss379 Pentecostalism380 Peoples Temple381 Perry, Everett L.382 Phenomenology383 Piaget, Jean384 Pilgrimmage/Tourism385 Pillarization386 Plausibility387 Pluralism388 Politics389 Pope, Liston390 Popular Religion391 Positivism392 Postmodernism393 Poverty394 Practice395 Preferential Option for the Poor396 Premillenialism397 Presbyterians398 Progressivism399 Protestant Ethic Thesis400 Protestantism401 Proudfoot, Wayne402 Pruyser, Paul403 Psychic Phenomena404 Psychology of Religion405 Public Opinion Polling406 Public Religion407 Purity408 Quakers409 Quasi-Religions410 Racism411 Radcliffe-Brown, A.R.412 Radicalism413 Rajneesh Movement414 Rational Choice Theory415 Redfield, Robert416 Reductionism417 Reformation418 Reiss, Paul J.419 Religion420 Religiosity421 Religious Education422 Religious Research Association423 Religious Studies424 Research Committee 22425 Research Methods426 Resource Mobilization427 Review of Religious Research428 Revitilization movements429 Revolution430 Rhetoric431 Richardson, James T.432 Rites of Passage433 Ritual434 Robbins, Thomas435 Robertson, Pat436 Robertson, Roland437 Robinson, Leo438 Rokeach, Milton439 Roles440 Roman Catholicism441 Roof, Wade Clark442 Ross, Eva Jenny443 Rousseau, Jean Jacques444 Routinization445 Ryan, John A.446 Sacred447 Sacrifice448 Salience449 Salvation Army450 Sapir, Edward451 Satanism452 Scherer, Ross P.453 Schneider, Louis454 Schnepp, Gerald J.455 Schoenherr, Richard A.456 School Prayer457 Science and Religion458 Scientology459 Secondary Anxiety460 Secular Religion461 Secularization462 Self-Denial463 Seminaries and Seminarians464 Sexism465 Sexuality and Fertility466 Shakers467 Shinto468 Shippey, Frederick A.469 Shupe, Anson D., Jr.470 Sikhism471 Silva Mind Control472 Simmel, Georg473 Simpson, John H.474 Sklare, Marshall475 Slavery476 Smith, Joseph477 Smith, Wilfred Cantwell478 Smith, William Robertson479 Snake-Handling Cults480 Social Action481 Social Compass482 Social Control483 Social Gospel484 Social Integration485 Social Justice486 Social Movements487 Social Psychology488 Social Science and Religion489 Socialization490 Societe International de Sociologie des Religions491 Society for the Scientific Study of Religion492 Sociology of Religion493 Sociology of Religion: A Quarterly Review494 Soka Gakki495 Southernization496 Spencer, Anthony497 Spencer, Herbert498 Spilka, Bernard499 Spiritual Fronteirs Fellowship International500 Spiritualism501 Spirituality502 Spiro, Melford503 Spitzer, Allen504 Stark, Rodney505 Stark, Werner506 Status507 Stratification508 Subsidiarity509 Supernatural510 Surrogates for Religion511 Swanson, Guy E.512 Symbolic realism513 Symbols514 Syncretism515 Systems theory516 Taboo517 Tamney, Joseph B.518 Taoism519 Tawney, R.H.520 Technology521 Televangelism522 Teresa, Mother523 Theodicy524 Theology525 Theory526 Theosophy527 Third World528 Thomas, John L.529 Tillich, Paul530 Timascheff, Nicholasw S.531 Tiryakian, Edward A.532 Tocqueville, Alexis de533 Totemism534 Transcendental Meditation (TM)535 Transcendentalism536 Troeltsch, Ernst537 Turner, Victor538 Two-Party Thesis539 Tylor, Edward B.540 UFO/ Flying Saucer Cults541 Ultimacy542 Unification Church543 Unitarianism544 Universalism545 Values546 Vatican II547 Verbit, Mervin F.548 Verscheure549 Violence550 Virgin Mary551 Virginity552 Virtuoso553 Volunteerism554 Voodoo555 Voye, Liliane556 Wach, Joachim557 Wallace, Anthony F.C.558 Wallace, Ruth A.559 Wallis, Roy560 Warner, R. Stephen561 Waxman, Chaim I.562 We-They Boundaries563 Weber, Max564 Weigert, Andrew565 Well-Being566 Wellness567 Whitman, Lauris B.568 Williams, J. Paul569 Willigan, Walter570 Wilmore, Gayraud571 Wilson, Bryan R.572 Wimberley, Ronald C.573 Winter, Jerry Alan574 Witchcraft575 Wood, James R.576 Woods, Frances Jerome577 Workers' Movements578 World Christian Encyclopedia579 World-System Theory580 Wuthnow, Robert581 Yinger, J. Milton582 Yoga583 Young, Brigham584 Zahn, Gordon585 Zoroastrianism

William H. Swatos, Jr. is the executive director of the Association for the Sociology of Religion and the Religious Research Association.

Upper-level undergraduates and graduate students will have no difficulty grasping the meaning of the entries, most of which are uniformly clear, authoritative and to-the-point. Specialist scholars studying religion and society will enjoy comparing their own ideas with those of the contributors. And non-specialists will appreciate the opportunity to get quick answers to questions such as 'What is millenarianism?'. In other words, a wide variety of readers will benefit from consulting the encyclopedia, and every university library should aspire to owning a copy.

• 1 Abortion2 Acquiva, Sabino3 Adaptation4 Adolescence/Youth Culture5 Adventism6 Affective Commitment7 African American Religion8 Age9 Alcoholics Anonymous10 Alienation11 Allport, Gordon12 Alternation13 American Academy of Religion14 American Catholic Sociological Society15 American Psychological Association, Section on the Psychology of Religion16 American Religion17 American Sociological Association, Section on the Sociology of Religion18 Amish19 Ammerman, Nancy T.20 Anabaptists21 Ancestor Worship22 Animism23 Anomie24 Anthropology of Religion25 Anticult Movement26 Apocalypticism27 Apostasy and Defection28 Appalachia29 Apparition30 Archives de Science Sociales des Religions31 Asceticism32 Asian Religion33 Association for the Social Scientific Study or Jewry34 Association for the Sociology of Religion35 Astrology36 Atheism37 Attitudes38 Attribution Theory39 Authoritarianism40 Baha'i41 Baptists42 Barker, Eileen43 Barrett, Donald N.44 Batson, C. Daniel45 Becker, Ernst46 Beckford, James A.47 Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin48 Beliefs49 Bellah, Robert N.50 Belonging51 Bendix, Richard52 Berger, Peter L.53 Bergson, Henri54 Bibby, Reginald55 Biblical Studies56 Blizzard, Samuel57 Bogardus, Emory58 Book of Mormon59 Bourdieu, Pierre60 Bourg, Carroll J.61 Brainwashing62 Brewer, Earl D.C.63 Bricolage64 Bromley, David G.65 Brophy, Mary Ligouri66 Brunner, Edmund S. de67 Buber, Martin68 Buddhism69 Burhoe, Ralph70 Calvinism71 Campbell, Joseph72 Campicje, Ronald J.73 Canadian Study of Religion74 Capps, Gordon75 Cargo Cults76 Carribbean Religions77 Carroll, Jackson78 Casuistry79 Chalfant, H. Paul80 Change Movements81 Change82 Chanting83 Charisma84 Charismatic Movement85 Christian Right86 Christian School Movement87 Christian Science88 Christian Social Thought89 Christian Sociology90 Christianity91 Church-Sect Theory92 Church-State Relations (U.S.)93 Cipriani, Roberto94 Civil Disobedience95 Civil Religion96 Civil Rights97 Clark, Walter Houston98 Clemens, Alphonse99 Clergy100 Cognitive Dissonance101 Cognitive Models102 Commitment103 Communal Groups/ Religious Community104 Communal Involvement105 Communitarianism106 Community107 Community Organization108 Compassion109 Compensators110 Conflict111 Confucianism112 Congregationalism113 Conscience114 Contemporary Jewry115 Contigency116 Contributors117 Conversion118 Crimes119 Cult120 Curtis, Jack H.121 D'Antonio, William V.122 Dashefsky, Arnold123 Davidson, James D.124 Death and Dying125 Decision Making126 Deferred Gratification127 Definition of Religion128 Demerath, N. Jay III129 Democracy130 Demythologizing131 Denomination132 Deprivation Theory133 Desroche, Henri134 Deviance135 Dialectics136 Disciples of Christ137 Disenchantment138 Dittes, James E.139 Divine Light Mission140 Dobbelaere, Karel141 Dogmatism142 Donovan, John D.143 Dommsday Cult144 Douglas, Mary145 Douglass, H. Paul146 Drugs147 DuBois, W.E.B.148 Dudley, Carl149 Durkheim, Emile150 Eastern Orthodoxy151 Ebaugh, Helen Rose152 Ecology Movement153 Ecology of Religion154 Ecumenism155 Edwards, Johnathan156 Eister, Allen W.157 Elazar, Daniel158 Elective Affinity159 Eliade, Mircea160 Encyclical161 Engels, Friedrich162 Episcopal Church163 Equal Rights Ammendment164 Erikson, Erik165 Eschatology166 est167 Ethics, Professional168 Ethnicity169 Ethnocentrism170 Ethos171 Evaluation Research172 Evangelicalism173 Evans-Pritchard, E.E.174 Evolution of Religion175 Experience176 Facey, Paul W.177 Faith Development178 Family, The179 Feminist Theory and Research180 Feminist Theology181 Feminization Thesis182 Ferrarotti, Franco183 Feuerbach, Ludwig184 Fichter, Joseph H.185 Finney, Charles Grandison186 Fitzpatrick, Joseph P.187 Folk Religion188 Frazer, James G.189 Frazier, E. Franklin190 Freud, Sigmund191 Friedel, Francis192 Friess, Horace L.193 Fukuyama, Wilfred Cantwell194 Functionalism195 Fundamentalism196 Funerals197 Furfey, Paul H.198 Gallagher, Ralph199 Gandhi, Mohandas K.200 Gannon, Thomas M.201 Garrett, William R.202 Geertz, Clifford J.203 Geffen, Rela Mintz204 Gellner, Ernest205 Gender206 Geographic Mobility207 Gerontology208 Gilligan, Carol209 Globalization210 Glock, Charles Young211 Glossalalia212 Goldstein, Sidney213 Gorusch, Richard214 Graham, Billy215 Gramsci, Antonio216 Great Awakenings217 Greek and Roman Religions218 Greeley, Andrew M.219 Groups220 Gruesser, Jeanine221 Guilt222 Hadden, Jeffrey K.223 Hammond, Phillip E.224 Hargrove, Barbara J.225 Harte, Thomas J.226 Healy, Mary Edward227 Hegel, G.W.F.228 Heller, Celia Stopnicka229 Herberg, Will230 Herskovitz, Melville231 Hervieu-Léger, Danièle232 Himmelfarb, Harry233 Hinduism234 Hoge, Dean R.235 Homans, George C.236 Homosexuality237 Hood, Ralph W., Jr.238 Hughes, John E.239 Human Rights240 Hymns241 Identity242 Ideology243 Immanence244 Implicit Religion245 Imse, Thomas P.246 Individualism247 International Society for Krishna Conciousness248 Internet249 Intrinsic-Extrinsic Religiousity250 Investments251 Invisible Religion252 Irreligion253 Islam254 Jackson, Jesse255 Jacquet, Constant H.256 Jainism257 James, William258 Jarrett, William H.259 Jehovah's Witnesses260 Jesus People261 Jewish-Christian Relations262 Jews263 Johnson, Benton264 Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion265 Journal of Church and State266 Judaism267 Kallen, Horace M.268 Kane John J.269 Kaslow, George W.270 Kelley, Dean M.271 Kelly, James R.272 Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah273 Kincheloe, Samuel C.274 King, Martin Luther, Jr.275 Klausner, Samuel Z.276 Kloetzi, Walter277 Kluckhohn, Clyde278 Koresh, David279 Ku Klux Klan280 Labbens, Jean281 Laity282 Lane, Ralph, Jr.283 Language284 Last Supper285 Le Bras, Gabriel286 Leadership287 Leclerq, Jacques288 Lehman, Edward C., Jr.289 Lenski, Gerhard290 Levi-Strauss, Claude291 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien292 Lewsi, G. Douglass293 Life Satisfaction294 Lincoln, Abraham295 Lipset, Seymour Martin296 Local-Cosmopolitan Distinction297 Lofland, John298 Long, Theodore E.299 Luckmann, Thomas300 Luhmann, Niklas301 Lutheranism302 Magic303 Mainline Churches304 Malinowski, Bronislaw305 Marriage and Divorce306 Martin, David307 Marty, Martin E.308 Marx, Karl309 Marxism310 Maslow, Abraham311 Mass312 Mauss, Marcel313 Mayer, Egon314 McCarey, Augustine D.315 McGuire, Meredith B.316 McKinney, William317 McNamara, Patrick H.318 McNamara, Robert J.319 Meaning320 Mennonites321 Mental Health322 Merton, Robert K.323 Metaphor324 Methodism325 Mihanovich, Clement S.326 Millenarianism327 Mills, C. Wright328 Ministry329 Missions/ Missiology330 Moberg, David O.331 Mobility (Social)332 Modernism333 Mol, Hans334 Moral Community335 Moral Development336 Morality337 Momonism338 Motive339 Mueller, Franz H.340 Mulvaney, Bernard G.341 Mundie, Paul J.342 Mundy, Paul343 Murray, Raymond W.344 Mysticism345 Nason-Clark, Nancy346 Nation of Islam347 National Council of Churches348 Native Americans349 Navin, Robert B.350 Neal, Marie Augusta351 Near-Death Experiences352 Nelsen, Hart M.353 Nelson, Benjamin354 New Religious Movements355 Niebuhr, Reinhold356 Niebuhr, Richard H.357 Nietzsche, Friedrich358 Nonofficial Religion359 Nonrational Experience360 Noyes, John Humphrey361 Nuesse, C. Joseph362 O'Dea, Thomas363 Occupations364 Orders365 Ordination366 Organization Theory and Religious Organization367 Orthodoxy368 Orthopraxy369 Other-Worldly370 Otto, Rudolph371 Papacy372 Parapsychology373 Parish374 Parsons, Talcott375 Particularism376 Peace377 Peak Experiences378 Pemberton, Prentiss379 Pentecostalism380 Peoples Temple381 Perry, Everett L.382 Phenomenology383 Piaget, Jean384 Pilgrimmage/Tourism385 Pillarization386 Plausibility387 Pluralism388 Politics389 Pope, Liston390 Popular Religion391 Positivism392 Postmodernism393 Poverty394 Practice395 Preferential Option for the Poor396 Premillenialism397 Presbyterians398 Progressivism399 Protestant Ethic Thesis400 Protestantism401 Proudfoot, Wayne402 Pruyser, Paul403 Psychic Phenomena404 Psychology of Religion405 Public Opinion Polling406 Public Religion407 Purity408 Quakers409 Quasi-Religions410 Racism411 Radcliffe-Brown, A.R.412 Radicalism413 Rajneesh Movement414 Rational Choice Theory415 Redfield, Robert416 Reductionism417 Reformation418 Reiss, Paul J.419 Religion420 Religiosity421 Religious Education422 Religious Research Association423 Religious Studies424 Research Committee 22425 Research Methods426 Resource Mobilization427 Review of Religious Research428 Revitilization movements429 Revolution430 Rhetoric431 Richardson, James T.432 Rites of Passage433 Ritual434 Robbins, Thomas435 Robertson, Pat436 Robertson, Roland437 Robinson, Leo438 Rokeach, Milton439 Roles440 Roman Catholicism441 Roof, Wade Clark442 Ross, Eva Jenny443 Rousseau, Jean Jacques444 Routinization445 Ryan, John A.446 Sacred447 Sacrifice448 Salience449 Salvation Army450 Sapir, Edward451 Satanism452 Scherer, Ross P.453 Schneider, Louis454 Schnepp, Gerald J.455 Schoenherr, Richard A.456 School Prayer457 Science and Religion458 Scientology459 Secondary Anxiety460 Secular Religion461 Secularization462 Self-Denial463 Seminaries and Seminarians464 Sexism465 Sexuality and Fertility466 Shakers467 Shinto468 Shippey, Frederick A.469 Shupe, Anson D., Jr.470 Sikhism471 Silva Mind Control472 Simmel, Georg473 Simpson, John H.474 Sklare, Marshall475 Slavery476 Smith, Joseph477 Smith, Wilfred Cantwell478 Smith, William Robertson479 Snake-Handling Cults480 Social Action481 Social Compass482 Social Control483 Social Gospel484 Social Integration485 Social Justice486 Social Movements487 Social Psychology488 Social Science and Religion489 Socialization490 Societe International de Sociologie des Religions491 Society for the Scientific Study of Religion492 Sociology of Religion493 Sociology of Religion: A Quarterly Review494 Soka Gakki495 Southernization496 Spencer, Anthony497 Spencer, Herbert498 Spilka, Bernard499 Spiritual Fronteirs Fellowship International500 Spiritualism501 Spirituality502 Spiro, Melford503 Spitzer, Allen504 Stark, Rodney505 Stark, Werner506 Status507 Stratification508 Subsidiarity509 Supernatural510 Surrogates for Religion511 Swanson, Guy E.512 Symbolic realism513 Symbols514 Syncretism515 Systems theory516 Taboo517 Tamney, Joseph B.518 Taoism519 Tawney, R.H.520 Technology521 Televangelism522 Teresa, Mother523 Theodicy524 Theology525 Theory526 Theosophy527 Third World528 Thomas, John L.529 Tillich, Paul530 Timascheff, Nicholasw S.531 Tiryakian, Edward A.532 Tocqueville, Alexis de533 Totemism534 Transcendental Meditation (TM)535 Transcendentalism536 Troeltsch, Ernst537 Turner, Victor538 Two-Party Thesis539 Tylor, Edward B.540 UFO/ Flying Saucer Cults541 Ultimacy542 Unification Church543 Unitarianism544 Universalism545 Values546 Vatican II547 Verbit, Mervin F.548 Verscheure549 Violence550 Virgin Mary551 Virginity552 Virtuoso553 Volunteerism554 Voodoo555 Voye, Liliane556 Wach, Joachim557 Wallace, Anthony F.C.558 Wallace, Ruth A.559 Wallis, Roy560 Warner, R. Stephen561 Waxman, Chaim I.562 We-They Boundaries563 Weber, Max564 Weigert, Andrew565 Well-Being566 Wellness567 Whitman, Lauris B.568 Williams, J. Paul569 Willigan, Walter570 Wilmore, Gayraud571 Wilson, Bryan R.572 Wimberley, Ronald C.573 Winter, Jerry Alan574 Witchcraft575 Wood, James R.576 Woods, Frances Jerome577 Workers' Movements578 World Christian Encyclopedia579 World-System Theory580 Wuthnow, Robert581 Yinger, J. Milton582 Yoga583 Young, Brigham584 Zahn, Gordon585 Zoroastrianism

William H. Swatos, Jr. is the executive director of the Association for the Sociology of Religion and the Religious Research Association.

Upper-level undergraduates and graduate students will have no difficulty grasping the meaning of the entries, most of which are uniformly clear, authoritative and to-the-point. Specialist scholars studying religion and society will enjoy comparing their own ideas with those of the contributors. And non-specialists will appreciate the opportunity to get quick answers to questions such as 'What is millenarianism?'. In other words, a wide variety of readers will benefit from consulting the encyclopedia, and every university library should aspire to owning a copy.

• 1 Abortion2 Acquiva, Sabino3 Adaptation4 Adolescence/Youth Culture5 Adventism6 Affective Commitment7 African American Religion8 Age9 Alcoholics Anonymous10 Alienation11 Allport, Gordon12 Alternation13 American Academy of Religion14 American Catholic Sociological Society15 American Psychological Association, Section on the Psychology of Religion16 American Religion17 American Sociological Association, Section on the Sociology of Religion18 Amish19 Ammerman, Nancy T.20 Anabaptists21 Ancestor Worship22 Animism23 Anomie24 Anthropology of Religion25 Anticult Movement26 Apocalypticism27 Apostasy and Defection28 Appalachia29 Apparition30 Archives de Science Sociales des Religions31 Asceticism32 Asian Religion33 Association for the Social Scientific Study or Jewry34 Association for the Sociology of Religion35 Astrology36 Atheism37 Attitudes38 Attribution Theory39 Authoritarianism40 Baha'i41 Baptists42 Barker, Eileen43 Barrett, Donald N.44 Batson, C. Daniel45 Becker, Ernst46 Beckford, James A.47 Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin48 Beliefs49 Bellah, Robert N.50 Belonging51 Bendix, Richard52 Berger, Peter L.53 Bergson, Henri54 Bibby, Reginald55 Biblical Studies56 Blizzard, Samuel57 Bogardus, Emory58 Book of Mormon59 Bourdieu, Pierre60 Bourg, Carroll J.61 Brainwashing62 Brewer, Earl D.C.63 Bricolage64 Bromley, David G.65 Brophy, Mary Ligouri66 Brunner, Edmund S. de67 Buber, Martin68 Buddhism69 Burhoe, Ralph70 Calvinism71 Campbell, Joseph72 Campicje, Ronald J.73 Canadian Study of Religion74 Capps, Gordon75 Cargo Cults76 Carribbean Religions77 Carroll, Jackson78 Casuistry79 Chalfant, H. Paul80 Change Movements81 Change82 Chanting83 Charisma84 Charismatic Movement85 Christian Right86 Christian School Movement87 Christian Science88 Christian Social Thought89 Christian Sociology90 Christianity91 Church-Sect Theory92 Church-State Relations (U.S.)93 Cipriani, Roberto94 Civil Disobedience95 Civil Religion96 Civil Rights97 Clark, Walter Houston98 Clemens, Alphonse99 Clergy100 Cognitive Dissonance101 Cognitive Models102 Commitment103 Communal Groups/ Religious Community104 Communal Involvement105 Communitarianism106 Community107 Community Organization108 Compassion109 Compensators110 Conflict111 Confucianism112 Congregationalism113 Conscience114 Contemporary Jewry115 Contigency116 Contributors117 Conversion118 Crimes119 Cult120 Curtis, Jack H.121 D'Antonio, William V.122 Dashefsky, Arnold123 Davidson, James D.124 Death and Dying125 Decision Making126 Deferred Gratification127 Definition of Religion128 Demerath, N. Jay III129 Democracy130 Demythologizing131 Denomination132 Deprivation Theory133 Desroche, Henri134 Deviance135 Dialectics136 Disciples of Christ137 Disenchantment138 Dittes, James E.139 Divine Light Mission140 Dobbelaere, Karel141 Dogmatism142 Donovan, John D.143 Dommsday Cult144 Douglas, Mary145 Douglass, H. Paul146 Drugs147 DuBois, W.E.B.148 Dudley, Carl149 Durkheim, Emile150 Eastern Orthodoxy151 Ebaugh, Helen Rose152 Ecology Movement153 Ecology of Religion154 Ecumenism155 Edwards, Johnathan156 Eister, Allen W.157 Elazar, Daniel158 Elective Affinity159 Eliade, Mircea160 Encyclical161 Engels, Friedrich162 Episcopal Church163 Equal Rights Ammendment164 Erikson, Erik165 Eschatology166 est167 Ethics, Professional168 Ethnicity169 Ethnocentrism170 Ethos171 Evaluation Research172 Evangelicalism173 Evans-Pritchard, E.E.174 Evolution of Religion175 Experience176 Facey, Paul W.177 Faith Development178 Family, The179 Feminist Theory and Research180 Feminist Theology181 Feminization Thesis182 Ferrarotti, Franco183 Feuerbach, Ludwig184 Fichter, Joseph H.185 Finney, Charles Grandison186 Fitzpatrick, Joseph P.187 Folk Religion188 Frazer, James G.189 Frazier, E. Franklin190 Freud, Sigmund191 Friedel, Francis192 Friess, Horace L.193 Fukuyama, Wilfred Cantwell194 Functionalism195 Fundamentalism196 Funerals197 Furfey, Paul H.198 Gallagher, Ralph199 Gandhi, Mohandas K.200 Gannon, Thomas M.201 Garrett, William R.202 Geertz, Clifford J.203 Geffen, Rela Mintz204 Gellner, Ernest205 Gender206 Geographic Mobility207 Gerontology208 Gilligan, Carol209 Globalization210 Glock, Charles Young211 Glossalalia212 Goldstein, Sidney213 Gorusch, Richard214 Graham, Billy215 Gramsci, Antonio216 Great Awakenings217 Greek and Roman Religions218 Greeley, Andrew M.219 Groups220 Gruesser, Jeanine221 Guilt222 Hadden, Jeffrey K.223 Hammond, Phillip E.224 Hargrove, Barbara J.225 Harte, Thomas J.226 Healy, Mary Edward227 Hegel, G.W.F.228 Heller, Celia Stopnicka229 Herberg, Will230 Herskovitz, Melville231 Hervieu-Léger, Danièle232 Himmelfarb, Harry233 Hinduism234 Hoge, Dean R.235 Homans, George C.236 Homosexuality237 Hood, Ralph W., Jr.238 Hughes, John E.239 Human Rights240 Hymns241 Identity242 Ideology243 Immanence244 Implicit Religion245 Imse, Thomas P.246 Individualism247 International Society for Krishna Conciousness248 Internet249 Intrinsic-Extrinsic Religiousity250 Investments251 Invisible Religion252 Irreligion253 Islam254 Jackson, Jesse255 Jacquet, Constant H.256 Jainism257 James, William258 Jarrett, William H.259 Jehovah's Witnesses260 Jesus People261 Jewish-Christian Relations262 Jews263 Johnson, Benton264 Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion265 Journal of Church and State266 Judaism267 Kallen, Horace M.268 Kane John J.269 Kaslow, George W.270 Kelley, Dean M.271 Kelly, James R.272 Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah273 Kincheloe, Samuel C.274 King, Martin Luther, Jr.275 Klausner, Samuel Z.276 Kloetzi, Walter277 Kluckhohn, Clyde278 Koresh, David279 Ku Klux Klan280 Labbens, Jean281 Laity282 Lane, Ralph, Jr.283 Language284 Last Supper285 Le Bras, Gabriel286 Leadership287 Leclerq, Jacques288 Lehman, Edward C., Jr.289 Lenski, Gerhard290 Levi-Strauss, Claude291 Levy-Bruhl, Lucien292 Lewsi, G. Douglass293 Life Satisfaction294 Lincoln, Abraham295 Lipset, Seymour Martin296 Local-Cosmopolitan Distinction297 Lofland, John298 Long, Theodore E.299 Luckmann, Thomas300 Luhmann, Niklas301 Lutheranism302 Magic303 Mainline Churches304 Malinowski, Bronislaw305 Marriage and Divorce306 Martin, David307 Marty, Martin E.308 Marx, Karl309 Marxism310 Maslow, Abraham311 Mass312 Mauss, Marcel313 Mayer, Egon314 McCarey, Augustine D.315 McGuire, Meredith B.316 McKinney, William317 McNamara, Patrick H.318 McNamara, Robert J.319 Meaning320 Mennonites321 Mental Health322 Merton, Robert K.323 Metaphor324 Methodism325 Mihanovich, Clement S.326 Millenarianism327 Mills, C. Wright328 Ministry329 Missions/ Missiology330 Moberg, David O.331 Mobility (Social)332 Modernism333 Mol, Hans334 Moral Community335 Moral Development336 Morality337 Momonism338 Motive339 Mueller, Franz H.340 Mulvaney, Bernard G.341 Mundie, Paul J.342 Mundy, Paul343 Murray, Raymond W.344 Mysticism345 Nason-Clark, Nancy346 Nation of Islam347 National Council of Churches348 Native Americans349 Navin, Robert B.350 Neal, Marie Augusta351 Near-Death Experiences352 Nelsen, Hart M.353 Nelson, Benjamin354 New Religious Movements355 Niebuhr, Reinhold356 Niebuhr, Richard H.357 Nietzsche, Friedrich358 Nonofficial Religion359 Nonrational Experience360 Noyes, John Humphrey361 Nuesse, C. Joseph362 O'Dea, Thomas363 Occupations364 Orders365 Ordination366 Organization Theory and Religious Organization367 Orthodoxy368 Orthopraxy369 Other-Worldly370 Otto, Rudolph371 Papacy372 Parapsychology373 Parish374 Parsons, Talcott375 Particularism376 Peace377 Peak Experiences378 Pemberton, Prentiss379 Pentecostalism380 Peoples Temple381 Perry, Everett L.382 Phenomenology383 Piaget, Jean384 Pilgrimmage/Tourism385 Pillarization386 Plausibility387 Pluralism388 Politics389 Pope, Liston390 Popular Religion391 Positivism392 Postmodernism393 Poverty394 Practice395 Preferential Option for the Poor396 Premillenialism397 Presbyterians398 Progressivism399 Protestant Ethic Thesis400 Protestantism401 Proudfoot, Wayne402 Pruyser, Paul403 Psychic Phenomena404 Psychology of Religion405 Public Opinion Polling406 Public Religion407 Purity408 Quakers409 Quasi-Religions410 Racism411 Radcliffe-Brown, A.R.412 Radicalism413 Rajneesh Movement414 Rational Choice Theory415 Redfield, Robert416 Reductionism417 Reformation418 Reiss, Paul J.419 Religion420 Religiosity421 Religious Education422 Religious Research Association423 Religious Studies424 Research Committee 22425 Research Methods426 Resource Mobilization427 Review of Religious Research428 Revitilization movements429 Revolution430 Rhetoric431 Richardson, James T.432 Rites of Passage433 Ritual434 Robbins, Thomas435 Robertson, Pat436 Robertson, Roland437 Robinson, Leo438 Rokeach, Milton439 Roles440 Roman Catholicism441 Roof, Wade Clark442 Ross, Eva Jenny443 Rousseau, Jean Jacques444 Routinization445 Ryan, John A.446 Sacred447 Sacrifice448 Salience449 Salvation Army450 Sapir, Edward451 Satanism452 Scherer, Ross P.453 Schneider, Louis454 Schnepp, Gerald J.455 Schoenherr, Richard A.456 School Prayer457 Science and Religion458 Scientology459 Secondary Anxiety460 Secular Religion461 Secularization462 Self-Denial463 Seminaries and Seminarians464 Sexism465 Sexuality and Fertility466 Shakers467 Shinto468 Shippey, Frederick A.469 Shupe, Anson D., Jr.470 Sikhism471 Silva Mind Control472 Simmel, Georg473 Simpson, John H.474 Sklare, Marshall475 Slavery476 Smith, Joseph477 Smith, Wilfred Cantwell478 Smith, William Robertson479 Snake-Handling Cults480 Social Action481 Social Compass482 Social Control483 Social Gospel484 Social Integration485 Social Justice486 Social Movements487 Social Psychology488 Social Science and Religion489 Socialization490 Societe International de Sociologie des Religions491 Society for the Scientific Study of Religion492 Sociology of Religion493 Sociology of Religion: A Quarterly Review494 Soka Gakki495 Southernization496 Spencer, Anthony497 Spencer, Herbert498 Spilka, Bernard499 Spiritual Fronteirs Fellowship International500 Spiritualism501 Spirituality502 Spiro, Melford503 Spitzer, Allen504 Stark, Rodney505 Stark, Werner506 Status507 Stratification508 Subsidiarity509 Supernatural510 Surrogates for Religion511 Swanson, Guy E.512 Symbolic realism513 Symbols514 Syncretism515 Systems theory516 Taboo517 Tamney, Joseph B.518 Taoism519 Tawney, R.H.520 Technology521 Televangelism522 Teresa, Mother523 Theodicy524 Theology525 Theory526 Theosophy527 Third World528 Thomas, John L.529 Tillich, Paul530 Timascheff, Nicholasw S.531 Tiryakian, Edward A.532 Tocqueville, Alexis de533 Totemism534 Transcendental Meditation (TM)535 Transcendentalism536 Troeltsch, Ernst537 Turner, Victor538 Two-Party Thesis539 Tylor, Edward B.540 UFO/ Flying Saucer Cults541 Ultimacy542 Unification Church543 Unitarianism544 Universalism545 Values546 Vatican II547 Verbit, Mervin F.548 Verscheure549 Violence550 Virgin Mary551 Virginity552 Virtuoso553 Volunteerism554 Voodoo555 Voye, Liliane556 Wach, Joachim557 Wallace, Anthony F.C.558 Wallace, Ruth A.559 Wallis, Roy560 Warner, R. Stephen561 Waxman, Chaim I.562 We-They Boundaries563 Weber, Max564 Weigert, Andrew565 Well-Being566 Wellness567 Whitman, Lauris B.568 Williams, J. Paul569 Willigan, Walter570 Wilmore, Gayraud571 Wilson, Bryan R.572 Wimberley, Ronald C.573 Winter, Jerry Alan574 Witchcraft575 Wood, James R.576 Woods, Frances Jerome577 Workers' Movements578 World Christian Encyclopedia579 World-System Theory580 Wuthnow, Robert581 Yinger, J. Milton582 Yoga583 Young, Brigham584 Zahn, Gordon585 Zoroastrianism