David Ownby is Assistant Research Fellow at the Université de Montréal. He is the co-editor, with Mary Somers Heidhues, of "Secret Societies" Reconsidered: Perspectives on the Social History of Early Modern South China and Southeast Asia.

• A note on conventions Introduction: Chinese brotherhoods and secret societies through the opium war 1. Brotherhood associations in Southeast China through the Lin Shuangwen rebellion 2. Brotherhood associations, secret societies, and rebellion: the background to the Lin Suangwen uprising 3. Rebellions with and without secret societies: Zhu Yigui and Lin Shuangwen compared 4. Secret societies and popular religion: the Tianhihui in the Western Fujian-Eastern Jiangxi region in the Jiaqing-Daoguang period 5. Marginality and ideology: Qing representations of brotherhood associations and secret societies 6. Chinese brotherhood associations and late imperial China Appendix A: Participation in the Lin Shuangwen uprising Appendix B: Chronology of the Lin Shuangwen uprising Notes Bibliography Glossary Index.

David Ownby is Assistant Research Fellow at the Université de Montréal. He is the co-editor, with Mary Somers Heidhues, of "Secret Societies" Reconsidered: Perspectives on the Social History of Early Modern South China and Southeast Asia.

• A note on conventions Introduction: Chinese brotherhoods and secret societies through the opium war 1. Brotherhood associations in Southeast China through the Lin Shuangwen rebellion 2. Brotherhood associations, secret societies, and rebellion: the background to the Lin Suangwen uprising 3. Rebellions with and without secret societies: Zhu Yigui and Lin Shuangwen compared 4. Secret societies and popular religion: the Tianhihui in the Western Fujian-Eastern Jiangxi region in the Jiaqing-Daoguang period 5. Marginality and ideology: Qing representations of brotherhood associations and secret societies 6. Chinese brotherhood associations and late imperial China Appendix A: Participation in the Lin Shuangwen uprising Appendix B: Chronology of the Lin Shuangwen uprising Notes Bibliography Glossary Index.

David Ownby is Assistant Research Fellow at the Université de Montréal. He is the co-editor, with Mary Somers Heidhues, of "Secret Societies" Reconsidered: Perspectives on the Social History of Early Modern South China and Southeast Asia.

• A note on conventions Introduction: Chinese brotherhoods and secret societies through the opium war 1. Brotherhood associations in Southeast China through the Lin Shuangwen rebellion 2. Brotherhood associations, secret societies, and rebellion: the background to the Lin Suangwen uprising 3. Rebellions with and without secret societies: Zhu Yigui and Lin Shuangwen compared 4. Secret societies and popular religion: the Tianhihui in the Western Fujian-Eastern Jiangxi region in the Jiaqing-Daoguang period 5. Marginality and ideology: Qing representations of brotherhood associations and secret societies 6. Chinese brotherhood associations and late imperial China Appendix A: Participation in the Lin Shuangwen uprising Appendix B: Chronology of the Lin Shuangwen uprising Notes Bibliography Glossary Index.