Essential Howard Gardner on Mind

Howard Gardner is the Hobbs Research Professor of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Among numerous honors, Gardner received a MacArthur Prize Fellowship, the Grawemeyer Prize in Education, a fellowship from the John S. Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, and the American Educational Research Association's Distinguished Contributions to Research in Education Award.

• ContentsAcknowledgments  xiIntroduction  1Influences1.  Jean Piaget: The Psychologist as Renaissance Man  7The Philosopher’s Shadow  92.  Jerome Seymour Bruner: Cognitive Psychology Enters the Educational Arena  10References  143.  Project Zero: Nelson Goodman’s Legacy in Arts Education  15What of Goodman’s Legacy to Project Zero?  20References  214.  Norman Geschwind as a Creative Scientist  22References  25Early Work5.  Piaget and Lévi-Strauss: The Quest for Mind  29References  416.  From Mode to Symbol: Thoughts on the Genesis of the Arts  42References  507.  Note on Selective Imitation by a 6-Week-Old Infant  53Judith Gardner and Howard GardnerReference  548.  Children’s Sensitivity to Painting Styles  55Developmental Psychology9.  Style Sensitivity in Children  59Style Detection in the Adult  63Problems  66Relation to Cognition  67References  6810.  The Development of Metaphoric Understanding  69Ellen Winner, Anne K. Rosenstiel, and Howard GardnerReference  7111.  First Intimations of Artistry  72Howard Gardner and Ellen WinnerThe Enigma of Early Artistic Production  72Early Metaphors  74First Drawings  78Patterns of Development in Literary and Graphic Realms  81Portraying the Skills of the Young Child: A First Draft of Artistry  82Two Facets of Artistry  86References  8812.  Developmental Psychology After Piaget: An Approach in Terms of Symbolization  89Introduction: The Piagetian Enterprise  89Critiques of the Piagetian Enterprise  90Symbolization: A Starting Point  92Relation to Other Lines of Inquiry  95References  97Introduction to the Study of Brain Damage13.  The Contribution of Operativity to Naming Capacity  103Abstract  103Discussion  10314.  Bee but Not Be: Oral Reading of Single Words in Aphasia and Alexia  105Abstract  105Findings  106Reference  10715.  The Comprehension of Metaphor in Brain-Damaged Patients  108Ellen Winner and Howard GardnerDiscussion  110In Sum  111Acknowledgment  112Reference  11216.  The Stories of the Right Hemisphere: Missing the Point  113The Stories of the Right Hemisphere  113Introduction to Multiple Intelligences17.  In a Nutshell  121What Constitutes an Intelligence?  123The Original Set of Intelligences  124Newly Identified Intelligences  130The Unique Contributions of the Theory  132Conclusion  134References  13418.  A “Smart” Lexicon  135References  13719.  Artistic Intelligences  138Reference  14220.  Who Owns Intelligence?  143References  151Cognition21.  Definition and Scope of Cognitive Science  15522.  Scientific Psychology: Should We Bury It or Praise It?  157The Emerging Disciplinary Topography  159The Surviving Center  160Whither Psychologists?  162References  163Heights of Cognition: Creativity23.  Seven Creators of the Modern Era  167The Problem  167Two Promising Approaches  168A Preliminary Definition  169A Research Program  170Where Is Creativity?  171The Person  173The Domain  173The Field  174Tensions Across Nodes  174Developmental Perspective  175Features That Characterize Creative Individuals  176References  17824.  Creativity: The View From Big C and the Introduction of Tiny c  179Howard Gardner and Emily WeinsteinBackground  179The Twenty-First Century: Three Challenges  181Emily  182Toward “Tiny c”  184References  186Leadership25.  Leadership: An Overview  189What Is a Leader?  189A Study of Leaders  191The Intelligences of a Leader  192Leaders Take Risks, Defy Authority  193Leaders Try and Fail . . . and Then Try Again, Quite Possibly With a Different Tack  194A Leader and Authenticity  195Indirect Leaders: Creative Minds  196Three Lessons  197Defeat Is an Opportunity  198Reference  19826.  On Good Leadership: Reflections on Leading Minds After Three Decades  199An Approach to Good Leadership  200Reference  20127.  Changing Minds: 80/20 and Five Rs  202Mental Representations: The 80/20 Principle  2021. Reason  2052. Research  2053. Resonance  205By the Way: Rhetoric  2064. Representational Redescriptions (Redescriptions for Short)  2065. Resources and Rewards  2066. Real-World Events  2077. Resistances  207References  208Positive Uses of Mind: Introduction to Good Work28.  Tanner Lecture #1: What Is Good Work?  213References  22429.  Tanner Lecture #2: Achieving Good Work in Turbulent Times  225References  234The Professions30.  Compromised Work  23731.  The Lonely Profession  248With Laura HornEvidence of Professional Identity  249Professional Stance  250Why Don’t They Identify With Philanthropy?  253Lonely Work  25732.  In Defense of Disinterestedness in the Digital Era  262Terminology  264The Difference That a Half-Century Can Make  268Enter the Digital Media  269References  27633.  The Future of the Professions  277Autobiographical Reflection  277Introducing the Susskinds  279A Question of Values  281References  282Minds of the Future34.  Five Minds for the Future: An Introduction  285Disciplined  287Synthesizing  288Creating  288Respectful and Ethical  289Education in the Large  290Reference  29035.  Musings About a Synthesizing Mind  291An Aside  294References  29536.  Some Further Reflections on the Synthesizing Mind  296References  30637.  Why the App Generation?  307Howard Gardner and Katie DavisEnter Apps  308References  310Miscellanea38.  Human Potential: A Forty-Year Saga  313References  31939.  Had I but World Enough and Time  320The Synthesizing Mind  320Good Work: The Ethical Perspective  321Intelligences  322Education From the Cradle on . . . in the Anthropocene  323Gratitude  323Original Publication List  325Index  329Permissions  337About the Author  339