Jacqueline Bhabha is Professor of the Practice of Health and Human Rights at the Harvard School of Public Health, the Jeremiah Smith Jr. Lecturer in Law at Harvard Law School, and Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School. She is Director of Research at the Harvard FXB Center for Health and Human Rights. Andrzej Mirga is Polish Roma, an ethnologist, analyst, and activist. He chairs the board of the Roma Education Fund (Budapest). Margareta Matache is a Romani scholar and activist from Romania. She is an instructor at the Harvard FXB Center for Health and Human Rights and Director of the Roma Program at Harvard.

"Realizing Roma Rights is a most welcome contribution to the meager world of human rights-based studies of the Roma population . . . The book is well edited and presents a comprehensive picture and analysis of current issues surrounding the Roma, in particular in Eastern and Central Europe. The editors have a deep understanding not only of the human rights dimensions of the condition of the Roma situation, but also of the political, cultural, and historical questions that are important to include in order to fully comprehend the magnitude of the challenges faced and to provide a contribution for purposes of future scenarios for the Roma." (Human Rights Quarterly) "Realizing Roma Rights is an absorbing study . . . [and] a thoughtful and stimulating read. What we learn is that centuries of state-sponsored vilification, criminalisation and marginalisation of the Roma has normalised racism . . . Deep-seated prejudice of this kind does not instantly evaporate when an international body, a government or a court decides that it is no longer acceptable. Change comes slowly . . . This edited book is an important contribution to this understanding." (The International Journal of Human Rights) "Roma history includes accounts of terrible discrimination but must also pay attention to the development of an admirably courageous global community-beautifully combining resistance to imposed disadvantage with instinctive tolerance of different ways of life of others. This splendid collection of essays brings out the richness of the Roma story-what the world owes to this massively disadvantaged group, and, no less important, what the world has to learn from the global culture of this locally defiant community spread across the world." (Amartya Sen, Harvard University) "By juxtaposing European and American Roma experiences, Realizing Roma Rights demonstrates that Roma cannot fight racism and discrimination without strategic allies in both their countries of origin and their adopted homelands and makes clear the need to develop Roma networks that can advocate for human and legal rights in their communities. Anyone working toward achieving rights for Roma, especially those working in European and international commissions, as well as non-governmental organizations, would benefit from reading this book." (Romani Rose, Chairman of the Central Council of German Sinti and Roma)

• Realizing Roma Rights: An IntroductionPART I. THE LONG SHADOW OF ANTI- ROMA DISCRIMINATIONChapter 1. Roma Children and Enduring Educational Exclusion in Italy-Elena RozziChapter 2. Toward the Recognition of Critical Race Th eory in Human Rights Law: Roma Women's Reproductive Rights-Alexandra OpreaPART II. THE LONGUE DURÉE: THE HISTORY OF ROMA POLICY AS AN ELEMENT IN U.S. FOREIGN POLICYChapter 3. Policy and Practice: A Case Study of U.S. Foreign Policy Regarding the Situation of Roma in Europe-Erika SchlagerChapter 4. The U.S. Department of State and International Efforts to Promote the Human Rights of Roma-David Meyer and Michael UyeharaPART III. TAKING STOCK OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY: THE IMPACT OF ROMA INCLUSION STRATEGIESChapter 5. A Critical Analysis of Roma Policy and Praxis: The Romanian Case-Margareta Matache and Krista OehlkeChapter 6. Roma Policy in Europe: Results and Challenges-Andrzej MirgaChapter 7. Reconstructing Roma Integration in Central and Eastern Europe: Addressing the Failures of the Last Quarter Century-KÁlmÁn MizseiPART IV. THE ENDURING CHALLENGE OF TACKLING ANTI- ROMA INSTITUTIONAL DISCRIMINATION AND POPULAR RACISM IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSISChapter 8. Anti- Roma Violence, Hate Speech, and Discrimination in the New Europe: Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary-Will GuyChapter 9. The Unfulfi lled Promise of Educational Opportunity in the United States and Europe: From Brown v. Board to D.H. and Beyond-James A. GoldstonPART V. LOOKING FORWARD: THE IMPERATIVE OF ROMA COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION AND LEADERSHIPChapter 10. Making Roma Rights a Reality at the Local Level: A Spanish Case Study-Teresa SordÉ MartÍ and Fernando MacÍasChapter 11. Roma Mobilization and Participation: Obstacles and Opportunities-Peter VermeerschChapter 12. Roma in European Politics, Looking to the Future-David MarkNotesList of ContributorsIndexAcknowledgments

Jacqueline Bhabha is Professor of the Practice of Health and Human Rights at the Harvard School of Public Health, the Jeremiah Smith Jr. Lecturer in Law at Harvard Law School, and Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School. She is Director of Research at the Harvard FXB Center for Health and Human Rights. Andrzej Mirga is Polish Roma, an ethnologist, analyst, and activist. He chairs the board of the Roma Education Fund (Budapest). Margareta Matache is a Romani scholar and activist from Romania. She is an instructor at the Harvard FXB Center for Health and Human Rights and Director of the Roma Program at Harvard.

"Realizing Roma Rights is a most welcome contribution to the meager world of human rights-based studies of the Roma population . . . The book is well edited and presents a comprehensive picture and analysis of current issues surrounding the Roma, in particular in Eastern and Central Europe. The editors have a deep understanding not only of the human rights dimensions of the condition of the Roma situation, but also of the political, cultural, and historical questions that are important to include in order to fully comprehend the magnitude of the challenges faced and to provide a contribution for purposes of future scenarios for the Roma." (Human Rights Quarterly) "Realizing Roma Rights is an absorbing study . . . [and] a thoughtful and stimulating read. What we learn is that centuries of state-sponsored vilification, criminalisation and marginalisation of the Roma has normalised racism . . . Deep-seated prejudice of this kind does not instantly evaporate when an international body, a government or a court decides that it is no longer acceptable. Change comes slowly . . . This edited book is an important contribution to this understanding." (The International Journal of Human Rights) "Roma history includes accounts of terrible discrimination but must also pay attention to the development of an admirably courageous global community-beautifully combining resistance to imposed disadvantage with instinctive tolerance of different ways of life of others. This splendid collection of essays brings out the richness of the Roma story-what the world owes to this massively disadvantaged group, and, no less important, what the world has to learn from the global culture of this locally defiant community spread across the world." (Amartya Sen, Harvard University) "By juxtaposing European and American Roma experiences, Realizing Roma Rights demonstrates that Roma cannot fight racism and discrimination without strategic allies in both their countries of origin and their adopted homelands and makes clear the need to develop Roma networks that can advocate for human and legal rights in their communities. Anyone working toward achieving rights for Roma, especially those working in European and international commissions, as well as non-governmental organizations, would benefit from reading this book." (Romani Rose, Chairman of the Central Council of German Sinti and Roma)

• Realizing Roma Rights: An IntroductionPART I. THE LONG SHADOW OF ANTI- ROMA DISCRIMINATIONChapter 1. Roma Children and Enduring Educational Exclusion in Italy-Elena RozziChapter 2. Toward the Recognition of Critical Race Th eory in Human Rights Law: Roma Women's Reproductive Rights-Alexandra OpreaPART II. THE LONGUE DURÉE: THE HISTORY OF ROMA POLICY AS AN ELEMENT IN U.S. FOREIGN POLICYChapter 3. Policy and Practice: A Case Study of U.S. Foreign Policy Regarding the Situation of Roma in Europe-Erika SchlagerChapter 4. The U.S. Department of State and International Efforts to Promote the Human Rights of Roma-David Meyer and Michael UyeharaPART III. TAKING STOCK OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY: THE IMPACT OF ROMA INCLUSION STRATEGIESChapter 5. A Critical Analysis of Roma Policy and Praxis: The Romanian Case-Margareta Matache and Krista OehlkeChapter 6. Roma Policy in Europe: Results and Challenges-Andrzej MirgaChapter 7. Reconstructing Roma Integration in Central and Eastern Europe: Addressing the Failures of the Last Quarter Century-KÁlmÁn MizseiPART IV. THE ENDURING CHALLENGE OF TACKLING ANTI- ROMA INSTITUTIONAL DISCRIMINATION AND POPULAR RACISM IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSISChapter 8. Anti- Roma Violence, Hate Speech, and Discrimination in the New Europe: Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary-Will GuyChapter 9. The Unfulfi lled Promise of Educational Opportunity in the United States and Europe: From Brown v. Board to D.H. and Beyond-James A. GoldstonPART V. LOOKING FORWARD: THE IMPERATIVE OF ROMA COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION AND LEADERSHIPChapter 10. Making Roma Rights a Reality at the Local Level: A Spanish Case Study-Teresa SordÉ MartÍ and Fernando MacÍasChapter 11. Roma Mobilization and Participation: Obstacles and Opportunities-Peter VermeerschChapter 12. Roma in European Politics, Looking to the Future-David MarkNotesList of ContributorsIndexAcknowledgments

Jacqueline Bhabha is Professor of the Practice of Health and Human Rights at the Harvard School of Public Health, the Jeremiah Smith Jr. Lecturer in Law at Harvard Law School, and Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School. She is Director of Research at the Harvard FXB Center for Health and Human Rights. Andrzej Mirga is Polish Roma, an ethnologist, analyst, and activist. He chairs the board of the Roma Education Fund (Budapest). Margareta Matache is a Romani scholar and activist from Romania. She is an instructor at the Harvard FXB Center for Health and Human Rights and Director of the Roma Program at Harvard.

"Realizing Roma Rights is a most welcome contribution to the meager world of human rights-based studies of the Roma population . . . The book is well edited and presents a comprehensive picture and analysis of current issues surrounding the Roma, in particular in Eastern and Central Europe. The editors have a deep understanding not only of the human rights dimensions of the condition of the Roma situation, but also of the political, cultural, and historical questions that are important to include in order to fully comprehend the magnitude of the challenges faced and to provide a contribution for purposes of future scenarios for the Roma." (Human Rights Quarterly) "Realizing Roma Rights is an absorbing study . . . [and] a thoughtful and stimulating read. What we learn is that centuries of state-sponsored vilification, criminalisation and marginalisation of the Roma has normalised racism . . . Deep-seated prejudice of this kind does not instantly evaporate when an international body, a government or a court decides that it is no longer acceptable. Change comes slowly . . . This edited book is an important contribution to this understanding." (The International Journal of Human Rights) "Roma history includes accounts of terrible discrimination but must also pay attention to the development of an admirably courageous global community-beautifully combining resistance to imposed disadvantage with instinctive tolerance of different ways of life of others. This splendid collection of essays brings out the richness of the Roma story-what the world owes to this massively disadvantaged group, and, no less important, what the world has to learn from the global culture of this locally defiant community spread across the world." (Amartya Sen, Harvard University) "By juxtaposing European and American Roma experiences, Realizing Roma Rights demonstrates that Roma cannot fight racism and discrimination without strategic allies in both their countries of origin and their adopted homelands and makes clear the need to develop Roma networks that can advocate for human and legal rights in their communities. Anyone working toward achieving rights for Roma, especially those working in European and international commissions, as well as non-governmental organizations, would benefit from reading this book." (Romani Rose, Chairman of the Central Council of German Sinti and Roma)

• Realizing Roma Rights: An IntroductionPART I. THE LONG SHADOW OF ANTI- ROMA DISCRIMINATIONChapter 1. Roma Children and Enduring Educational Exclusion in Italy-Elena RozziChapter 2. Toward the Recognition of Critical Race Th eory in Human Rights Law: Roma Women's Reproductive Rights-Alexandra OpreaPART II. THE LONGUE DURÉE: THE HISTORY OF ROMA POLICY AS AN ELEMENT IN U.S. FOREIGN POLICYChapter 3. Policy and Practice: A Case Study of U.S. Foreign Policy Regarding the Situation of Roma in Europe-Erika SchlagerChapter 4. The U.S. Department of State and International Efforts to Promote the Human Rights of Roma-David Meyer and Michael UyeharaPART III. TAKING STOCK OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY: THE IMPACT OF ROMA INCLUSION STRATEGIESChapter 5. A Critical Analysis of Roma Policy and Praxis: The Romanian Case-Margareta Matache and Krista OehlkeChapter 6. Roma Policy in Europe: Results and Challenges-Andrzej MirgaChapter 7. Reconstructing Roma Integration in Central and Eastern Europe: Addressing the Failures of the Last Quarter Century-KÁlmÁn MizseiPART IV. THE ENDURING CHALLENGE OF TACKLING ANTI- ROMA INSTITUTIONAL DISCRIMINATION AND POPULAR RACISM IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSISChapter 8. Anti- Roma Violence, Hate Speech, and Discrimination in the New Europe: Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary-Will GuyChapter 9. The Unfulfi lled Promise of Educational Opportunity in the United States and Europe: From Brown v. Board to D.H. and Beyond-James A. GoldstonPART V. LOOKING FORWARD: THE IMPERATIVE OF ROMA COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION AND LEADERSHIPChapter 10. Making Roma Rights a Reality at the Local Level: A Spanish Case Study-Teresa SordÉ MartÍ and Fernando MacÍasChapter 11. Roma Mobilization and Participation: Obstacles and Opportunities-Peter VermeerschChapter 12. Roma in European Politics, Looking to the Future-David MarkNotesList of ContributorsIndexAcknowledgments