Gregory J. Kelly is Senior Associate Dean for Research, Outreach, and Technology and Distinguished Professor of Education in the College of Education at Pennsylvania State University, USA.Judith L. Green is Professor Emeritus of Education at the University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.

"Kelly and Green have developed insights and research methods to examine classroom discourse, and the book structure, organized around eight chapters illustrating specific methods, gives it an innovative nature, while the rigour and depth of the contributions anticipate that it will soon become a classic."--From the Foreword by María Pilar Jiménez-Aleixandre, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain"The text provides a unique opportunity to understand the combination of research lenses, tools, and decision-making when using large-scale video and qualitative data sets. The contributions include rigorous grounding in sociocultural traditions coupled with cutting edge of considerations of contemporary science and engineering learning settings."-- Heidi Carlone, Hooks Distinguished Professor of STEM Education, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro

• List of Figures List of Contributors Forward: Meeting Methodological Challenges 1. Framing Issues of theory and methods for the study of science and engineering education 2. Making science and gender in kindergarten 3. Multimodal analysis of decision making in elementary engineering 4. Translanguaging about socioscientific issues in middle school science 5. Learning through improvement from failure in elementary engineering design projects 6. An Interactional Ethnography Perspective to Analyze Informal Formative Assessments (IFAs) to Build Epistemic and Conceptual Coherence in Science Learning 7. Emotional discourse as constructed in environmental science 8. Discourse of professional pedagogical vision in teacher education 9. Analyzing the generative nature of science teachers’ professional development discourse 10. Commentary: Constructing transparency in designing and conducting multilayered research in science and engineering education: Potentials and challenges of ethnographically informed discourse-based methodologies 11. Commentary: Research methods for the advancement of possibility knowledge and practice in science and engineering education Appendix A: How we look at discourse: Definitions of sociolinguistic units