Benjamin H. Johnson is Associate Professor of History and Associate Director of the Clements Center for Southwest Studies at Southern Methodist University. He is the author of Bordertown: The Odyssey of an American Place and Revolution in Texas: How a Forgotten Rebellion and Its Bloody Suppression Turned Mexicans into Americans.Andrew R. Graybill is Associate Professor of History at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. He is the author of Policing the Great Plains: Rangers, Mounties, and the North American Frontier, 1875–1910.

“Johnson and Graybill have done an amazing job bringing the study of the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican borderlands into one volume.” - Elliott Young, Journal of American History “This top-quality and thought-provoking study, in the reviewer’s opinion, will become required reading in borderland courses.” - Dirk Hoerder, Canadian Historical Review “All of the offerings in this collection reflect skillful exposition, thoughtful analysis, and careful scholarship. Representing a broad range of topics from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, they provide a solid foundation and point of departure for further research in an area of intellectual inquiry that should become an increasingly important focus of attention of scholars in the future.” - Michael M. Smith, Southwestern Historical Quarterly “A continental approach to transnational history, or the historians respond to NAFTA! These highly engaging original essays by emerging scholars tell new stories or re-cast old ones about the US-Mexico and US-Canada borderlands and border-making. Borderland studies of the north and the south presented in one volume facilitates cross-fertilization across previously isolated fields of inquiry, and illuminates the possibility of an integrated and comprehensive approach to the study of North America’s past beyond the familiar national histories of the three nation-states. These essays go a long way towards breaking down US-centric narratives about relationships with their political neighbors; they compel us to continue to seek out Canadian and Mexican perspectives on the fact and concept of living on and across the borders.”-Evelyn Hu-DeHart, Brown University “These essays stand at the cutting edge of historical scholarship about the borders that are at the edges of nations. Bringing into conversation and comparison the U.S.-Mexico and U.S.-Canada boundaries, this splendid collection offers a new approach to the nation-states of North America by showing us how to think across borders and beyond nations.”-Stephen Aron, UCLA “All of the offerings in this collection reflect skillful exposition, thoughtful analysis, and careful scholarship. Representing a broad range of topics from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, they provide a solid foundation and point of departure for further research in an area of intellectual inquiry that should become an increasingly important focus of attention of scholars in the future.” - Michael M. Smith (Southwestern Historical Quarterly) “Johnson and Graybill have done an amazing job bringing the study of the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican borderlands into one volume.” - Elliott Young (Journal of American History) “This top-quality and thought-provoking study, in the reviewer’s opinion, will become required reading in borderland courses.” - Dirk Hoerder (Canadian Historical Review)

• Acknowledgments ixIntroduction: Borders and Their Historians in North America / Benjamin H. Johnson and Andrew R. Graybill 1Part I. Peoples In Between Conflict and Cooperation in the Making of Texas-Mexico Border Society, 1840–1880 / Miguel Ángel GonzÁlez Quiroga 33Between Race and Nation: The Creation of a MÉtis Borderland on the Northern Plains, 1850–1900 / Michel Hogue 59Part II. Environmental Control and State-Making Epidemics, Indians, and Border-Making in the Nineteenth-Century Pacific Northwest / Jennifer Seltz 91Divided Ranges: Trans-border Ranches and the Creation of National Space along the Western Mexico-U.S. Border / Rachel St. John 116The Scales of Salmon: Diplomacy and Conservation in the Western Canada-U.S. Borderlands / Lissa Wadewitz 141Part III. Border Enforcement and Contestation Crossing the Line: The INS and the Federal Regulation of the Mexican Border / S. Deborah Kang 167Caught in the Gap: The Transit Privilege and North America's Ambiguous Borders / Andrea Geiger 199Part IV. Border Representation and National Identity The Welcoming Voice of the Southland: American Tourism across the U.S.-Mexico Border, 1880–1940 / Catherine Cocks 225Projecting the In-Between: Cinematic Representations of National Borders in North America, 1908–1940 / Dominique BrÉgent-Heald 249Glass Curtains and Storied Landscapes: The Fur Trade, National Boundaries, and Historians / Bethel Saler and Carolyn Podruchny 275Bibliography 303Contributors 351Index 353

Benjamin H. Johnson is Associate Professor of History and Associate Director of the Clements Center for Southwest Studies at Southern Methodist University. He is the author of Bordertown: The Odyssey of an American Place and Revolution in Texas: How a Forgotten Rebellion and Its Bloody Suppression Turned Mexicans into Americans.Andrew R. Graybill is Associate Professor of History at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. He is the author of Policing the Great Plains: Rangers, Mounties, and the North American Frontier, 1875–1910.

“Johnson and Graybill have done an amazing job bringing the study of the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican borderlands into one volume.” - Elliott Young, Journal of American History “This top-quality and thought-provoking study, in the reviewer’s opinion, will become required reading in borderland courses.” - Dirk Hoerder, Canadian Historical Review “All of the offerings in this collection reflect skillful exposition, thoughtful analysis, and careful scholarship. Representing a broad range of topics from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, they provide a solid foundation and point of departure for further research in an area of intellectual inquiry that should become an increasingly important focus of attention of scholars in the future.” - Michael M. Smith, Southwestern Historical Quarterly “A continental approach to transnational history, or the historians respond to NAFTA! These highly engaging original essays by emerging scholars tell new stories or re-cast old ones about the US-Mexico and US-Canada borderlands and border-making. Borderland studies of the north and the south presented in one volume facilitates cross-fertilization across previously isolated fields of inquiry, and illuminates the possibility of an integrated and comprehensive approach to the study of North America’s past beyond the familiar national histories of the three nation-states. These essays go a long way towards breaking down US-centric narratives about relationships with their political neighbors; they compel us to continue to seek out Canadian and Mexican perspectives on the fact and concept of living on and across the borders.”-Evelyn Hu-DeHart, Brown University “These essays stand at the cutting edge of historical scholarship about the borders that are at the edges of nations. Bringing into conversation and comparison the U.S.-Mexico and U.S.-Canada boundaries, this splendid collection offers a new approach to the nation-states of North America by showing us how to think across borders and beyond nations.”-Stephen Aron, UCLA “All of the offerings in this collection reflect skillful exposition, thoughtful analysis, and careful scholarship. Representing a broad range of topics from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, they provide a solid foundation and point of departure for further research in an area of intellectual inquiry that should become an increasingly important focus of attention of scholars in the future.” - Michael M. Smith (Southwestern Historical Quarterly) “Johnson and Graybill have done an amazing job bringing the study of the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican borderlands into one volume.” - Elliott Young (Journal of American History) “This top-quality and thought-provoking study, in the reviewer’s opinion, will become required reading in borderland courses.” - Dirk Hoerder (Canadian Historical Review)

• Acknowledgments ixIntroduction: Borders and Their Historians in North America / Benjamin H. Johnson and Andrew R. Graybill 1Part I. Peoples In Between Conflict and Cooperation in the Making of Texas-Mexico Border Society, 1840–1880 / Miguel Ángel GonzÁlez Quiroga 33Between Race and Nation: The Creation of a MÉtis Borderland on the Northern Plains, 1850–1900 / Michel Hogue 59Part II. Environmental Control and State-Making Epidemics, Indians, and Border-Making in the Nineteenth-Century Pacific Northwest / Jennifer Seltz 91Divided Ranges: Trans-border Ranches and the Creation of National Space along the Western Mexico-U.S. Border / Rachel St. John 116The Scales of Salmon: Diplomacy and Conservation in the Western Canada-U.S. Borderlands / Lissa Wadewitz 141Part III. Border Enforcement and Contestation Crossing the Line: The INS and the Federal Regulation of the Mexican Border / S. Deborah Kang 167Caught in the Gap: The Transit Privilege and North America's Ambiguous Borders / Andrea Geiger 199Part IV. Border Representation and National Identity The Welcoming Voice of the Southland: American Tourism across the U.S.-Mexico Border, 1880–1940 / Catherine Cocks 225Projecting the In-Between: Cinematic Representations of National Borders in North America, 1908–1940 / Dominique BrÉgent-Heald 249Glass Curtains and Storied Landscapes: The Fur Trade, National Boundaries, and Historians / Bethel Saler and Carolyn Podruchny 275Bibliography 303Contributors 351Index 353

Benjamin H. Johnson is Associate Professor of History and Associate Director of the Clements Center for Southwest Studies at Southern Methodist University. He is the author of Bordertown: The Odyssey of an American Place and Revolution in Texas: How a Forgotten Rebellion and Its Bloody Suppression Turned Mexicans into Americans.Andrew R. Graybill is Associate Professor of History at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. He is the author of Policing the Great Plains: Rangers, Mounties, and the North American Frontier, 1875–1910.

“Johnson and Graybill have done an amazing job bringing the study of the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican borderlands into one volume.” - Elliott Young, Journal of American History “This top-quality and thought-provoking study, in the reviewer’s opinion, will become required reading in borderland courses.” - Dirk Hoerder, Canadian Historical Review “All of the offerings in this collection reflect skillful exposition, thoughtful analysis, and careful scholarship. Representing a broad range of topics from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, they provide a solid foundation and point of departure for further research in an area of intellectual inquiry that should become an increasingly important focus of attention of scholars in the future.” - Michael M. Smith, Southwestern Historical Quarterly “A continental approach to transnational history, or the historians respond to NAFTA! These highly engaging original essays by emerging scholars tell new stories or re-cast old ones about the US-Mexico and US-Canada borderlands and border-making. Borderland studies of the north and the south presented in one volume facilitates cross-fertilization across previously isolated fields of inquiry, and illuminates the possibility of an integrated and comprehensive approach to the study of North America’s past beyond the familiar national histories of the three nation-states. These essays go a long way towards breaking down US-centric narratives about relationships with their political neighbors; they compel us to continue to seek out Canadian and Mexican perspectives on the fact and concept of living on and across the borders.”-Evelyn Hu-DeHart, Brown University “These essays stand at the cutting edge of historical scholarship about the borders that are at the edges of nations. Bringing into conversation and comparison the U.S.-Mexico and U.S.-Canada boundaries, this splendid collection offers a new approach to the nation-states of North America by showing us how to think across borders and beyond nations.”-Stephen Aron, UCLA “All of the offerings in this collection reflect skillful exposition, thoughtful analysis, and careful scholarship. Representing a broad range of topics from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, they provide a solid foundation and point of departure for further research in an area of intellectual inquiry that should become an increasingly important focus of attention of scholars in the future.” - Michael M. Smith (Southwestern Historical Quarterly) “Johnson and Graybill have done an amazing job bringing the study of the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican borderlands into one volume.” - Elliott Young (Journal of American History) “This top-quality and thought-provoking study, in the reviewer’s opinion, will become required reading in borderland courses.” - Dirk Hoerder (Canadian Historical Review)

• Acknowledgments ixIntroduction: Borders and Their Historians in North America / Benjamin H. Johnson and Andrew R. Graybill 1Part I. Peoples In Between Conflict and Cooperation in the Making of Texas-Mexico Border Society, 1840–1880 / Miguel Ángel GonzÁlez Quiroga 33Between Race and Nation: The Creation of a MÉtis Borderland on the Northern Plains, 1850–1900 / Michel Hogue 59Part II. Environmental Control and State-Making Epidemics, Indians, and Border-Making in the Nineteenth-Century Pacific Northwest / Jennifer Seltz 91Divided Ranges: Trans-border Ranches and the Creation of National Space along the Western Mexico-U.S. Border / Rachel St. John 116The Scales of Salmon: Diplomacy and Conservation in the Western Canada-U.S. Borderlands / Lissa Wadewitz 141Part III. Border Enforcement and Contestation Crossing the Line: The INS and the Federal Regulation of the Mexican Border / S. Deborah Kang 167Caught in the Gap: The Transit Privilege and North America's Ambiguous Borders / Andrea Geiger 199Part IV. Border Representation and National Identity The Welcoming Voice of the Southland: American Tourism across the U.S.-Mexico Border, 1880–1940 / Catherine Cocks 225Projecting the In-Between: Cinematic Representations of National Borders in North America, 1908–1940 / Dominique BrÉgent-Heald 249Glass Curtains and Storied Landscapes: The Fur Trade, National Boundaries, and Historians / Bethel Saler and Carolyn Podruchny 275Bibliography 303Contributors 351Index 353