Geoffrey Pridham is professor of politics at the University of Bristol.

• Theory of regime change and multiple transformation; historical determinants of democratisation; non-democratic regimes, de-consolidation and authoritarian breakdown; formal regime change, the constitutional dimension ad institutional design; political and non-political actors, their interlinkages and roles instate and society; [policy, performance, economic transformation and democratisation; civil society, political culture and democratisation; stateness, national identity and regime change; the international environment and democratisation.