Gender in Primary and Secondary Education

Ramya Subrahmanian is a former Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex, UK, and is currently Social Policy Specialist at UNICEF India

'The approach adopted by the author is particularly robust and welcomed...' - Africa Education Review, Volume 5(2) 2008. 'Based on global trends, her book is an important contribution for policy makers on gender mainstreaming in education and will be useful to those interested in gender and education.' - Gender and Education, Vol. 21, No. 2, March 2009. 'This book is a welcome contribution to the literature on gender education. The content is not new but the treatment of the issues is intelligent and layered and helps to challenge attempts to over-simplify the causes of or standardise the responses to gender inequities.' - Compare: A journal of comparative education, Volume 38, Issue 5, October 2008. 'Backed up with a span of concrete examples covering both gaps and proposed strategies, the reasoning develops into a groundbreaking policy approach to equality in education.' - Equals, Issue 20, April 2008. 'It is interesting and thought provoking to read and provides a useful set of starting points for developing critical debate.' - ESCalate. 'This book is a welcome contribution to the literature on gender education. The content is not new but the treatment of the issues is intelligent and layered and helps to challenge attempts to over-simplify the causes of or standardise the responses to gender inequities.' - Compare: A journal of comparative education, Volume 38, Issue 5 October 2008, pages 647 - 649 'Backed up with a span of concrete examples covering both gaps and proposed strategies, the reasoning develops into a groundbreaking policy approach to equality in education.' - Equals, Issue 20, April 2008 'It is interesting and thought provoking to read and provides a useful set of starting points for developing critical debate.' - ESCalate 'The approach adopted by the author is particularly robust and welcomed...' - Africa Education Review, Volume 5(2) 2008

• Foreword Abbreviations Executive Summary 1. Gender, Education and Development Achievements and Gaps Why Paying Attention to Gender and Education is Important Conclusion 2. Reframing the Education Policy Discourse: Rights, Capabilities and Empowerment Gender Equality in Education: Framing a Substantive Approach Widening the Scope of Gender and Education Interventions: Towards a Rights-based Approach Conclusion 3. The Gendered Construction of the Demand for Girls' Education Gender Inequalities and Education Structural Determinants of Female Disadvantage in Education Reproduction of Labour and its Relationship with Schooling Conclusion 4. Supply-side Constraints on Girls' Schooling Reproducing Society through the Education System The Schooling Experience: Gender-based Violence Teachers as Shapers of Gender Equality The 'Hidden Curriculum' Boys and Girls in the Classroom: Gender Inequalities and Learning Outcomes Policy Issues Conclusion 5. Policies and Programmes for Promoting Gender-equitable Schooling Lessons from Experience Conclusion 6. Institutional Transformation and Gender Mainstreaming in Education Why Gender Mainstreaming? Defining Gender Mainstreaming Strategies for Mainstreaming Gender Equality Mainstreaming Gender in the New International Aid Architecture Conclusion References Index