Cenk Saracoglu teaches Political Science and International Relations at the Middle East Technical University, North Cyprus Campus.

• Chapter 1: IntroductionChapter 2: Ethnographic Fieldwork and Methodological Considerations2.1 The Stage of Exploratory Research2.1.1 An Overview of the Historical Transformation of Urban Life in Izmir2.1.2 Exploratory Interviews2.2 The Stage of In-Depth Interviews2.3 The Stage of Analysis and Interpretation2.4 Study Limitations2.5 Reducing the Role of Bias in the ResearchChapter 3: Clarifying the Research Object: Exclusive Recognition3.1 The Subjects of the Ethnicization: Middle-class Izmirlis3.2 The Object of the Ethnicization: Kurdish Migrants of the last 25 years3.3 The Content of the Ethnicization3.3.1 'Ignorant and Cultureless'3.3.2 'Benefit Scroungers'3.3.3 'Disrupters of Urban Life'3.3.4 'Invaders'3.3.5 Separatists3.4 The Research Object in its full sense: 'Exclusive Recognition'Chapter 4: The Historical Specificity of 'Exclusive Recognition'4.1 The Kurds and Kurdishness in the Official Discourse of the State4.1.1 Representation of the Kurds in the Discourse of the Ottoman State4.1.2 The Kurds in the Eyes of the Resistance Movement4.1.3 The Kurds in the Discourse of the Modern Turkish State4.2 Exclusive Recognition: Is it the Discourse of a Mass Political OrganizationChapter 5: Urban Everyday Life: The Locus of Exclusive Recognition5.1 The Concept of Urban Everyday Life5.2 The Formation of Exclusive Recognition in Urban Everyday LifeChapter 6: National-Level Dynamics and the Social Life in Turkish Cities6.1 Neoliberalism as a New Regime of Capital Accumulation6.1.1 Turkey's Experiment with Neoliberalism6.1.2 The Transition to Neoliberalism in Turkey6.1.3 Social Outcomes of Neoliberal Transformation in Turkey6.2 The Political and Military Conflict in Eastern Anatolia6.3 The Exodus from Eastern Anatolia6.3.1 Economic Impoverishment, Regional Insecurity and Migration6.4 Conclusion: Three Sets of Processes in Light of Three National DynamicsChapter 7: The Recognition of 'Kurdish Migrants'7.1 The Recognition and Separation in Urban Everyday Life7.1.1 The Socio-Economic Separation7.1.2 Spatial Separation7.2 The Recognition of the 'Kurdish' in the Urban Space7.3 ConclusionChapter 8: Excluding the Recognized8.1 'Benefit Scroungers'8.2 'Ignorant and Cultureless'8.3 'Invaders'8.4 'Separatists' (Bölücü)8.5 'Disrupters of Urban Life'8.6 ConclusionChapter 9: The Reinforcement of Exclusive Recognition9.1 The Hegemony of the Neoliberal Project and Decline of Labour Politics9.2 The Outcomes of the American Occupation in Iraq9.2.1 Kurdish Nationalism after the American Occupation9.2.2 The Media Representations of the Political Turmoil in Iraq9.3 ConclusionChapter 10: Exclusive Recognition: An Ideology10.1 The Materiality of Exclusive Recognition as an Ideology10.2 The Partiality and Falsity of Exclusive Recognition as an Ideology10.3 Conclusion: What Kind of Ideology is Exclusive Recognition?Chapter 11: Conclusion

Cenk Saracoglu teaches Political Science and International Relations at the Middle East Technical University, North Cyprus Campus.

• Chapter 1: IntroductionChapter 2: Ethnographic Fieldwork and Methodological Considerations2.1 The Stage of Exploratory Research2.1.1 An Overview of the Historical Transformation of Urban Life in Izmir2.1.2 Exploratory Interviews2.2 The Stage of In-Depth Interviews2.3 The Stage of Analysis and Interpretation2.4 Study Limitations2.5 Reducing the Role of Bias in the ResearchChapter 3: Clarifying the Research Object: Exclusive Recognition3.1 The Subjects of the Ethnicization: Middle-class Izmirlis3.2 The Object of the Ethnicization: Kurdish Migrants of the last 25 years3.3 The Content of the Ethnicization3.3.1 'Ignorant and Cultureless'3.3.2 'Benefit Scroungers'3.3.3 'Disrupters of Urban Life'3.3.4 'Invaders'3.3.5 Separatists3.4 The Research Object in its full sense: 'Exclusive Recognition'Chapter 4: The Historical Specificity of 'Exclusive Recognition'4.1 The Kurds and Kurdishness in the Official Discourse of the State4.1.1 Representation of the Kurds in the Discourse of the Ottoman State4.1.2 The Kurds in the Eyes of the Resistance Movement4.1.3 The Kurds in the Discourse of the Modern Turkish State4.2 Exclusive Recognition: Is it the Discourse of a Mass Political OrganizationChapter 5: Urban Everyday Life: The Locus of Exclusive Recognition5.1 The Concept of Urban Everyday Life5.2 The Formation of Exclusive Recognition in Urban Everyday LifeChapter 6: National-Level Dynamics and the Social Life in Turkish Cities6.1 Neoliberalism as a New Regime of Capital Accumulation6.1.1 Turkey's Experiment with Neoliberalism6.1.2 The Transition to Neoliberalism in Turkey6.1.3 Social Outcomes of Neoliberal Transformation in Turkey6.2 The Political and Military Conflict in Eastern Anatolia6.3 The Exodus from Eastern Anatolia6.3.1 Economic Impoverishment, Regional Insecurity and Migration6.4 Conclusion: Three Sets of Processes in Light of Three National DynamicsChapter 7: The Recognition of 'Kurdish Migrants'7.1 The Recognition and Separation in Urban Everyday Life7.1.1 The Socio-Economic Separation7.1.2 Spatial Separation7.2 The Recognition of the 'Kurdish' in the Urban Space7.3 ConclusionChapter 8: Excluding the Recognized8.1 'Benefit Scroungers'8.2 'Ignorant and Cultureless'8.3 'Invaders'8.4 'Separatists' (Bölücü)8.5 'Disrupters of Urban Life'8.6 ConclusionChapter 9: The Reinforcement of Exclusive Recognition9.1 The Hegemony of the Neoliberal Project and Decline of Labour Politics9.2 The Outcomes of the American Occupation in Iraq9.2.1 Kurdish Nationalism after the American Occupation9.2.2 The Media Representations of the Political Turmoil in Iraq9.3 ConclusionChapter 10: Exclusive Recognition: An Ideology10.1 The Materiality of Exclusive Recognition as an Ideology10.2 The Partiality and Falsity of Exclusive Recognition as an Ideology10.3 Conclusion: What Kind of Ideology is Exclusive Recognition?Chapter 11: Conclusion

Cenk Saracoglu teaches Political Science and International Relations at the Middle East Technical University, North Cyprus Campus.

• Chapter 1: IntroductionChapter 2: Ethnographic Fieldwork and Methodological Considerations2.1 The Stage of Exploratory Research2.1.1 An Overview of the Historical Transformation of Urban Life in Izmir2.1.2 Exploratory Interviews2.2 The Stage of In-Depth Interviews2.3 The Stage of Analysis and Interpretation2.4 Study Limitations2.5 Reducing the Role of Bias in the ResearchChapter 3: Clarifying the Research Object: Exclusive Recognition3.1 The Subjects of the Ethnicization: Middle-class Izmirlis3.2 The Object of the Ethnicization: Kurdish Migrants of the last 25 years3.3 The Content of the Ethnicization3.3.1 'Ignorant and Cultureless'3.3.2 'Benefit Scroungers'3.3.3 'Disrupters of Urban Life'3.3.4 'Invaders'3.3.5 Separatists3.4 The Research Object in its full sense: 'Exclusive Recognition'Chapter 4: The Historical Specificity of 'Exclusive Recognition'4.1 The Kurds and Kurdishness in the Official Discourse of the State4.1.1 Representation of the Kurds in the Discourse of the Ottoman State4.1.2 The Kurds in the Eyes of the Resistance Movement4.1.3 The Kurds in the Discourse of the Modern Turkish State4.2 Exclusive Recognition: Is it the Discourse of a Mass Political OrganizationChapter 5: Urban Everyday Life: The Locus of Exclusive Recognition5.1 The Concept of Urban Everyday Life5.2 The Formation of Exclusive Recognition in Urban Everyday LifeChapter 6: National-Level Dynamics and the Social Life in Turkish Cities6.1 Neoliberalism as a New Regime of Capital Accumulation6.1.1 Turkey's Experiment with Neoliberalism6.1.2 The Transition to Neoliberalism in Turkey6.1.3 Social Outcomes of Neoliberal Transformation in Turkey6.2 The Political and Military Conflict in Eastern Anatolia6.3 The Exodus from Eastern Anatolia6.3.1 Economic Impoverishment, Regional Insecurity and Migration6.4 Conclusion: Three Sets of Processes in Light of Three National DynamicsChapter 7: The Recognition of 'Kurdish Migrants'7.1 The Recognition and Separation in Urban Everyday Life7.1.1 The Socio-Economic Separation7.1.2 Spatial Separation7.2 The Recognition of the 'Kurdish' in the Urban Space7.3 ConclusionChapter 8: Excluding the Recognized8.1 'Benefit Scroungers'8.2 'Ignorant and Cultureless'8.3 'Invaders'8.4 'Separatists' (Bölücü)8.5 'Disrupters of Urban Life'8.6 ConclusionChapter 9: The Reinforcement of Exclusive Recognition9.1 The Hegemony of the Neoliberal Project and Decline of Labour Politics9.2 The Outcomes of the American Occupation in Iraq9.2.1 Kurdish Nationalism after the American Occupation9.2.2 The Media Representations of the Political Turmoil in Iraq9.3 ConclusionChapter 10: Exclusive Recognition: An Ideology10.1 The Materiality of Exclusive Recognition as an Ideology10.2 The Partiality and Falsity of Exclusive Recognition as an Ideology10.3 Conclusion: What Kind of Ideology is Exclusive Recognition?Chapter 11: Conclusion