JOHN C. BAILAR is a professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at McGill University. His primary professional interests focus on uncertainty in scientific inference and risk assessment. In 1990 he was awarded a MacArthur fellowship.JACK NEEDLEMAN is currently a fellow at the Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, He previously was vice president and co-director of the public policy practice at Lewin and Associates, a Washington, D.C. health policy and consulting firm.BARBARA L. BERNEY, a Pew health policy fellow, is a project director in the Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University. Her principal professional interests include community strategies for abating environmental health hazards and national health reform.J. MICHAEL McGINNIS is assistant surgeon general and director of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. He also served as chair of the Departmental Task Force on Health Risk Assessment, which produced the report Determining Risks to Health: Federal Policy and Practice (Auburn House, 1986).

• Introduction Introduction The Role of Risk Assessment in Agency Activities Case Studies Ethylene Dibromide (EDB) Formaldehyde (HCHO) Tris (2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate Dioxin in Missouri Reproductive Effects of Lead Cotton Dust Noise Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer Dietary Fat and Cancer Use of Mammography for Breast Cancer Screening Analysis of the Risk Assessments Setting Priorities for Risk Assessment Evaluating Carcinogenic Risk Evaluating Non-Carcinogenic Risks Comparison of Methods in Assessing Carcinogenic and Other Risks Relating Risk Assessment to Risk Management Index

JOHN C. BAILAR is a professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at McGill University. His primary professional interests focus on uncertainty in scientific inference and risk assessment. In 1990 he was awarded a MacArthur fellowship.JACK NEEDLEMAN is currently a fellow at the Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, He previously was vice president and co-director of the public policy practice at Lewin and Associates, a Washington, D.C. health policy and consulting firm.BARBARA L. BERNEY, a Pew health policy fellow, is a project director in the Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University. Her principal professional interests include community strategies for abating environmental health hazards and national health reform.J. MICHAEL McGINNIS is assistant surgeon general and director of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. He also served as chair of the Departmental Task Force on Health Risk Assessment, which produced the report Determining Risks to Health: Federal Policy and Practice (Auburn House, 1986).

• Introduction Introduction The Role of Risk Assessment in Agency Activities Case Studies Ethylene Dibromide (EDB) Formaldehyde (HCHO) Tris (2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate Dioxin in Missouri Reproductive Effects of Lead Cotton Dust Noise Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer Dietary Fat and Cancer Use of Mammography for Breast Cancer Screening Analysis of the Risk Assessments Setting Priorities for Risk Assessment Evaluating Carcinogenic Risk Evaluating Non-Carcinogenic Risks Comparison of Methods in Assessing Carcinogenic and Other Risks Relating Risk Assessment to Risk Management Index

JOHN C. BAILAR is a professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at McGill University. His primary professional interests focus on uncertainty in scientific inference and risk assessment. In 1990 he was awarded a MacArthur fellowship.JACK NEEDLEMAN is currently a fellow at the Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, He previously was vice president and co-director of the public policy practice at Lewin and Associates, a Washington, D.C. health policy and consulting firm.BARBARA L. BERNEY, a Pew health policy fellow, is a project director in the Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University. Her principal professional interests include community strategies for abating environmental health hazards and national health reform.J. MICHAEL McGINNIS is assistant surgeon general and director of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. He also served as chair of the Departmental Task Force on Health Risk Assessment, which produced the report Determining Risks to Health: Federal Policy and Practice (Auburn House, 1986).

• Introduction Introduction The Role of Risk Assessment in Agency Activities Case Studies Ethylene Dibromide (EDB) Formaldehyde (HCHO) Tris (2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate Dioxin in Missouri Reproductive Effects of Lead Cotton Dust Noise Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer Dietary Fat and Cancer Use of Mammography for Breast Cancer Screening Analysis of the Risk Assessments Setting Priorities for Risk Assessment Evaluating Carcinogenic Risk Evaluating Non-Carcinogenic Risks Comparison of Methods in Assessing Carcinogenic and Other Risks Relating Risk Assessment to Risk Management Index