JOHN DORNBERG is a foreign correspondent, magazine writer, and author who has been writing about Germany, Eastern Europe, and the Soviet Union for more than 30 years. A former bureau chief and correspondent of Newsweek in Bonn, Vienna, Moscow, and Munich, he has been freelancing from his base in Munich since 1973. Dornberg is the author of 11 books, including the highly acclaimed Eastern Europe: A Communist Kaleidoscope, The Two Germanys, and The Soviet Union Today. He is also the author of Central and Eastern Europe from Oryx Press.

• CONTENTSList of Maps vPreface viiPart 1: The Region 1CHAPTER 1: Miracles and Nightmares 3The Miracle of 1989 3The Nightmare of the 1990s 5The Communist System in Eastern EuropeEconomic Changes After 1989 9Revival of the Ex-Communists 12Ethnic Violence and Nationalism 13CHAPTER 2: A Jigsaw Puzzle Map 16CHAPTER 3: The Peoples: An Ethnic Pressure Cooker 20Communism and Nationalism 22Nationalism in the Soviet Union 23The Breakups of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia 25Other Ethnic Conflics in the Region 27Common Outcasts: The Jews and the Gypsies 29Religious Conflicts 33National Pride and Symbols 34Border Changes 35CHAPTER 4: The Living Past 37Greek and Roman Times 37Common Influences and Experiences 40The Slavs 41The Bulgars and Magyars 42Medieval Empires of Eastern Europe 43CHAPTER 5: 1918-1993: Seventy-Five Years on a Roller Coaster 48Consequences of World War IImpact of World War IIRevolutions That Weren't 52Socialism Versus Communism 56&#34People's Democracies" 57Voodo Economics 60Time for a Change 62CHAPTER 6: From Straitjackets to Jackets--Political Change 64CHAPTER 7: The Rocky Road to Prosperity--Economic Change 68CHAPTER 8: The Whirlpool of Social Change 72Rising Crime 73Enviromental Mess 74Setbacks for Women 76Migration Problem 7CHAPTER 9: Dangers from the Past 80Rise of Neo-Fascism 80CHAPTER 10: Westward, Ho! Eastward, Whoa! 88Part 2: The Countries 93CHAPTER 11: Poland 95Statistical Profile 95History Before 1918 96History: 1918-1993 100Political Development of the 1990s 107Economy Since 1989 108CHAPTER 12: The Czech Republic and Slovakia 111Statistical Profiles 111Common History Before 1918 114History of Czechoslovakia: 1918-1993 117Political Developments of the 1990s 142Economy Since 1989 144CHAPTER 14: Romania 146Statistical Profile 146History Before 1918 147History: 1918-1993 151Political Developments of the 1990s 156Economy Since 1989 157CHAPTER 15: Bulgaria 159Statistical Profile 159History Before 1918 161History: 1918-1993 151Political Developments of the 1990s 166Economy Since 1989 167CHAPTER 16: The South Slav Countries--Former Yugoslavia 169Statistical Profiles 169History Before 1918 177History: 1918-1993 183Political Developments of the 1990s 189Economy Since 1989 204Glossary 206Additional Reading 213Index 217

JOHN DORNBERG is a foreign correspondent, magazine writer, and author who has been writing about Germany, Eastern Europe, and the Soviet Union for more than 30 years. A former bureau chief and correspondent of Newsweek in Bonn, Vienna, Moscow, and Munich, he has been freelancing from his base in Munich since 1973. Dornberg is the author of 11 books, including the highly acclaimed Eastern Europe: A Communist Kaleidoscope, The Two Germanys, and The Soviet Union Today. He is also the author of Central and Eastern Europe from Oryx Press.

• CONTENTSList of Maps vPreface viiPart 1: The Region 1CHAPTER 1: Miracles and Nightmares 3The Miracle of 1989 3The Nightmare of the 1990s 5The Communist System in Eastern EuropeEconomic Changes After 1989 9Revival of the Ex-Communists 12Ethnic Violence and Nationalism 13CHAPTER 2: A Jigsaw Puzzle Map 16CHAPTER 3: The Peoples: An Ethnic Pressure Cooker 20Communism and Nationalism 22Nationalism in the Soviet Union 23The Breakups of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia 25Other Ethnic Conflics in the Region 27Common Outcasts: The Jews and the Gypsies 29Religious Conflicts 33National Pride and Symbols 34Border Changes 35CHAPTER 4: The Living Past 37Greek and Roman Times 37Common Influences and Experiences 40The Slavs 41The Bulgars and Magyars 42Medieval Empires of Eastern Europe 43CHAPTER 5: 1918-1993: Seventy-Five Years on a Roller Coaster 48Consequences of World War IImpact of World War IIRevolutions That Weren't 52Socialism Versus Communism 56&#34People's Democracies" 57Voodo Economics 60Time for a Change 62CHAPTER 6: From Straitjackets to Jackets--Political Change 64CHAPTER 7: The Rocky Road to Prosperity--Economic Change 68CHAPTER 8: The Whirlpool of Social Change 72Rising Crime 73Enviromental Mess 74Setbacks for Women 76Migration Problem 7CHAPTER 9: Dangers from the Past 80Rise of Neo-Fascism 80CHAPTER 10: Westward, Ho! Eastward, Whoa! 88Part 2: The Countries 93CHAPTER 11: Poland 95Statistical Profile 95History Before 1918 96History: 1918-1993 100Political Development of the 1990s 107Economy Since 1989 108CHAPTER 12: The Czech Republic and Slovakia 111Statistical Profiles 111Common History Before 1918 114History of Czechoslovakia: 1918-1993 117Political Developments of the 1990s 142Economy Since 1989 144CHAPTER 14: Romania 146Statistical Profile 146History Before 1918 147History: 1918-1993 151Political Developments of the 1990s 156Economy Since 1989 157CHAPTER 15: Bulgaria 159Statistical Profile 159History Before 1918 161History: 1918-1993 151Political Developments of the 1990s 166Economy Since 1989 167CHAPTER 16: The South Slav Countries--Former Yugoslavia 169Statistical Profiles 169History Before 1918 177History: 1918-1993 183Political Developments of the 1990s 189Economy Since 1989 204Glossary 206Additional Reading 213Index 217

JOHN DORNBERG is a foreign correspondent, magazine writer, and author who has been writing about Germany, Eastern Europe, and the Soviet Union for more than 30 years. A former bureau chief and correspondent of Newsweek in Bonn, Vienna, Moscow, and Munich, he has been freelancing from his base in Munich since 1973. Dornberg is the author of 11 books, including the highly acclaimed Eastern Europe: A Communist Kaleidoscope, The Two Germanys, and The Soviet Union Today. He is also the author of Central and Eastern Europe from Oryx Press.

• CONTENTSList of Maps vPreface viiPart 1: The Region 1CHAPTER 1: Miracles and Nightmares 3The Miracle of 1989 3The Nightmare of the 1990s 5The Communist System in Eastern EuropeEconomic Changes After 1989 9Revival of the Ex-Communists 12Ethnic Violence and Nationalism 13CHAPTER 2: A Jigsaw Puzzle Map 16CHAPTER 3: The Peoples: An Ethnic Pressure Cooker 20Communism and Nationalism 22Nationalism in the Soviet Union 23The Breakups of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia 25Other Ethnic Conflics in the Region 27Common Outcasts: The Jews and the Gypsies 29Religious Conflicts 33National Pride and Symbols 34Border Changes 35CHAPTER 4: The Living Past 37Greek and Roman Times 37Common Influences and Experiences 40The Slavs 41The Bulgars and Magyars 42Medieval Empires of Eastern Europe 43CHAPTER 5: 1918-1993: Seventy-Five Years on a Roller Coaster 48Consequences of World War IImpact of World War IIRevolutions That Weren't 52Socialism Versus Communism 56&#34People's Democracies" 57Voodo Economics 60Time for a Change 62CHAPTER 6: From Straitjackets to Jackets--Political Change 64CHAPTER 7: The Rocky Road to Prosperity--Economic Change 68CHAPTER 8: The Whirlpool of Social Change 72Rising Crime 73Enviromental Mess 74Setbacks for Women 76Migration Problem 7CHAPTER 9: Dangers from the Past 80Rise of Neo-Fascism 80CHAPTER 10: Westward, Ho! Eastward, Whoa! 88Part 2: The Countries 93CHAPTER 11: Poland 95Statistical Profile 95History Before 1918 96History: 1918-1993 100Political Development of the 1990s 107Economy Since 1989 108CHAPTER 12: The Czech Republic and Slovakia 111Statistical Profiles 111Common History Before 1918 114History of Czechoslovakia: 1918-1993 117Political Developments of the 1990s 142Economy Since 1989 144CHAPTER 14: Romania 146Statistical Profile 146History Before 1918 147History: 1918-1993 151Political Developments of the 1990s 156Economy Since 1989 157CHAPTER 15: Bulgaria 159Statistical Profile 159History Before 1918 161History: 1918-1993 151Political Developments of the 1990s 166Economy Since 1989 167CHAPTER 16: The South Slav Countries--Former Yugoslavia 169Statistical Profiles 169History Before 1918 177History: 1918-1993 183Political Developments of the 1990s 189Economy Since 1989 204Glossary 206Additional Reading 213Index 217