ALAN C. SWEDLUND is Professor and Chairman of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. He co-authored Demographic Anthropology with George Armelagos. Mr. Swedlund has also written a number of articles which have appeared in the Annual Review of Anthropology, the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, the Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, and Human Biology. He is currently researching the relationship between social class and health for an upcoming book.GEORGE J. ARMELAGOS is Professor and Chairman of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Florida, Gainesville. Besides being co-author of Demographic Anthropology, he also co-authored Consuming Passion: The Anthropology of Eating and Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture. He has also written articles for Science, the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, and American Anthropologist. Mr. Armelagos served as President of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists.

• Preface Introduction by Alan C. Swedlund and George J. Armelagos Genetic and Evolutionary Perspectives Genetics and Change by Derek F. Roberts Infectious Disease and Natural Selection in Human Populations: A Critical Reexamination by Catharina Svanborg-Eden and Bruce R. Levin The Detection of Selective Differences in Populations by John A. Barrett Infectious Disease and Evolution of Human Populations: The Example of South American Forest Tribes by Francis L. Black Diabetes in Amerindian Populations: The Dogrib Studies by Emoke J.E Szathmary Transitional Diabetes and Gallstones in Amerindian Peoples: Genes or Environment? by Kenneth M. Weiss Infectious Disease and Nutrition in Temporal Perspective Health and Disease in Prehistoric Populations in Transition by George J. Armelagos Old and New Transitions and Nutrition in Mexico by Luis A. Vargas Infant Mortality in Massachusetts and the United States in the Nineteenth Century by Alan C. Swedlund Historical Epidemiology of Smallpox in Kitee, Finland by L.B. Jorde, K. Pitkanen, J.O. Fellman, and A.W. Eriksson Parasitic Load in South American Tribal Populations by Francisco M. Salzano Mortality and Morbidity Consequences of Variation in Early Child Growth by Jere D. Haas Social Epidemiology Cultural Evolution, Parental Care, and Mortality by Henry C. Harpending, Patricia Draper, and Renee Pennington Assessing the Impact of Environmental Change, with Special Reference to the Role of Urinary Hormones by G.A. Harrison and D.A. Jenner Social Support and Mortality in Post-Transition Populations by Stephen J. Kunitz The Ecology of Kuru by Shirley Lindenbaum Changing Patterns of Disease in India with Special Reference to Child Mortality by Kailash C. Malhotra Agricultural Resources, Community Development, and Early Childhood Mortality in Bangladesh by Barry Edmonston The Education of Women and the Mortality of Children in Bangladesh by Shirley Lindenbaum Conclusion by Alan C. Swedlund and George J. Armelagos Bibliography Index

ALAN C. SWEDLUND is Professor and Chairman of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. He co-authored Demographic Anthropology with George Armelagos. Mr. Swedlund has also written a number of articles which have appeared in the Annual Review of Anthropology, the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, the Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, and Human Biology. He is currently researching the relationship between social class and health for an upcoming book.GEORGE J. ARMELAGOS is Professor and Chairman of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Florida, Gainesville. Besides being co-author of Demographic Anthropology, he also co-authored Consuming Passion: The Anthropology of Eating and Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture. He has also written articles for Science, the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, and American Anthropologist. Mr. Armelagos served as President of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists.

• Preface Introduction by Alan C. Swedlund and George J. Armelagos Genetic and Evolutionary Perspectives Genetics and Change by Derek F. Roberts Infectious Disease and Natural Selection in Human Populations: A Critical Reexamination by Catharina Svanborg-Eden and Bruce R. Levin The Detection of Selective Differences in Populations by John A. Barrett Infectious Disease and Evolution of Human Populations: The Example of South American Forest Tribes by Francis L. Black Diabetes in Amerindian Populations: The Dogrib Studies by Emoke J.E Szathmary Transitional Diabetes and Gallstones in Amerindian Peoples: Genes or Environment? by Kenneth M. Weiss Infectious Disease and Nutrition in Temporal Perspective Health and Disease in Prehistoric Populations in Transition by George J. Armelagos Old and New Transitions and Nutrition in Mexico by Luis A. Vargas Infant Mortality in Massachusetts and the United States in the Nineteenth Century by Alan C. Swedlund Historical Epidemiology of Smallpox in Kitee, Finland by L.B. Jorde, K. Pitkanen, J.O. Fellman, and A.W. Eriksson Parasitic Load in South American Tribal Populations by Francisco M. Salzano Mortality and Morbidity Consequences of Variation in Early Child Growth by Jere D. Haas Social Epidemiology Cultural Evolution, Parental Care, and Mortality by Henry C. Harpending, Patricia Draper, and Renee Pennington Assessing the Impact of Environmental Change, with Special Reference to the Role of Urinary Hormones by G.A. Harrison and D.A. Jenner Social Support and Mortality in Post-Transition Populations by Stephen J. Kunitz The Ecology of Kuru by Shirley Lindenbaum Changing Patterns of Disease in India with Special Reference to Child Mortality by Kailash C. Malhotra Agricultural Resources, Community Development, and Early Childhood Mortality in Bangladesh by Barry Edmonston The Education of Women and the Mortality of Children in Bangladesh by Shirley Lindenbaum Conclusion by Alan C. Swedlund and George J. Armelagos Bibliography Index

ALAN C. SWEDLUND is Professor and Chairman of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. He co-authored Demographic Anthropology with George Armelagos. Mr. Swedlund has also written a number of articles which have appeared in the Annual Review of Anthropology, the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, the Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, and Human Biology. He is currently researching the relationship between social class and health for an upcoming book.GEORGE J. ARMELAGOS is Professor and Chairman of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Florida, Gainesville. Besides being co-author of Demographic Anthropology, he also co-authored Consuming Passion: The Anthropology of Eating and Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture. He has also written articles for Science, the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, and American Anthropologist. Mr. Armelagos served as President of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists.

• Preface Introduction by Alan C. Swedlund and George J. Armelagos Genetic and Evolutionary Perspectives Genetics and Change by Derek F. Roberts Infectious Disease and Natural Selection in Human Populations: A Critical Reexamination by Catharina Svanborg-Eden and Bruce R. Levin The Detection of Selective Differences in Populations by John A. Barrett Infectious Disease and Evolution of Human Populations: The Example of South American Forest Tribes by Francis L. Black Diabetes in Amerindian Populations: The Dogrib Studies by Emoke J.E Szathmary Transitional Diabetes and Gallstones in Amerindian Peoples: Genes or Environment? by Kenneth M. Weiss Infectious Disease and Nutrition in Temporal Perspective Health and Disease in Prehistoric Populations in Transition by George J. Armelagos Old and New Transitions and Nutrition in Mexico by Luis A. Vargas Infant Mortality in Massachusetts and the United States in the Nineteenth Century by Alan C. Swedlund Historical Epidemiology of Smallpox in Kitee, Finland by L.B. Jorde, K. Pitkanen, J.O. Fellman, and A.W. Eriksson Parasitic Load in South American Tribal Populations by Francisco M. Salzano Mortality and Morbidity Consequences of Variation in Early Child Growth by Jere D. Haas Social Epidemiology Cultural Evolution, Parental Care, and Mortality by Henry C. Harpending, Patricia Draper, and Renee Pennington Assessing the Impact of Environmental Change, with Special Reference to the Role of Urinary Hormones by G.A. Harrison and D.A. Jenner Social Support and Mortality in Post-Transition Populations by Stephen J. Kunitz The Ecology of Kuru by Shirley Lindenbaum Changing Patterns of Disease in India with Special Reference to Child Mortality by Kailash C. Malhotra Agricultural Resources, Community Development, and Early Childhood Mortality in Bangladesh by Barry Edmonston The Education of Women and the Mortality of Children in Bangladesh by Shirley Lindenbaum Conclusion by Alan C. Swedlund and George J. Armelagos Bibliography Index