Kene Igweonu is Professor of Creative Education at University of the Arts London, where he is also Pro Vice-Chancellor and Head of London College of Communication. An interdisciplinary researcher, Professor Igweonu has extensive experience of senior academic leadership in immersive and interactive practices and performance practice. His practice research and publication interests are in storytelling, theatre, and performance in Africa and its Diaspora, as well as the Feldenkrais Method in health, wellbeing, and performance training. A champion for arts and creative industries, Professor Igweonu is Chair of DramaHE, Council Member for Creative UK, and until August 2023, President of the African Theatre Association.

The Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance offers welcome insights into established topics and points towards exciting new avenues of research and knowledge production. What I particularly like is its consciously pluralistic scope, and the inclusion of African creatives as part of the scholarly discourse. “African theatre” is constantly remaking itself, and this Handbook is living proof that it will continue to matter.Christine Matzke, University of BayreuthThe impact of colonialism on African theatre is all embracing and overwhelmingly detrimental to the upward surge and growth of theatre in its post-colonial journey. African theatre today would need to put many structures in place for it to enjoy its pride of place in the pantheon of world theatres. All the ‘enabling environments’ that would facilitate the post-colonial life of African theatre are clearly highlighted and superbly discussed in the Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance. I therefore roundly recommend the book to anyone who is irrevocably committed to seeing the new dawn of post-colonial and renascent African performing art experiences.Peter Badejo, OBEIn bringing together this eclectic range of essays that cover different areas and traditions of theatre and performance in Africa and its diasporas, Kene Igweonu’s Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance shines an insightful light on both the heritage and the more recent research and scholarship on African theatre traditions and practices. In doing so, the book offers fresh understandings of what constitutes African theatre and performance, the many directions African theatre has taken and continues to take, and the need for these theatres and performances to be studied and understood in their own terms, and never by the frameworks of other traditions.Osita Okagbue, Professor of Theatre and Performance, Goldsmiths, University of London

• 1. Introduction Part 1 – Colonial and Postcolonial Theatre 2. ‘Local Heritage in North African Theatre: Between Cultural Renewal and Identity Politics’ 3. ‘Ritualistic Performances in Cameroon’ 4. ‘The Dùndún Drumming Tradition and the Colonising Missionaries’ 5. ‘The Emblematic Legacy of Robert Serumaga’s Abafumi (Storytellers) Theatre Company’ 6. ‘Sony Labou Tansi’s Theatre for a New Humanity’ 7. ‘The Intermittent Rise of Angolan Theatre’ 8. ‘Lost History of Music for Self-delectation: Tracing Malawi’s Moribund Performance Genres’ 9. ‘Reconfiguring Postcolonial Cultural Policy: Impetus from Zimbabwean and South African Performers and Performances’ Part 2 - Theatre Spaces 10. ‘Design and Other Aesthetic Elements in Duro Ladipo’s Oba Koso and Moremi’ 11. ‘Interview with Professor Rose Mbowa’ 12. ‘Spatial Temporality and the Poetics of Space Liminality in Ebiran Ekuechi Facekuerade Performance’ 13. ‘The State Theatre in a Transforming South Africa’ 14. ‘The CITO – Burkina Faso’s Alternative to a National Theatre’ 15. ‘Theatre of Statehood: An Examination of NAFEST 2020 and 2021 Opening Ceremony Performances’ 16. ‘From Stage Space to Video Space and Back: Multimedia Performance and Audience Engineering in a Contemporary African Environment’ 17. ‘“Connections Across Remoteness”: Interacting Online Spaces at the South African Virtual National Arts Festivals (2021-2022)’ 18. ‘Uninhibited Theatre in Burundi at the Buja Sans Tabou Festival: An Interview with Festival Director Freddy Sabimbona’ Part 3 – Theatre for Development and Social Change 19. ‘Democratising the Theatre for Development (TfD) Space through Balancing Power Dynamics: Analysing Practice-Based Experiences from Uganda’ 20. ‘Representation of Femicide on Theatre Stages: The Urgency to Respond to the Scourge of Violent Murders of Women in Postcolonial South Africa’ 21. ‘Understanding Intra-Gender Hostility through Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Performative Discursivities in the Works of Female Nigerian Playwrights’ 22. ‘Labarin Aisha (Aisha’s Tale) and Aisha Tori: Radio Drama as Paradigms of Social Change in Northern Nigeria’ 23. ‘Intervention Theatre/Film Watatu (2015) as a Counter-Narrative to Radicalization of the Youth in the Coastal Region of Kenya’ 24. ‘After Revivals: New Protest Theatre by “Born Free” South Africans’ 25. ‘Performed Activism as a Vehicle for Social Change in Nigeria’ 26. ‘Prosper Kompaoré and Theatre for Development in Burkina Faso: An Interview with Prosper Kompaoré’ 27. ‘Hope through the Many Theatres of Africa: An Interview with Togolese Performer Afi Akofa Kougbenou’ Part 4 – Diaspora 28. ‘Life Forces, Spirit Bodies and the Claiming of Space - Black/British?’ 29. ‘Contemporary Representations of Africa on the British Stage: A Case Study of Theresa Ikoko’s Girls and Inua Ellams’s Barber Shop Chronicles’ 30. ‘Expanding the Diasporic Legacies of Race and Nationalism: Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Kwame Kwei-Armah’s Beneatha’s Place’ 31. ‘Appropriating the Victorian Past in African American Theatre’ 32. ‘Representations of Africa in 21st Century African-American Drama’ 33. ‘Performance Arts, Theatre and Politics in Angola and Its Diaspora’ 34. ‘Tracking “Rasha’s Gaze” to Spaces of (un)Belonging: Black Performance in 21st-Century Berlin’ Part 5 - Theatre Futures 35. ‘Interweaving Discourse in the Arabo-Islamic World: Tracing its Historical and Contemporary Dimensions’ 36. ‘The Sankofa Strategy: A Plea for a Timeless African Theatres’ 37. ‘Africa’s Invisible Anglophone Women Creatives Daring to Challenge the 21st Century’ 38. ‘The Future of African Theatre Is Female: Women Theatre Artists in West African Theatre of the Twenty-First Century’ 39. ‘Beyond Ritual Drama and Marxism: The Future of Nigerian Theatre in Yoruba’s Omoluabi Essence Philosophy as Performance Aesthetics’ 40. ‘A History of the Decolonised African Theatre Aesthetic: Projections of an Emergent African Theatre Practice - Afroscenology’ 41. ‘Contemporary East African Dance Theatre: Emerging Decoloniality and Choreographic Self-writing’ 42. ‘The Need for a Production Policy for African Theatres: An Interview with Beninese Playwright, Sèdjro Giovanni Houansou’

Kene Igweonu is Professor of Creative Education at University of the Arts London, where he is also Pro Vice-Chancellor and Head of London College of Communication. An interdisciplinary researcher, Professor Igweonu has extensive experience of senior academic leadership in immersive and interactive practices and performance practice. His practice research and publication interests are in storytelling, theatre, and performance in Africa and its Diaspora, as well as the Feldenkrais Method in health, wellbeing, and performance training. A champion for arts and creative industries, Professor Igweonu is Chair of DramaHE, Council Member for Creative UK, and until August 2023, President of the African Theatre Association.

The Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance offers welcome insights into established topics and points towards exciting new avenues of research and knowledge production. What I particularly like is its consciously pluralistic scope, and the inclusion of African creatives as part of the scholarly discourse. “African theatre” is constantly remaking itself, and this Handbook is living proof that it will continue to matter.Christine Matzke, University of BayreuthThe impact of colonialism on African theatre is all embracing and overwhelmingly detrimental to the upward surge and growth of theatre in its post-colonial journey. African theatre today would need to put many structures in place for it to enjoy its pride of place in the pantheon of world theatres. All the ‘enabling environments’ that would facilitate the post-colonial life of African theatre are clearly highlighted and superbly discussed in the Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance. I therefore roundly recommend the book to anyone who is irrevocably committed to seeing the new dawn of post-colonial and renascent African performing art experiences.Peter Badejo, OBEIn bringing together this eclectic range of essays that cover different areas and traditions of theatre and performance in Africa and its diasporas, Kene Igweonu’s Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance shines an insightful light on both the heritage and the more recent research and scholarship on African theatre traditions and practices. In doing so, the book offers fresh understandings of what constitutes African theatre and performance, the many directions African theatre has taken and continues to take, and the need for these theatres and performances to be studied and understood in their own terms, and never by the frameworks of other traditions.Osita Okagbue, Professor of Theatre and Performance, Goldsmiths, University of London

• 1. Introduction Part 1 – Colonial and Postcolonial Theatre 2. ‘Local Heritage in North African Theatre: Between Cultural Renewal and Identity Politics’ 3. ‘Ritualistic Performances in Cameroon’ 4. ‘The Dùndún Drumming Tradition and the Colonising Missionaries’ 5. ‘The Emblematic Legacy of Robert Serumaga’s Abafumi (Storytellers) Theatre Company’ 6. ‘Sony Labou Tansi’s Theatre for a New Humanity’ 7. ‘The Intermittent Rise of Angolan Theatre’ 8. ‘Lost History of Music for Self-delectation: Tracing Malawi’s Moribund Performance Genres’ 9. ‘Reconfiguring Postcolonial Cultural Policy: Impetus from Zimbabwean and South African Performers and Performances’ Part 2 - Theatre Spaces 10. ‘Design and Other Aesthetic Elements in Duro Ladipo’s Oba Koso and Moremi’ 11. ‘Interview with Professor Rose Mbowa’ 12. ‘Spatial Temporality and the Poetics of Space Liminality in Ebiran Ekuechi Facekuerade Performance’ 13. ‘The State Theatre in a Transforming South Africa’ 14. ‘The CITO – Burkina Faso’s Alternative to a National Theatre’ 15. ‘Theatre of Statehood: An Examination of NAFEST 2020 and 2021 Opening Ceremony Performances’ 16. ‘From Stage Space to Video Space and Back: Multimedia Performance and Audience Engineering in a Contemporary African Environment’ 17. ‘“Connections Across Remoteness”: Interacting Online Spaces at the South African Virtual National Arts Festivals (2021-2022)’ 18. ‘Uninhibited Theatre in Burundi at the Buja Sans Tabou Festival: An Interview with Festival Director Freddy Sabimbona’ Part 3 – Theatre for Development and Social Change 19. ‘Democratising the Theatre for Development (TfD) Space through Balancing Power Dynamics: Analysing Practice-Based Experiences from Uganda’ 20. ‘Representation of Femicide on Theatre Stages: The Urgency to Respond to the Scourge of Violent Murders of Women in Postcolonial South Africa’ 21. ‘Understanding Intra-Gender Hostility through Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Performative Discursivities in the Works of Female Nigerian Playwrights’ 22. ‘Labarin Aisha (Aisha’s Tale) and Aisha Tori: Radio Drama as Paradigms of Social Change in Northern Nigeria’ 23. ‘Intervention Theatre/Film Watatu (2015) as a Counter-Narrative to Radicalization of the Youth in the Coastal Region of Kenya’ 24. ‘After Revivals: New Protest Theatre by “Born Free” South Africans’ 25. ‘Performed Activism as a Vehicle for Social Change in Nigeria’ 26. ‘Prosper Kompaoré and Theatre for Development in Burkina Faso: An Interview with Prosper Kompaoré’ 27. ‘Hope through the Many Theatres of Africa: An Interview with Togolese Performer Afi Akofa Kougbenou’ Part 4 – Diaspora 28. ‘Life Forces, Spirit Bodies and the Claiming of Space - Black/British?’ 29. ‘Contemporary Representations of Africa on the British Stage: A Case Study of Theresa Ikoko’s Girls and Inua Ellams’s Barber Shop Chronicles’ 30. ‘Expanding the Diasporic Legacies of Race and Nationalism: Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Kwame Kwei-Armah’s Beneatha’s Place’ 31. ‘Appropriating the Victorian Past in African American Theatre’ 32. ‘Representations of Africa in 21st Century African-American Drama’ 33. ‘Performance Arts, Theatre and Politics in Angola and Its Diaspora’ 34. ‘Tracking “Rasha’s Gaze” to Spaces of (un)Belonging: Black Performance in 21st-Century Berlin’ Part 5 - Theatre Futures 35. ‘Interweaving Discourse in the Arabo-Islamic World: Tracing its Historical and Contemporary Dimensions’ 36. ‘The Sankofa Strategy: A Plea for a Timeless African Theatres’ 37. ‘Africa’s Invisible Anglophone Women Creatives Daring to Challenge the 21st Century’ 38. ‘The Future of African Theatre Is Female: Women Theatre Artists in West African Theatre of the Twenty-First Century’ 39. ‘Beyond Ritual Drama and Marxism: The Future of Nigerian Theatre in Yoruba’s Omoluabi Essence Philosophy as Performance Aesthetics’ 40. ‘A History of the Decolonised African Theatre Aesthetic: Projections of an Emergent African Theatre Practice - Afroscenology’ 41. ‘Contemporary East African Dance Theatre: Emerging Decoloniality and Choreographic Self-writing’ 42. ‘The Need for a Production Policy for African Theatres: An Interview with Beninese Playwright, Sèdjro Giovanni Houansou’

Kene Igweonu is Professor of Creative Education at University of the Arts London, where he is also Pro Vice-Chancellor and Head of London College of Communication. An interdisciplinary researcher, Professor Igweonu has extensive experience of senior academic leadership in immersive and interactive practices and performance practice. His practice research and publication interests are in storytelling, theatre, and performance in Africa and its Diaspora, as well as the Feldenkrais Method in health, wellbeing, and performance training. A champion for arts and creative industries, Professor Igweonu is Chair of DramaHE, Council Member for Creative UK, and until August 2023, President of the African Theatre Association.

The Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance offers welcome insights into established topics and points towards exciting new avenues of research and knowledge production. What I particularly like is its consciously pluralistic scope, and the inclusion of African creatives as part of the scholarly discourse. “African theatre” is constantly remaking itself, and this Handbook is living proof that it will continue to matter.Christine Matzke, University of BayreuthThe impact of colonialism on African theatre is all embracing and overwhelmingly detrimental to the upward surge and growth of theatre in its post-colonial journey. African theatre today would need to put many structures in place for it to enjoy its pride of place in the pantheon of world theatres. All the ‘enabling environments’ that would facilitate the post-colonial life of African theatre are clearly highlighted and superbly discussed in the Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance. I therefore roundly recommend the book to anyone who is irrevocably committed to seeing the new dawn of post-colonial and renascent African performing art experiences.Peter Badejo, OBEIn bringing together this eclectic range of essays that cover different areas and traditions of theatre and performance in Africa and its diasporas, Kene Igweonu’s Routledge Handbook of African Theatre and Performance shines an insightful light on both the heritage and the more recent research and scholarship on African theatre traditions and practices. In doing so, the book offers fresh understandings of what constitutes African theatre and performance, the many directions African theatre has taken and continues to take, and the need for these theatres and performances to be studied and understood in their own terms, and never by the frameworks of other traditions.Osita Okagbue, Professor of Theatre and Performance, Goldsmiths, University of London

• 1. Introduction Part 1 – Colonial and Postcolonial Theatre 2. ‘Local Heritage in North African Theatre: Between Cultural Renewal and Identity Politics’ 3. ‘Ritualistic Performances in Cameroon’ 4. ‘The Dùndún Drumming Tradition and the Colonising Missionaries’ 5. ‘The Emblematic Legacy of Robert Serumaga’s Abafumi (Storytellers) Theatre Company’ 6. ‘Sony Labou Tansi’s Theatre for a New Humanity’ 7. ‘The Intermittent Rise of Angolan Theatre’ 8. ‘Lost History of Music for Self-delectation: Tracing Malawi’s Moribund Performance Genres’ 9. ‘Reconfiguring Postcolonial Cultural Policy: Impetus from Zimbabwean and South African Performers and Performances’ Part 2 - Theatre Spaces 10. ‘Design and Other Aesthetic Elements in Duro Ladipo’s Oba Koso and Moremi’ 11. ‘Interview with Professor Rose Mbowa’ 12. ‘Spatial Temporality and the Poetics of Space Liminality in Ebiran Ekuechi Facekuerade Performance’ 13. ‘The State Theatre in a Transforming South Africa’ 14. ‘The CITO – Burkina Faso’s Alternative to a National Theatre’ 15. ‘Theatre of Statehood: An Examination of NAFEST 2020 and 2021 Opening Ceremony Performances’ 16. ‘From Stage Space to Video Space and Back: Multimedia Performance and Audience Engineering in a Contemporary African Environment’ 17. ‘“Connections Across Remoteness”: Interacting Online Spaces at the South African Virtual National Arts Festivals (2021-2022)’ 18. ‘Uninhibited Theatre in Burundi at the Buja Sans Tabou Festival: An Interview with Festival Director Freddy Sabimbona’ Part 3 – Theatre for Development and Social Change 19. ‘Democratising the Theatre for Development (TfD) Space through Balancing Power Dynamics: Analysing Practice-Based Experiences from Uganda’ 20. ‘Representation of Femicide on Theatre Stages: The Urgency to Respond to the Scourge of Violent Murders of Women in Postcolonial South Africa’ 21. ‘Understanding Intra-Gender Hostility through Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Performative Discursivities in the Works of Female Nigerian Playwrights’ 22. ‘Labarin Aisha (Aisha’s Tale) and Aisha Tori: Radio Drama as Paradigms of Social Change in Northern Nigeria’ 23. ‘Intervention Theatre/Film Watatu (2015) as a Counter-Narrative to Radicalization of the Youth in the Coastal Region of Kenya’ 24. ‘After Revivals: New Protest Theatre by “Born Free” South Africans’ 25. ‘Performed Activism as a Vehicle for Social Change in Nigeria’ 26. ‘Prosper Kompaoré and Theatre for Development in Burkina Faso: An Interview with Prosper Kompaoré’ 27. ‘Hope through the Many Theatres of Africa: An Interview with Togolese Performer Afi Akofa Kougbenou’ Part 4 – Diaspora 28. ‘Life Forces, Spirit Bodies and the Claiming of Space - Black/British?’ 29. ‘Contemporary Representations of Africa on the British Stage: A Case Study of Theresa Ikoko’s Girls and Inua Ellams’s Barber Shop Chronicles’ 30. ‘Expanding the Diasporic Legacies of Race and Nationalism: Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Kwame Kwei-Armah’s Beneatha’s Place’ 31. ‘Appropriating the Victorian Past in African American Theatre’ 32. ‘Representations of Africa in 21st Century African-American Drama’ 33. ‘Performance Arts, Theatre and Politics in Angola and Its Diaspora’ 34. ‘Tracking “Rasha’s Gaze” to Spaces of (un)Belonging: Black Performance in 21st-Century Berlin’ Part 5 - Theatre Futures 35. ‘Interweaving Discourse in the Arabo-Islamic World: Tracing its Historical and Contemporary Dimensions’ 36. ‘The Sankofa Strategy: A Plea for a Timeless African Theatres’ 37. ‘Africa’s Invisible Anglophone Women Creatives Daring to Challenge the 21st Century’ 38. ‘The Future of African Theatre Is Female: Women Theatre Artists in West African Theatre of the Twenty-First Century’ 39. ‘Beyond Ritual Drama and Marxism: The Future of Nigerian Theatre in Yoruba’s Omoluabi Essence Philosophy as Performance Aesthetics’ 40. ‘A History of the Decolonised African Theatre Aesthetic: Projections of an Emergent African Theatre Practice - Afroscenology’ 41. ‘Contemporary East African Dance Theatre: Emerging Decoloniality and Choreographic Self-writing’ 42. ‘The Need for a Production Policy for African Theatres: An Interview with Beninese Playwright, Sèdjro Giovanni Houansou’